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To investigate the epidemiology and influencing factors of pre-treatment drug resistance (PDR) and acquired drug resistance(ADR) in Hebei Province.
Plasma samples were collected from HIV-1-infected individuals who were ART-naive or experiencing ART failure in Hebei Province from January 2022 to December 2023 to determine drug resistance profiles. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of drug resistance.
The overall prevalence of PDR were 9.19%, showing a moderate prevalence trend. The overall prevalence of ADR was 46.71%,presenting a high level of drug resistance and the phenomenon of cross drug resistance. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that start ART more than one year after diagnosis (OR=3.007, 95% CI: 1.185-7.633) and being infected with subtypes other than CRF07_BC, subtype B, and URFs (OR=3.227, 95% CI: 1.043-9.991) were risk factors for PDR. Non-farmer occupation(OR=1.787, 95% CI: 1.129-2.830) and 3-5 years treatment duration(OR=2.440, 95% CI: 1.422-4.185) were risk factors for ADR, while CD4+T-cell counts between 200-500 cells/μl (OR=0.382, 95% CI: 0.236-0.618) and above 500 cells/μl(OR=0.158, 95% CI: 0.083-0.299), second-line regimens containing LPV/r or BIC (OR=0.229, 95% CI: 0.083-0.629; OR=0.064,95% CI: 0.008-0.534), and CRF07_BC(OR=0.398, 95% CI: 0.245-0.647) were protective factors for ADR.
Monitoring of local PDR and ADR should be strengthened to know about the situation of drug resistance as early as possible, and targeted interventions should be taken to reduce the spread of HIV-1 drug-resistant strains.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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