To assess the level of residents’ sense of gain in basic public health services, analyze its potential categories and influencing factors, and explore the improvement direction in the supply of basic public health services.

Through multistage sampling, 1 383 adult residents who received public health services in Shanxi Province were surveyed by electronic questionnaire in July 2023, and the residents’ sense of gain and its influencing factors were explored based on latent profile analysis.

The average score of residents’ sense of gain in basic public health services on a percentile scale was (59.03±18.17). The residents’ sense of gain in basic public health services could be classified into four categories based on the scores in six dimensions: high sense of gain (37.88%), relatively high sense of gain (33.55%), relatively low sense of gain(15.83%), and low sense of gain (12.73%), and the sense of gain varied among residents with different educational attainment, monthly income and age.

The overall level of residents’ sense of gain in basic public health services is moderately high, indicating that the supply effect of basic public health services is relatively satisfactory. However, in light of the characteristics presented by different categories of residents, managers need to adopt differentiated strategies such as popularizing service projects and its free nature or intensifying precise publicity and education efforts for special groups.

Analyze the disease burden of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in females in China and globally to provide reference for the prevention and control of IBD in females.

The data on IBD in females in China and globally were extracted from the most recent update of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study available as of 2021. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR), age-standardized prevalence rates (ASPR), age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR), and age-standardized DALYs rates (ASDR) were calculated. Joinpoint analysis was used to estimate the annual percentage change (APC) and the average annual percentage change (AAPC).

From 1990 to 2021, the ASIR and ASPR of IBD among Chinese females showed upward trends, with AAPC of 2.1% and 1.55%, respectively. Meanwhile, ASMR and ASDR exhibited downward trends, with AAPC values of -3.45% and -3.67%, respectively. Globally, the ASIR of IBD in females increased at an AAPC of 0.17%, while ASPR, ASMR, and ASDR all demonstrated downward trends, with AAPC of -0.25%, -0.53%, and-0.58%, respectively.

Chinese females exhibit significantly higher growth rates in IBD incidence and prevalence compared to global female averages, while demonstrating more pronounced declines in mortality and DALYs burden than global female averages. Although current disease burden remains lower than the global average, the rapid escalation highlights substantial health threats.

To investigate the effect of proteasome activator PSME1 on proteasome function and antioxidant stress capacity in endothelial cells.

An adenoviral vector (Ad-PSME1) was used to transduce the target gene into human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) to establish PSME1-overexpressing endothelial cells. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of proteasome-related proteins; dot blot was employed to assess protein carbonylation levels; co-immunoprecipitation(Co-IP) was performed to examine the interaction between PSME1 and PSME2; fluorogenic substrate assays were used to determine proteasome activity;cycloheximide(CHX) chase experiments were conducted to evaluate protein degradation rates; pulse-chase assays were applied to measure the degradation rate of GFPu; and DNPH derivatization was used to detect protein carbonylation levels.

Overexpression of PSME1 in HUVECs increased the expression and prolonged the half-life of PSME2, enhanced chymotrypsin-like (β5) proteasome activity and ATP-dependent proteolytic function, and significantly shortened the half-life of misfolded protein GFPu(P<0.05). No significant effects were observed on the stability of endogenous UPS substrates(AKT, GATA4, and PTEN) or on the abundance of the 19S and 20S proteasome complexes (RPN2, RPT6, and PSMB5) (P>0.05). Additionally, PSME1 overexpression significantly reduced hydrogen peroxide-induced protein carbonylation levels and enhanced the antioxidant stress capacity of endothelial cells(P<0.05).

Overexpression of PSME1 stabilizes PSME2, enhances the function of the 11S regulatory particle, and improves the proteasome's ability to degrade misfolded and oxidatively damaged proteins, thereby protecting endothelial cells.

To investigate the association between the ratio of triglycerides (TG) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and the incidence of hypertension in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults, and to provide a reference for the development of hypertension intervention strategies.

