To explore the current situation and trend of growth, development and nutrition of children aged 3-6 in Zhejiang Province, To provide reference for improving growth and development level.

Under the unified organization of the National Physical Fitness Monitoring Center, the research group measured the body shape data of children aged 3 to 6 years in Zhejiang Province, and compared and analyzed the body shape data of children aged 3 to 6 years in Zhejiang Province based on 2014 and 2020.

In terms of growth and development, the children aged 3-6 years in Zhejiang Province were in good condition in 2020, and all indicators of boys were higher than those of girls (P<0.05), with a small urban-rural difference. Compared with 2014, height (F_man=4.08, P<0.05; F_women=210.82, P<0.01), weight (F_man=18.33, P<0.01; F_women=10.26, P<0.01) and BMI (F_man=25.41, P<0.01; F_women=6.19, P<0.05) increased in 2020 (P<0.05). In terms of nutritional status, the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 13.0% and 8.4% among children aged 3-6 years in Zhejiang province in 2020, and the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in boys were higher than those in girls (P<0.05). The rates of overweight and obesity in rural boys were 1.6% and 2.6% higher than those in urban children, and the rates in rural girls were 2.4% and 1.2% higher than those in urban children. From 2014 to 2020, the overall prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in young children showed an upward trend. The overweight and obesity rates in boys increased by 3.1% and 2.0%, respectively (P< 0.05), and girls increased by 0.9% and 0.4%, respectively.

In Zhejiang Province, children’s growth and development level increase steadily, but the risk of overweight and obesity is on the rise, especially in rural areas. Effective measures should be taken to curb the growing trend of overweight and obesity.

To provide basis for health-related physical curriculum reform and health education in primary and secondary schools.

In September 2018, a total of 23 191 students from grades 1 to 12 in Chengdu were selected for a physical fitness test using a stratified random cluster sampling method. Additionally, 1 024 middle school students from grades 7, 8, 10, and 11 were randomly selected for a lifestyle questionnaire survey. Rank correlation analysis was employed to compare the differences in physical fitness among students with different BMI levels, and linear correlation analysis was used to examine the associations between physical fitness and lifestyle factors such as diet, exercise, and sleep.

The respondents’ sit-and-reach test scores (r_s=0.042, P=0.009), grip strength (r_s=0.499, P<0.001) increased with BMI level, while the vital capacity body mass index decreased with BMI level (r_s=-0.242, P<0.001). With increasing BMI levels, the physical comprehensive scores of the respondents tended to increase at first and then decrease. Using BMI as the independent variable and physical comprehensive score as the dependent variable, a total of eight regression equations were derived. As follows: Grades 3-4: male students: y=-0.016X²+0.423X-2.532, female students: y=-0.005X²+0.123X-0.588; Grades 5-6: male students: y=-0.027X²+0.841X-6.214, female students: y=-0.012X²+0.314X-1.741; Grades 7-9: male students: y=-0.038X²+1.521X-14.666, female students: y=-0.008X²+0.163X-0.132; Grades 10-12: male students: y=-0.035X²+1.428X-14.233, female students: y=0.007X²-0.390X+5.160. The pass rates of the surveyed subjects in the standing long jump (r=0.567, P<0.001) and visual acuity (r=0.425, P<0.001) were positively correlated with exercise. The vital capacity body mass index pass rate for male students(r=0.504, P=0.028) was positively correlated with exercise. The BMI pass rate for female students was positively correlated with both diet (r=0.688, P=0.017) and exercise (r=0.497, P=0.012).

Middle school students’ vital capacity body mass index, standing long jump, and visual acuity status were related to exercise. Female students’ BMI was related to diet. The physical fitness, BMI, and lifestyle of primary and middle school students are mutual influence, mutual cause and effect.

To understand the utilization of basic public health services and the influencing factors of the young female floating population in the Pearl River Delta (PRD), to provide reference suggestions to enhance the utilization of basic public health services by the young female floating population, and to help shape the Healthy Bay Area and the construction of Healthy China.

