To understand the awareness of core knowledge of Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases among multi-ethnic residents in Shimian County, a minority-concentrated area in southern Sichuan, and its influencing factors, and to provide strategic suggestions for Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases prevention and treatment.

A multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey of 4 160 permanent residents aged 18 and above in Shimian County from May to November 2022. The scores and awareness rates of the core knowledge of Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases among Han and minority residents were calculated separately. A multiple logistic regression model was used to analyze the knowledge and awareness of the core Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases among residents of different ethnic groups and their influencing factors.

The median score for the core knowledge of chronic diseases among the residents of Shimian County was 40 points. Among them, the median score for the core knowledge of chronic diseases among Han residents was 50 points, which was higher than the median score of 40 for ethnic minorities (Z=-3.905, P<0.001). The awareness rate of core knowledge of chronic diseases among the residents of Shimian County was 36.7%, and the awareness rate among Han residents (38.1%) was higher than that of ethnic minorities (31.6%) (χ²=12.544, P<0.001). Both Han and ethnic minority residents had the highest correct answer rate for social responsibility for chronic disease prevention and control (Han: 68.89%; ethnic minorities: 67.67%), and the lowest correct answer rate for knowledge about cardiovascular disease prevention (Han: 18.60%; ethnic minorities: 19.47%). The results of multifactor logistic regression analysis showed that regardless of Han or ethnic minorities, having a bachelor’s degree or above (Han: OR=3.77, 95%CI:1.99-4.32; ethnic minorities: OR=9.98, 95%CI: 5.61-17.72) and sufficient physical activity (Han: OR=2.30, 95%CI: 1.97-2.69; ethnic minorities: OR=1.89, 95%CI: 1.36-2.62)were promoting factors for the awareness of core knowledge of chronic diseases, while engaging in non-physical labor(Han: OR=0.63, 95%CI:0.54-0.73; ethnic minorities: OR=0.46, 95%CI: 0.33-0.64) was a hindrance factor for the awareness of core knowledge of chronic diseases, and being middle-aged and elderly was a hindrance factor for the awareness of core knowledge of chronic diseases among Han residents (OR=0.76, 95%CI:0.60-0.98).

The awareness level of core knowledge of chronic diseases among residents of all ethnic groups in Shimian County needs further improvement. Regardless of whether they are Han or ethnic minorities, with low educational levels, engaged in non-physical labor, and lacking physical activity, they should be the key populations for health education on core knowledge of Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases.

Different library construction methods, combined with high-throughput sequencing methods, were used to understand the genetic characteristics of the virus of the first confirmed imported monkeypox case in mainland China, and to compare the advantages and disadvantages of different library types.

The herpetic fluids and nasopharyngeal swabs of the first imported monkeypox case in the Chinese mainland were used as samples. After nucleic acid extraction and quantification, the library was directly constructed or the amplicon library was constructed using the monkeypox virus whole genome capture kit, and the whole genome sequence of the virus was obtained by high-throughput sequencing. Combined with 34 monkeypox virus sequences downloaded from the NCBI and GISAID databases, a phylogenetic evolutionary tree was constructed using vaccinia, variola, and cowpox sequences as out groups.

The whole genome sequence of the virus was obtained by both library construction methods, named hMpxV/China/CQ-CQCDC-001/2022, which belongs to the monkeypox virus branch IIb, located in the same branch as hMpxV/Germany/BE-ChVir28656/2022 belonging to the IIb B.1 branch. Metagenomic libraries have more uniform sequence coverage than amplicon libraries, but the sequencing depth is lower and the effective data volume accounts for less.

Clade IIb B.1 monkeypox viruses have already been introduced into the mainland China, and the sequencing of subsequently discovered monkeypox viruses should be based on the sample size and sequencing timeframe, sequencing cost-effectiveness ratio, and other factors to choose the appropriate library construction method.

To understand the prevalence and trend of hepatitis A and E in Yantai from 2011 to 2022, and to conduct serological research on hepatitis A and hepatitis E in the community population so as to provide data for effective prevention and control of two types of hepatitis.