This study included 6 231 participants from the baseline and 2015 follow-up data of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Logistic regression models were used to analyze the relationship between the TG/HDL-C ratio and the prevalence of hypertension in middle-aged and elderly populations. After excluding individuals diagnosed with hypertension before 2015, the cumulative TG/HDL-C ratio was calculated, and logistic regression models were employed to analyze the relationship between the cumulative TG/HDL-C ratio and the incidence of hypertension. Additionally, restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were used to fit the dose-response relationship between the cumulative TG/HDL-C ratio and the risk of hypertension in middle-aged and elderly populations.

From 2011 to 2015, 2 438 individuals (39.13%) were diagnosed with hypertension, and in 2015, 625 individuals (16.48%) developed hypertension. Logistic regression analysis revealed that an elevated TG/HDL-C ratio was significantly associated with an increased risk of hypertension (OR=1.02, 95% CI: 1.02-1.03). The highest quartile of the TG/HDL-C ratio was identified as a risk factor for hypertension (OR=1.34，95% CI：1.02-1.74). Furthermore, a linear association was observed between the cumulative TG/HDL-C ratio and the incidence of hypertension (P-nonlinear=0.232).

An elevated TG/HDL-C ratio is a risk factor for hypertension in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults.

To investigate the epidemiology and influencing factors of pre-treatment drug resistance (PDR) and acquired drug resistance(ADR) in Hebei Province.

Plasma samples were collected from HIV-1-infected individuals who were ART-naive or experiencing ART failure in Hebei Province from January 2022 to December 2023 to determine drug resistance profiles. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of drug resistance.

The overall prevalence of PDR were 9.19%, showing a moderate prevalence trend. The overall prevalence of ADR was 46.71%,presenting a high level of drug resistance and the phenomenon of cross drug resistance. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that start ART more than one year after diagnosis (OR=3.007, 95% CI: 1.185-7.633) and being infected with subtypes other than CRF07_BC, subtype B, and URFs (OR=3.227, 95% CI: 1.043-9.991) were risk factors for PDR. Non-farmer occupation(OR=1.787, 95% CI: 1.129-2.830) and 3-5 years treatment duration(OR=2.440, 95% CI: 1.422-4.185) were risk factors for ADR, while CD4+T-cell counts between 200-500 cells/μl (OR=0.382, 95% CI: 0.236-0.618) and above 500 cells/μl(OR=0.158, 95% CI: 0.083-0.299), second-line regimens containing LPV/r or BIC (OR=0.229, 95% CI: 0.083-0.629; OR=0.064,95% CI: 0.008-0.534), and CRF07_BC(OR=0.398, 95% CI: 0.245-0.647) were protective factors for ADR.

Monitoring of local PDR and ADR should be strengthened to know about the situation of drug resistance as early as possible, and targeted interventions should be taken to reduce the spread of HIV-1 drug-resistant strains.

To analyze the factors influencing of physical activity in frail older adults in nursing homes and their pathways based on the health ecology model.

A cluster combined with convenience sampling was used to select eligible elderly from 8 private nursing homes in Shanxi Province from July 2024 to January 2025. The general information questionnaires, International Physical Activity Questionnair-Short Form, Exercise Self-efficacy Scale, Exercise Benefits and Barriers Scale, Social Support Rating Scale and scale of the Elderly Self-neglect were used for the investigation, and a structural equation modeling was constructed.

Among the 352 study participants, 50.9% had low levels of physical activity. Elderly Self-neglect was negatively correlated with physical activity (r=-0.350, P<0.01), Exercise Self-efficacy,Exercise Benefits and Barriers, and Social Support were positively correlated with physical activity (r=0.512，0.236，0.625,respectively; P<0.01). Elderly Self-neglec had only a direct effect on physical activity (β=-0.182, P<0.001), whereas Exercise Self-efficacy, Exercise Benefits and Barriers in exercise, and Social Support had both direct and indirect effects on physical activity (direct effects β=0.254, 0.103, 0.493; indirect effects β=0.033, 0.086, 0.113, respectively; all P<0.001).

