To explore the influence of family environment on depression in middle school students, and explore the role of coping styles in this process.

Amulti-level sampling method was conduct in Qingpu District. A total of 1 902 junior and senior school students from four middle schools were investigated. The questionnaires included self-designed questionnaire which was used for collecting the students’ information of gender, age, family environment and so on,coping style questionnaire for middle school students which was used for evaluating the scores of coping factors, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) which was used for evaluating the scores of depression. The t-Test, Mann-Whitney Test, Pearson correlation analysis and Spearman rank correlation analysis were used for difference analysis or correlation analysis, and the SPSS Process was used for Mediation analysis.

ThePHQ-9 scores of junior high school students in the adverse family environment (divorced/single-parent family, unharmonious family atmosphere, and non-wealthy family) were significantly higher than those in favorable family environment (non-divorced/single-parent family, harmonious family atmosphere, and wealthy family). Students in the adverse family environment scored higher in "problem-focused coping" and lower in "emotion-focused coping", while students in adverse family environment scored the opposite. The results of mediation analysis showed that "emotion-focused coping" played a partial mediating role in the relationship between depression and family structure (β=0.212, 95%CI:0.029-0.421) or family atmosphere (β=0.304, 95%CI:0.169-0.461) or family economic status (β=0.261, 95%CI:0.058-0.491) in the middle school students, and the mediation effect accounted for 9.83%, 15.13% and 13.85% of the total effect respectively. "Problem-focused coping" also played a partial mediating role in the relationship between depression and family structure (β=0.316, 95%CI:0.139-0.521) or family atmosphere (β=0.455, 95%CI:0.311-0.626) or family economic status (β=0.505, 95%CI:0.306-0.730) in the middle school students, and the mediation effect accounted for 14.68%, 22.72% and 26.75% of the total effect respectively.

The adverse family environment is a risk factor for depression in middle school students, and coping styles play a partial mediating role in this process.

To explore the effect of homework time on myopia of primary school students and evaluate its differences among different grades.

A total of 183 districts in 21 cities of Sichuan Province were selected as research sites. Two primary schools were randomly selected from each research site, and students in grades 4-6 were selected form the whole class basis. At least 80 students from each school were selected for visual screening and questionnaire survey. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the effect of homework duration on myopia.

47 054 students from grades 4 to 6 were included in the study, including 32.5% in grade 4, 33.4% in grade 5 and 34.0% in grade 6. The myopia rate of students in grades 4-6 was 50.3%, and it increased with the increase of grade. After controlling covariates, the average daily homework time<1 h was taken as reference, and the homework time of 1-2 hours was the risk factor for myopia (OR=1.059, P=0.008). Stratified by sex, the same effect was observed in male students (OR=1.102, P=0.001), and was most pronounced in male students in grade 5 (OR=1.123, P=0.026). The same effect was observed among students with good economic level (OR=1.097, P=0.005).

Homework may increase the risk of myopia of primary school students. It is suggested to arrange homework time scientifically and reasonably.

To explore the excess hospitalization and structural change in hospitalization costs of acute respiratory infections (novel coronavirus infection excluded) in Yantian, Shenzhen, as the changing epidemiological patterns of respiratory infections. To provide information for the development of evidence-based public health policies and the burden of disease control measures.

Adjusted Serfling regression models were used to estimate the excess hospitalization and degree of structural change and grey correlation analysis was employed to analyze the change in structure of hospitalization costs and the association of items, based on the data from the regional health information platform in Yantian District from 2020 to 2023.

In 2023, there were 1 698 excess hospitalization cases of acute respiratory infection, with an excess rate of 170.82%, accounting for 63.08% of the total number of hospitalizations. An increase in the number of viral and mycoplasma infections may be the reason for the excess hospitalization. There was a change in the structure of hospitalization costs, with the diagnostic category having the greatest value, contribution, and association with the structural change in costs.

There was a high excess hospitalization for acute respiratory infections and structural change in hospitalization costs was observed in 2023. Surveillance systems should be continuously improved to capture abnormal epidemics or excess hospitalizations to provide evidence for medical resource preparation and allocation. Clinical pathway management should be continuously strengthened to reduce the medical cost of patients.

To analyze the changes and influencing factors of female health literacy level in Nanchang, and to provide reference for intervention in female health literacy.