The case-related information came from the monitoring data of China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the prevalence of hepatitis A and hepatitis E in Yantai City from 2011 to 2022. Two areas in Yantai were selected bymulti-stage random cluster sampling method to carry out monitoring of hepatitis A and hepatitis E antibody levels in community populations. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect serum levels of anti-hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) antibodies.

A total of 858 cases of hepatitis A and 3 145 cases of hepatitis E were reported from 2011 to 2022. The annual average incidence rate of hepatitis A was 1.01/100 000, and the incidence was sporadic throughout the year.The annual average incidence rate of hepatitis E was 3.72/100 000. The incidence was mainly in winter and spring. The reported cases of hepatitis A and hepatitis E were mainly concentrated in the northern coastal areas. 86.48% of the reported cases of hepatitis A are 25-69 years old, while 91.86% of the reported cases of hepatitis E were 35-79 years old.The composition of hepatitis A and hepatitis E was mainly men and farmers. A total of 600 blood samples were collected from healthy people, the overall seroprevalence of HAV IgM, HEV IgM, HAV IgG and HEV IgG were 1.83%, 85.67% and 32%, respectively. In terms of age, the positive rate of HAV IgM was the highest in 61-70 years old group (3.9%), HAV IgG positive rate in over 70 years old group was the highest, HEV IgM positive rate in 51-60 years old group was the highest (4.21%),and HEV IgG positive rate in over 70 years old group was the highest. Farmers had the highest positive rates of HAV IgG and HEV IgG, while students, household workers, and unemployed individuals have the highest positive rates of HAV IgM and HEV IgM. Farmers had the highest positive rates of HAV IgG (92.52%) and HEV IgG (46.26%), students had the highest positive rates of HAV IgM (2.78%) and housework and unemployed people had the highest positive rates of HAV IgM and HEV IgM (3.17%).

The incidence of hepatitis A and hepatitis E remained at a relatively high level in Yantai from 2011 to 2022, and the positive levels of HAV IgG and HEV IgG antibodies were relatively high. Further efforts need to be made to promote and intervene in key populations, especially men and farmers, to carry out relevant prevention and control measures and reduce infection rates.

To achieve the classification of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) by integrating information that utilize the complementary properties of multimodal data, and to provide references for clinical diagnosis.

A total of 872 subjects were obtained from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), with both clinical information, structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans. They were divided into the training set (612 subjects) and test set (260 subjects). Based on three unimodal data and four multimodal combinations of different modalities, we constructed the sparse Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (sPLS-DA) classification models in the training set to achieve the multi-classification. The macro-averaged precision (Macro-P), macro-averaged recall (Macro-R), macro-averaged F1 value (Macro-F1), and accuracy were used to evaluate the model performance, with the optimal combination of modalities obtained explored for their applicability in the test set.

The classification performance of clinical information (Macro-P=0.781 8, Macro-R=0.804 6, Macro-F1=0.791 2, Accuracy=0.796 7) among the unimodal information was better than that of sMRI and fMRI modalities. The optimal number of potential components was 1, and the number of clinical information features was 9. Among the four multimodal combinations, the clinical information + fMRI combination had the strongest classification ability (Macro-P=0.806 2,Macro-R=0.800 6, Macro-F1=0.797 6, Accuracy=0.813 2), with the optimal number of potential components selected as 1,and the number of features were 5, while the sMRI + fMRI had the worst classification ability (Macro-P=0.401 7, Macro-R=0.398 3, Macro-F1=0.349 9, Accuracy=0.565 9).Applying the best modal combination to the test set, the model performance metrics achieved were 0.791 8 for Macro-P, 0.734 5 for Macro-R, 0.758 4 for Macro-F1, and 0.766 4(0.646 0, 0.846 5) for Accuracy.

The performance of the sPLS-DA classification model constructed based on each multimodal combination was higher than that of the unimodal, among which the combination of clinical information + fMRI modality had the best performance, which couldgreatly facilitate the formulation of scientific and reasonable clinical diagnosis plans.

To summarize the performance and implementation status of various randomization methods, and to provide clinical researchers with a guide for choosing an appropriate randomization method and executing it in a standardized manner.

The review elucidated the conceptual and implementation integrity of randomization, and illuminated the developmental history and application of major randomization methods, as well as their performance in the two competitive dimensions of group allocation randomness and group sample balance.