The prevalence of low physical activity among frail older adults in nursing homes is high. Particular attention should be given to the physical activity of frail older adults who are elderly, have a low level of education, and suffer from depression. Nursing staff can take comprehensive measures to enhance their exercise self-efficacy, strengthen their awareness of benefits of exercise, and provide adequate social support to reduce self-neglect, so as to promote their physical activity level and improve their health status.

To analyze the trend and influencing factors of stunting among infants and young children (IYC) aged 6-23 months in rural areas of Liuzhou from 2017 to 2023, to provide evidence for early prevention and intervention for stunting.

Children nutrition improvement projects monitoring survey data of 4 175 IYC in Liuzhou between 2017 and 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Complementary feeding practices were assessed using WHO/UNICEF 2021 IYC feeding indicators. The trend of stunting prevalence was analyzed by χ² trend test, and the risk factors of stunting were analyzed by logistic regression analysis.

The prevalence of stunting in the IYC in rural Liuzhou decreased from 11.52% in 2017 to 3.85% in 2023 (χ²_trend=41.914, P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that mothers of Miao ethnicity (OR=1.63, 95%CI: 1.13-2.37), mothers of Dong ethnicity (OR=1.74, 95% CI: 1.24-2.44), middle school and below education (primary school or below: OR=1.94, 95% CI: 1.22-3.08; middle school: OR=1.64, 95% CI: 1.10-2.44), preterm birth (OR=4.27,95% CI: 2.89-6.30), term SGA (OR=3.04, 95% CI: 2.25-4.09), boys (OR=1.96, 95% CI: 1.51-2.55), aged 12-23 months (OR=1.93, 95% CI: 1.45-2.57) , unmet minimum meal frequency (OR=1.45, 95% CI: 1.08-1.95) were risk factors for stunting.Mother's occupation as agriculture (OR=0.57, 95% CI: 0.37-0.87), father's occupation as non-agriculture (OR=0.45, 95% CI:0.30-0.68), feeding and nutrition knowledge scores (OR=0.78, 95% CI: 0.70-0.86) were protective factors.

The prevalence of stunting among IYC aged 6-23 months in rural areas of Liuzhou showed a decreasing trend from 2017 to 2023,but was higher than the national average level. Attention needs to be paid to preterm births, term SGA, mothers from ethnic minorities or with low educational level, and complementary feeding practices for IYC, in order to reduce the incidence of stunting.

To explore the cognition of medical staff within the tightly-knit county-level medical consortium in Xinyi County, Jiangsu Province regarding the reform of medical insurance payment methods and the influencing factors, and to provide references for deepening the reform of medical insurance payment methods within the medical consortium.

By using stratified cluster sampling method, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 415 medical staff within the medical consortium of Xinyi City from October 2021 to January 2022. The random forest model was employed to screen variables and multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the influencing factors.

Medical staff had a relatively high level of understanding of the medical insurance payment methods of disease-based payment (87.1%) and service-item-based payment (74.3%); they had a relatively high level of recognition of the medical insurance payment methods of disease-based payment (75.1%) and bundled payment based on medical consortium (51.7%). 91.7% of the medical staff were relatively familiar with the reform. The working institutions were township health centers and community health service centers (OR=2.300, 95% CI: 1.205-4.391), and medical staff with senior professional titles or above (OR=4.701, 95% CI: 1.610-13.727) had a relatively high level of understanding of the reform. 81.5% of the medical staff expressed their recognition of the reform. Doctors (OR=2.032, 95% CI: 1.459-2.828), nurses (OR=1.638, 95% CI: 1.073-2.501), medical staff with a master's degree or above (OR=2.399, 95% CI: 1.050-5.480), and medical staff with shorter working years (OR_11-15years=0.546, 95% CI: 0.327-0.911; OR_16-20years=0.516, 95% CI: 0.285-0.932; OR_≥21years=0.443, 95% CI:0.272-0.722) had a relatively high level of recognition of the reform.

The level of awareness and acceptance of new payment methods such as bundled payment for total medical expenses by medical staff within the tightly-knit county-level medical consortium still needs to be improved. It is suggested that measures such as stratified training and the introduction of talent incentive policies for grassroots medical institutions be adopted to enhance the awareness and recognition of medical staff.