Utilization of basic public health services by young female mobile population in the Pearl River Delta and its influencing factors were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and binary logistic regression using the 2018 National Mobile Population Dynamics Monitoring data.

Of the 2 970 young female migrants who had flowed into the PRD for 6 months or more, 407 (13.7%) had signed up for a family doctor in the local community, 886 (29.8%) had established a resident health record, and 2 479 (83.3%) had received ≥1 type of health education, which was mainly in the form of publicity materials and bulletin boards. Factors affecting the contracting status of local family doctors included whether or not they participated in urban residents’ medical insurance (OR=0.626, 95% CI: 0.425-0.921) and whether or not they planned to have children in the next two years (OR=0.806, 95% CI: 0.668-0.972); factors affecting the establishment of health records of the young female migrants included whether or not they participated in urban residents’ medical insurance (OR=0.806, 95% CI: 0.668-0.972). Medical insurance (OR=0.626, 95% CI: 0.425-0.921) and whether they intend to give birth in the next two years (OR=0.813, 95% CI: 0.675-0.981); factors affecting the acceptance of health education by young female migrants included marital status (OR=4.644, 95% CI: 2.265-9.523), weekly working time (OR=1.384, 95% CI: 1.206-1.589).

The young female migrant population in the PRD underutilizes basic public health services, with the highest rate of having received ≥1 type of health education, followed by the rate of establishing a health record, and lowest rate of signing up for a family doctor. The rates of family doctor contracting and file establishment are higher among young female migrants who have no intention of having children or who do not participate in urban residents’ health insurance, whereas the rates of health education acceptance are higher among young female migrants who are first married or whose weekly working hours are less than 40h, and lower among those who are widowed or whose weekly working hours are more than 70h. The rate of acceptance is also higher among those who have not participated in the urban residents’ health insurance program.

To study the single-disease settlement cost and its influencing factors for age-related cataract surgery patients under the centralized volume-based procurement policy of intraocular lens, and to provide theoretical suggestions and data support for optimizing the cost structure, controlling the growth of medical costs, and improving the quota payment policy of intraocular lens materials.

The medical records and single-disease payment information of 215 age-related cataract patients admitted to the Department of Ophthalmology of a provincial tertiary public general hospital in Guangzhou from June 1, 2021 to April 30, 2022 were collected. Descriptive analysis, new grey correlation analysis and multiple linear regression model were used to analyze the composition and influencing factors of single-disease settlement expenses and the burden of intraocular lens materials.

The treatment cost, intraocular lens cost and diagnosis cost were the main types of hospitalization expenses for age-related cataract surgery patients (accounting for 52.12%, 19.79% and 13.56% respectively, accounting for 85.47% in total). At the same time, it was also the main type of expense affecting the average hospitalization expense per time (the correlation coefficients were 1.000, 0.751, 0.717). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the length of hospital stay, anesthesia type (local anesthesia as the reference, general anesthesia β=3 513.340) and intraocular lens type (soft spherical three-piece monofocal non-astigmatism type as the reference, soft aspheric one-piece monofocal astigmatism type β=2 590.090; soft aspheric one-piece continuous visual field non-astigmatism type β=10 496.020, soft aspheric one-piece trifocal non-astigmatism type β=21 889.810) were the influencing factors of hospitalization expenses (P<0.001). Under the medical insurance limit payment of intraocular lens material fee, the proportion of the highest burden of patients is low when the selected intraocular lens unit price is less than the maximum limit standard (1 800 yuan), and the proportion of the highest burden of patients increases with the increase of the price of intraocular lens when the selected intraocular lens unit price is more than the maximum limit standard (1 800 yuan).

The structure of hospitalization expenses for age-related cataract surgery becomes more reasonable under the centralized volume-based procurement policy of intraocular lens, and the labor value of medical staff is realized. However, more attention should be paid to the changes of intraocular lens costs and diagnostic fees in the future. Shortening the length of hospital stay, reasonable selection of anesthesia methods, reasonable selection of different types of intraocular lens and reducing the price of intraocular lens can effectively reduce the hospitalization cost of age-related cataract surgery patients. Appropriately raising the fee limit of intraocular lens materials according to the affordability of local medical insurance fund is helpful to reduce the cost burden of surgical patients.