Restricted randomization was frequently used to maintain an appropriate treatment balance in practice. Block randomization was the most widely used, but its allocation sequence lacked sufficient randomness and could be predicted, elevating the risk of selection bias, especially in open-label trials. Methods offering a superior trade-off between randomness and balance included MTI restricted randomization methods like the big stick design and maximal procedure, as well as combinations of multiple randomization methods such as the block urn design and sandwich mixed randomization. Many clinical researchers still had misconceptions about the randomization concept itself and often overlooked its critical methodological rigor and standardized implementation.

Researchers should meticulously choose a suitable randomization method and report implementation details in a standardized manner, allowing peer researchers to evaluate the internal validity and evidence strength of the study. Due to its high predictability, the widely used block randomization method should be substituted by alternative methods with better performance. Future randomization procedures can be explored and developed based on the MTI restrictive methods and the combinations of existing methods.

To analyze adverse outcomes and influencing factors of elderly pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Guizhou Province and to provide a scientific basis for effective treatment of elderly pulmonary tuberculosis patients.

The medical records information of elderly pulmonary tuberculosis patients aged 65 and above in Guizhou Province from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2022, was extracted from the Tuberculosis Monitoring Report Management Information System. The time trend of adverse outcomes was analyzed using the chi-square trend test, inter-group comparison was conducted using the chi-square test, and binary logistic regression was employed to analyze influencing factors.

From 2011 to 2022, 10,820 elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis had adverse outcomes in Guizhou Province, with an adverse outcome rate of 12.91%. The rate of adverse outcomes increased from 2011 to 2015 (, P<0.001), and decreased from 2016 to 2022 (, P<0.001). Regarding regional distribution, Bijie City had the highest rate of adverse outcomes, and TongrenCity had the lowest rate (χ²=808.188, P<0.001)..The results of multivariate analysis showed that compared with the patients who were female, ethnic minorities, 65-69 years old, without comorbidities, newly treated, pathogenic negative, and without other tuberculosis, the patients were more likely to develop tuberculosis. Male (OR=1.323,95%CI=1.267-1.380), Han ethnic group (OR=1.168,95%CI= 1.117-1.222), 70-74 years old (OR=1.244,95%CI=1.181-1.310), 75-79 years old (OR=1.612,95%CI=1) 525-1.704), ≥80 years old (OR=2.322,95%CI=2.178-2.476), comorbidities (OR=1.261,95%CI=1.179-1.348), retreatment (OR=1.526,95%CI=1.423-1.636), positive pathogen (OR=1.244, 95%CI= 1.181-1.310) and other tuberculosis (OR=1.245,95%CI=1.161-1.336) were risk factors for poor outcomes.

Since the implementation of the "13th Five-Year Plan" for tuberculosis prevention and treatment, the adverse outcome rate of elderly tuberculosis patients in Guizhou Province has shown a gradual decreasing trend, but the distribution of the adverse outcome rate is uneven, which suggests that we need to continue to maintain a high degree of vigilance and strengthen preventive and control measures.

To understand the current situation of chronic kidney disease in the elderly in urban communities and to explore its influencing factors.

The data were based on the National Basic Public Health Service Project in Qingyang District, Chengdu in 2019. The physical examination data of the elderly aged 65 years or older were used and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated from serum creatinine using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation. CKD was defined as eGFR less than 60 mL/min per 1.73 m². Kruskal-Wallis H test, Chi-square test and linear trend Chi-square test were used to compare the differences in the prevalence of CKD among the elderly in urban communities with different characteristics, and the influencing factors of CKD among the elderly in urban communities were explored by multivariate logistic regression model.

Among the 23 851 elderly in urban communities, the prevalence of CKD was 9.8%, and the awareness rate was 6.7%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age 80 years or older (OR=9.874, 95%CI: 8.576-11.369, P<0.001), smoking (OR=1.221, 95%CI: 1.031-1.447, P=0.021), dyslipidemia (OR=1.400, 95%CI: 1.274-1.539, P<0.001), hypertension (OR=1.711, 95%CI: 1.546-1.894, P<0.001) and diabetes (OR=1.151, 95%CI: 1.043-1.27, P=0.005) were positively related to CKD. Higher education (OR=0.644, 95%CI: 0.526-0.787, P<0.001) and everyday physical activity (OR=0.647, 95%CI: 0.571-0.732, P<0.001) were negatively related to CKD.