Based on the health literacy monitoring of residents in Nanchang from 2018 to 2023, analyze the data of 10 034 women in the effective sample. Conduct inter-group difference comparisons and influencing factor analyses on the health literacy levels of women with different characteristics by using the χ² test and Logistic regression model. And analyze the changes in the health literacy of women in Nanchang City using the χ² trend test.

From 2018 to 2023, the level of female health literacy in Nanchang showed rising year by year, increased from 17.87% to 30.80%. Health knowledge and concept as well as safety and first aid ranked first in three aspects and six dimensions of health literacy. The factors affecting female health literacy in Nanchang included regions, age, education, occupation and marriage. The health literacy level of urban women was 1.249 times higher than that of rural women (OR=1.249, 95%CI: 0.934-1.669; The health literacy level of women aged 35-44 was 93.5% higher than that of women aged 15-24; The health literacy level of women with junior college and above (OR=15.851, 95% CI: 12.525-20.060) was 15.851 times higher than that of women with primary school and below; The health literacy level of female civil servants/teachers and other employees of public institutions (OR=0.373, 95%CI: 0.252-0.553) and female farmers (OR=0.368, 95%CI: 0.231-0.585) were significantly lower than female medical staff; Unmarried women had a higher level of health literacy than married women by 45.5% (OR=0.545, 95%CI: 0.332-0.896).

The level of female health literacy in Nanchang has been improved. In the future, infectious and chronic disease prevention and basic medical literacy should be the key content. Focusing on key population such as women of farmers, the elderly, lower education level and low-income, targeted health education and promotion activities will be innovatively carried out to popularize healthy lifestyles and skills.

To provide a reference for the health department and to improve the medical quality by analyzing and evaluating the medical quality of public traditional Chinese medicine hospitals in Shandong Province from 2019 to 2022 comprehensively.

Based on the survey data of public TCM hospitals participating in performance appraisal in Shandong Province, the medical quality of public TCM hospitals in Shandong Province was comprehensively evaluated by using the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method, RSR method and the fuzzy combination method of the two.

According to the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method, the evaluation results of medical quality were the best in 2019, followed by 2022, with C values of 0.594 4 and 0.548 6, respectively, the evaluation results of RSR method were the best in 2022, followed by 2021, with RSR values of 0.750 0 and 0.688 0, respectively, and the best evaluation results of the two fuzzy joint methods were in 2022 and followed by 2021, and the three evaluation methods showed that the evaluation results of medical quality in 2020 were the worst.

Although the evaluation results of the entropy-weighted TOPSIS and RSR methods and the fuzzy joint method are slightly different, the trend is basically the same, and the medical quality of public TCM hospitals in Shandong Province has been improving year by year from 2019 to 2022. The fuzzy combination method of the two can reflect the evaluation results more scientifically and reasonably, and has certain reference significance for the improvement of medical quality level and management standards.

To study the control and structural change of hospitalization cost for malignant tumor and cardiovascular disease patients in a place in Anhui from 2020 to 2022, and to provide reference for reasonable control of medical cost and improvement of health insurance payment method reform.

Using the evaluation indexes of structural change value, structural change degree and structural change contribution rate, we analyzed the changes of hospitalization expenses and their influence degree on the total cost changes after DRG reform.

The average cost of hospitalization and the average number of days of hospitalization for both types of diseases decreased significantly after the DRG reform, with the highest contribution of structural changes in the cost of medicines (29.89%) and the cost of treatments (26.61%), respectively.

The effect of DRG on actual cost control and structural optimization is obvious; the cost component of the value of medical personnel’s technical labor still needs to be further improved; and the problem of "supporting doctors with tests" needs to be paid attention to.

To analyze and evaluate the prevention and control policies for thalassemia, identify the usage and distribution of policy tools, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the policies, and propose improvement suggestions.

From the perspective of policy instruments, an analytical framework of "policy tools-stakeholders" has been constructed. Utilizing the Policy Modeling Consistency (PMC) index model, a quantitative evaluation was conducted. The characteristics of policy tool usage were identified, problems in the policies were discovered, and strategies for policy optimization were explored.

The study found that the overall quality of Guangxi’s thalassemia prevention and control policies is relatively high, but there are also issues such as fewer joint documents issued by multiple departments, lack of demand-oriented policy tools (18.46%), slightly vague policy nature, and difficulty in balancing long-term and short-term policy effectiveness.

The prevention and treatment policy for Mediterranean anemia should start by enhancing the utilization of demand-driven tools, taking into account the short-term and long-term effectiveness of the policy, and mobilizing the participation of multiple stakeholders to improve policy quality.