To understand the quality of life of the elderly in Dongguan during the COVID-19 period, to explore the influence path of social support and social support behavior on the quality of life of the elderly, and to provide a reference basis for social support to improve the quality of life of the elderly.

From September to December 2020, face-to-face interview-type questionnaires were administered to older adults in six communities in Dongguan City using whole-cluster random sampling, and the Social Support Assessment Scale (SSA), Social Support Behaviour Scale (SS-B), and the Brief Health Questionnaire (SF-36) were used to assess older adults’ social support, social support behaviours, and quality of life. The t-test and one-way ANOVA were used for statistical analysis of variance, and Spearman’s correlation analysis and Model 1 in the PROCESS 4.0 macro program were used for path analysis.

A total of 1 130 valid questionnaires (94.17%) were collected, with a mean age (78.85±9.04) years, 72.2% female and 27.8% male. Social support (r=0.16, P<0.01) and social support behaviors (r=0.14, P<0.01) were positively correlated with quality of life, while social support (r=0.11, P<0.01) and social support behaviors (r=0.14, P<0.01) were positively correlated with mental health. Social support behaviors had a positive predictive effect on quality of life (β=0.069, P<0.01) and mental health (β=0.119, P<0.01). The relationship between social support behavior and quality of life (β=-0.004, P<0.001) and mental health (β=-0.005, P<0.001), the boundary values of the regulatory effect were 10.270 and 7.145, respectively, and the regulatory effect below the critical value was significant.

Improving social support in the elderly can help improve the quality of life of the elderly, especially the elderly population with a low level of social support behavior.

To analyze the multiple mediating effects of anxiety and depression symptoms between physical activity and cognitive function, and to provide evidence for slowing down the decline of cognitive function in the elderly.

A total of 9 323 elderly people aged 65 and above were selected from the 2018 China Aging Health Factors Follow-up Survey and their basic demographic characteristics were described. The correlation between physical activity, anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms, and cognitive function was investigated. The chain mediating effect model was used to analyze the multiple mediating effects of anxiety and depression between physical activity and cognitive function.

Physical activity, anxiety symptoms and depression symptoms were correlated with cognitive function (all P<0.001), and physical activity was positively correlated (r=0.41), anxiety symptoms (r=-0.12) and depression symptoms (r=-0.22) were negatively correlated. On the one hand, physical activity can directly affect cognitive function in older adults (effect=0.234 8, SE=0.012 2, 95% CI: 0.211 0-0.258 6). On the other hand, physical activity mediated cognitive function through anxiety and depression symptoms, among which, the independent mediating effect of anxiety was 0.002 6 (SE=0.001 2, 95% CI：0.000 3-0.005 3), and the independent mediating effect of depression was 0.018 6 (SE=0.012 3, 95% CI: 0.014 2-0.023 2). The series mediating effect of anxiety and depression was 0.006 1 (SE=0.001 1, 95% CI: 0.004 0-0.008 4).

Physical activity may improve cognitive function in older adults by reducing anxiety and depression. For the elderly, active participation in physical activity is beneficial to maintain a good mental state and slow down the decline of cognitive function.

To study the quality-of-life level and its differentiation characteristics of elderly people in rural areas of China.

Based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2018, we constructed an indicator system for evaluating the quality of life of rural elderly people from four levels: individual, family, society, and policy. The entropy method was used to objectively assign weights and calculate the quality-of-life score. The evaluation results were analyzed from three aspects: population characteristics, spatial correlation, and spatial distribution.

Marital status (F=35.27, P<0.001) and educational level (F=10.80, P<0.001) had a significant impact on the quality of life of rural elderly people. The distribution of quality of life was spatially correlated (I=0.432, P<0.001). There are a total of 16 provinces (accounting for 57.142%) with quality levels in the middle, low, and low-level regions, mainly located in the central and western regions.

More than half of the rural elderly in provinces have a quality of life in areas with a moderate or lower level, exhibiting a positive spatial clustering feature, roughly showing a distribution pattern of high in the east and low in the west. Special attention should be paid to the quality of life of unmarried, widowed, low educated, and central and western provinces.