The prevalence of CKD in the elderly in urban communities is high, but the awareness rate is low. To optimize the management of CKD in urban communities and aim at lowering the development of CKD and slowing its progression.

To provide reference for controlling or delaying the decline of pulmonary ventilation function in male pneumoconiosis patients by studying associations of serum albumin levels with the risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in male pneumoconiosis patients.

A retrospective cohort design was adopted in this study. Male pneumoconiosis patients who were hospitalized in West China Fourth Hospital from January 2012 to December 2021 and did not have pulmonary ventilation dysfunction at baseline were selected as the study objects. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to calculate HRs and 95% CIs to evaluate the association of baseline serum albumin levels and the risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction. Restricted cubic spline plot was used to explore whether there was a dose-response relationship between baseline serum albumin concentrations and the risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction.

A total of 746 subjects were included in this study. Fully adjusted model results of Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that male pneumoconiosis patients with serum albumin higher than 40.8 g/L had a reduced risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction compared with male pneumoconiosis patients with serum albumin lower than 34.4g/L (HR=0.660, 95%CI: 0.439-0.992). The restricted cubic spline figure showed that the risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in male pneumoconiosis patients gradually decreased with the gradual increase of serum albumin concentrations and there was a linear negative relationship between baseline serum albumin concentrations and the incidence risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in male pneumoconiosis patients (P<0.05).

Higher serum albumin is a protective factor for severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in male pneumoconiosis patients and maintaining the serum albumin concentrations above 40.8 g/L can reduce the risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction.

To investigate the causal relationship between 211 intestinal microorganisms and anxiety by Mendelian randomization analysis.

Based on the genome-wide association study data of MiBioGen Alliance and Finnish database, the qualified instrumental variables were extracted, and the inverse variance weighting method was used as the main Mendelian randomized analysis method, combined with MR-Egger and Weighted median methods. Finally, the results were verified by Cochran’s Q statistics, intercept terms of MR-Egger regression, MR-PRESSO, and leave-one-out methods.

Cyanobacteria (OR=1.103, 95%CI: 1.001-1.215, P=0.048), Shigella (OR=1.159, 95%CI: 1.027-1.309, P=0.017), and Slackia (OR=1.170, 95%CI: 1.047-1.307, P=0.017) were positively correlated with the risk of anxiety. Firmicutes (OR=0.857, 95%CI:0.754-0.974, P=0.018), Clostridium (OR=0.817, 95%CI: 0.701-0.951, P=0.009), Clostridium (OR=0.849, 95%CI: 0.736-0.980, P=0.025), Eubacterium_rectale_group (OR=0.861, 95%CI: 0.748-0.993, P=0.039), Ruminococcaceae_UCG004(OR=0.886, 95%CI: 0.789-0.994, P=0.039), and Ruminococcaceae_UCG011(OR=0.919, 95%CI: 0.854-0.989, P=0.025) were negatively correlated with anxiety risk. The results were verified and no heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy were found.

This study evaluates the potential causal relationship between intestinal microorganisms and anxiety, providing reference for the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of anxiety in the future.

To construct the trajectories of four kinds of scores in Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) and to explore the relationship between each trajectory and the progression of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

Data were collected from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Program (ADNI). The research subjects were MCI patients who had been followed up for more than 5 years and completed the RAVLT test. Four kinds of trajectories with different scores of RAVLT were constructed based on the group-based trajectory model (GBTM). Cox regression model was used to explore the relationship between four different score trajectories and the progression of MCI patients to AD.

In the analysis of the four types of RAVLT scores, it was found that three trajectories were identified in the verbal learning scores.Compared with the low-stable group, the risk of AD in the moderate-stable group was lower (adjusted HR=0.27, 95%CI: 0.11-0.71). The delayed recall score identified three trajectories. Compared with the low-stable group, the high-rising group had an increased risk of AD (adjusted HR=3.38, 95%CI: 1.41-8.11).

MCI patients with lower verbal learning scores or higher delayed recall scores have a higher risk of developing AD.