To explore the attitude of medical students to premarital sex and its association with social ecological risk factors, so as to provide scientific basis for sex education in schools and relevant departments.

From September to November 2021, an anonymous survey was conducted among 1 280 students from a medical college in Shanxi Province, including general demographic characteristics, socio-ecological risk factors, and attitudes toward premarital sexual behavior.

There was 39.75 percent of the students who had a positive attitude toward premarital sex. After adjusting for general demographic characteristics, binary logistic regression analysis showed that in the household dimension, the approvingrate about premarital sex of high-risk group (OR=1.61, 95%CI: 1.01-2.54) was 1.61 times higher than in the low-risk group. In the time dimension, the approvingrate about premarital sex of medium-risk group (OR=1.57, 95%CI: 1.14-2.17) was 1.57 times more than the low-risk group, and compared with the low-risk group of the cultural dimension, the medium-risk group (OR=1.96, 95%CI: 1.43-2.69) and the high-risk group (OR=4.75, 95%CI: 3.24-6.97) were positively correlated with premarital sexual attitudes, that is, the higher the approval of premarital sex is, as the risk increased. The results of WQS model analysis showed that cultural dimension had the most influence on medical students’ attitudes towards premarital sexual behavior, accounting for 45.40%, meantime, time dimension and family dimension accounted for 15.60% and 14.40%, respectively.

The positive attitude of medical students towards premarital sexual behavior is the result of the comprehensive effect of social and ecological risk factors. Besides the high-risk family factors and the medium-risk time factors, the medium and high-risk cultural factors increase the approval of premarital sexual behavior of medical students. Then, the cultural factors have the most influences on the outcome.

To study the relationship between the education of offspring and the developmental trajectory of cognitive function in the rural elderly, and to explore the mediating effect of intergenerational support.

Based on seven waves of a special longitudinal survey spanning 18 years, a group-based trajectory model was used to identify the heterogeneous developmental trends of cognitive function in the rural elderly population. An unordered polytomous logistic regression was employed to study the association between offspring’s education and the developmental trajectory cognitive function among the rural elderly. The KHB method was utilized to analyze the mediating effect of intergenerational support.

A total of 1 342 elderly individuals, aged 60 to 100 years and having participated in at least two survey waves, were included. Three cognitive function trajectory groups were identified: the low decline group (19.75%), the moderate decline group (44.41%), and the high stability group (35.84%). Compared with subjects in the low decline group, those with higher levels of offspring education were more likely to belong to the moderate decline or high stability groups. Intergenerational support played a significant mediating role in this relationship, exhibiting a characteristic of need dependency. Furthermore, intergenerational economic support contributed the most to the mediating effect in each trajectory group, and robustness checks yielded similar results.

There is heterogeneity in the trajectories of cognitive function among the rural elderly. The educational achievements of offspring are an intrinsic driving force for the positive development of cognitive function in this demographic. At the same time, under the continuous impact of modern ideas and cultural waves, the traditional "filial piety culture" in rural areas of China remains deeply rooted.

To analyze the relationship between parental academic upward social comparison perception(PAUSCP) and mobile phone dependence tendency(MPDT) among children, and explore the chain mediation of learning boredom(LB) and academic self-handicapping(ASH).

In October 2023,1 024 higher primary school pupils were tested with parental academic upward social comparison perception scale, academic self-handicapping scale, learning boredom scale, and mobile phone dependence tendency scale,and process 4.3were used to analyze mediation.

Not detected tendency accounted for 54.78%, potential Children’s MPDT accounted for 27.25%, and MPDT accounted for 17.97%.Boys(χ²=10.975,P=0.004), grade(χ²=47.055,P<0.001), relationship with parents(χ²=28.453,P<0.001) and residence(χ²=14.128,P=0.007)was correlation factors. Total indirect effect of PAUSCP → MPDT was 0.115(95%CI:0.090,0.142), effect size P_M=58.67%.Indirect effect of PAUSCP→LB→MPDTwas 0.064(95%CI:0.042,0.090).Indirect effect PAUSCP→ASH→MPDT was 0.024(95%CI:0.013,0.038).Indirect effect of PAUSCP→LB→ASH→MPDT was 0.027(95%CI:0.018,0.040).

Parental academic upward social comparison perception can indirectlyaffect mobile phone dependence tendencyamong childrenthrough learning boredom and academic self-handicapping.