To investigate the effects of high-fat diet in pre-pregnancy and pregnancy on gut microbiota of neonatal rats.

Twelve 3-week-old Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) female Sprague-dawley (SD) rats after one week of adaptive feeding were randomly divided into control group and high-fat diet group according to body weight. The rats were fed basal diet or high-fat diet until 12-week-old in pre-pregnancy, respectively, and then mated with SPF male SD rats of the same age. Pregnancy was determined the next day when vaginal plugs were observed or sperms were found by vaginal smears. Pregnant rats were kept in single cages and the diet in pregnancy was the same as pre-pregnancy. The postnatal day 0.5 (PD 0.5) neonatal rats were collected and the body weights were measured. Intestine of PD 0.5 neonatal rats were collected, intestinal weights were measured and intestinal coefficients were calculated. Histopathology and related genes detection of ileum and colon were performed. Total bacterial DNA of intestinal contents was extracted and the gut microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Data was analyzed by t test or Mann-Whitney U test.

Compared with control group, there were no significant difference in the body weight, intestinal weight and intestinal coefficient in PD 0.5 neonatal rats of high-fat diet group(t=-0.682, P=0.499; t=0.269, P=0.790; t=0.674, P=0.506); there were no difference in intestinal histopathological changes; the gene expression level of Claudin-1, Lysozyme, Reg3γ (regenerating islet derived protein 3 gamma) and Alpha-defensin 5 of colon in PD 0.5 neonatal rats of high-fat diet group were increased significantly(t=-3.136，P=0.011; t=-3.303, P=0.019; t=-3.093, P=0.011; t=-3.575, P=0.005); there were no significant difference in α diversity and β diversity of gut microbiota(t=-1.407, P=0.190; t=-1.410, P=0.189; t=-2.017, P=0.071; U=6.000, P=0.055; F=1.030，P=0.141); the abundance of Ruminococcus, Phascolarctobacterium, Lachnospiracea_incertae_sedis, Veillonella and Flavobacterium and Bacteroides_sp._SLC1-38 increased significantly(U=3.500, P=0.013; U=7.000, P＝0.050; U=6.000, P=0.022; U=6.000, P=0.022; U=7.000, P＝0.050; U=3.000, P=0.007). The Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) analysis found that Escherella/Shigella, Ruminococcus, Phascolarctobacterium, Lachnospiracea_incertae_sedis and Bacteroides_SP._SLC1-38 were bacteria with effects on the differences in high-fat diet group greater than the set value.

High-fat diet in pre-pregnancy and pregnancy increased the abundance of metabolically related bacteria and pathogenic bacteria in the gut of PD 0.5 neonatal rats.

To establish a rapid and accurate method for the detection of Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 toxigenic strains.

On the basis of multienzyme isothermal rapid amplification technology, primers and probes were designed according to the hemolysin coding gene, cholera toxin coding gene and O antigen coding genes of Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139, and the detection method was preliminary established. With DNA of different Serotypes of Vibrio cholerae and other bacteria used as templates, the specificity and sensitivity of the detection method was verified.

When the probe addition amount of the reaction system was 0.6μL as recommended by kit instructions, it could successfully amplify four target genes including hemolysin coding gene, cholera toxin coding gene, and O antigen coding genes of Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139. When the probe addition amount was respectively optimized to 1.0 μL, 1.0 μL, 1.0 μL, 0.8 μL of the above-mentioned four genes, the amplification efficiency was higher. After optimizing probe addition, the specificity of the detection method was verified and each primer probe combination did not cross react with non target bacterial DNA. When conducting sensitivity analysis of the detection method, the genomic detection sensitivity of different target genes was 70fg or 290fg. The above results showed that the sensitivity and specificity of the detection method meet the design requirements.

A new method for the detection of Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 toxigenic strains has been established. This method has characteristics of strong specificity, high sensitivity, and short detection time. It can be applied to the routine detection and rapid detection of Vibrio cholerae, and has a positive role in the prevention of cholera.