To analyze and explore the association between lifestyle scores and the risk of developing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the United States (US) population, and to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.

The samples of this study were collected from the 2007-2018 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. Logistic regression analysis was employed to assess the impact of healthy lifestyle and NAFLD. Further stratified analyses were conducted to investigate potential differences across gender, age, ethnicity, marital status, and education levels.

A total of 4 105 participants were included in this study, comprising 1 284 individuals with NAFLD (24.64%) and 2 821 individuals without NAFLD (75.36%). Compared to low lifestyle score, individuals with moderate (OR=0.372, 95% CI: 0.25-0.56, P=9.15×10^-6) and high lifestyle score (OR=0.091, 95% CI: 0.06-0.14, P=1.50×10^-17) had a lower risk of developing NAFLD. Stratified analyses revealed that this effect was more pronounced among males and individuals aged 60 and above.

Healthy lifestyle is associated with a decreased risk of NAFLD, and improving lifestyle score can be effective in preventing and treating NAFLD.

To investigate the effects of high-fat diet in pre-pregnancy and pregnancy on gut microbiota of neonatal rats.

Twelve 3-week-old Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) female Sprague-dawley (SD) rats after one week of adaptive feeding were randomly divided into control group and high-fat diet group according to body weight. The rats were fed basal diet or high-fat diet until 12-week-old in pre-pregnancy, respectively, and then mated with SPF male SD rats of the same age. Pregnancy was determined the next day when vaginal plugs were observed or sperms were found by vaginal smears. Pregnant rats were kept in single cages and the diet in pregnancy was the same as pre-pregnancy. The postnatal day 0.5 (PD 0.5) neonatal rats were collected and the body weights were measured. Intestine of PD 0.5 neonatal rats were collected, intestinal weights were measured and intestinal coefficients were calculated. Histopathology and related genes detection of ileum and colon were performed. Total bacterial DNA of intestinal contents was extracted and the gut microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Data was analyzed by t test or Mann-Whitney U test.

Compared with control group, there were no significant difference in the body weight, intestinal weight and intestinal coefficient in PD 0.5 neonatal rats of high-fat diet group(t=-0.682, P=0.499; t=0.269, P=0.790; t=0.674, P=0.506); there were no difference in intestinal histopathological changes; the gene expression level of Claudin-1, Lysozyme, Reg3γ (regenerating islet derived protein 3 gamma) and Alpha-defensin 5 of colon in PD 0.5 neonatal rats of high-fat diet group were increased significantly(t=-3.136，P=0.011; t=-3.303, P=0.019; t=-3.093, P=0.011; t=-3.575, P=0.005); there were no significant difference in α diversity and β diversity of gut microbiota(t=-1.407, P=0.190; t=-1.410, P=0.189; t=-2.017, P=0.071; U=6.000, P=0.055; F=1.030，P=0.141); the abundance of Ruminococcus, Phascolarctobacterium, Lachnospiracea_incertae_sedis, Veillonella and Flavobacterium and Bacteroides_sp._SLC1-38 increased significantly(U=3.500, P=0.013; U=7.000, P＝0.050; U=6.000, P=0.022; U=6.000, P=0.022; U=7.000, P＝0.050; U=3.000, P=0.007). The Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) analysis found that Escherella/Shigella, Ruminococcus, Phascolarctobacterium, Lachnospiracea_incertae_sedis and Bacteroides_SP._SLC1-38 were bacteria with effects on the differences in high-fat diet group greater than the set value.

High-fat diet in pre-pregnancy and pregnancy increased the abundance of metabolically related bacteria and pathogenic bacteria in the gut of PD 0.5 neonatal rats.

To study the causal effects of generalized anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, sleep disorder, and psoriasis by two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis.

The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with four psychiatric traits and psoriasis were screened from the genome-wide association study (GWAS) data base. The relationships between exposures and outcome were analyzed by inverse variance weighting (IVW) method, weighted median (WM) method, and MR-Egger method. The results were mainly evaluated by P value of IVW, odds ratio (OR), and 95% confidence interval (CI). IVW, MR Egger, and MR-PRESSO were used for sensitivity analysis.

The IVW results showed that there was a causal effect between schizophrenia and the risk of psoriasis (OR=1.002,95%CI: 1.000-1.003, P=0.023). In the heterogeneity test, the Cochran’s Q test of the IVW method reported P value of 0.104 and I² of 19.06%, the MR-PRESSO test in the pleiotropy test reported P value of 0.106, and the regression intercept of MR Egger reported P value of 0.272. The sensitivity analysis results were robust, and the results did not show heterogeneity and pleiotropy. No causal relationship was found for generalized anxiety disorder (OR=1.000, 95%CI: 0.999-1.001, P=0.791), major depressive disorder (OR=1.002, 95%CI: 0.998-1.005, P=0.246), sleep disorder (OR=0.999, 95%CI: 0.996-1.001, P=0.614) with psoriasis.

There is a causal relationship between schizophrenia and the risk of psoriasis. Patients with schizophrenia should strengthen the screening and prevention of psoriasis in order to reduce the risk of psoriasis.

To establish a rapid method for the determination of 33 organophosphorus pesticide residues in four different fruit and vegetable substrates (common type, high pigment type, high fat type, and high sugar type) by QuEChERs pretreatment combined with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS), so as to provide technical support for simultaneous detection and food safety risk assessment of organophosphorus pesticides in different fruits and vegetables.

The samples were extracted with acetonitrile and sodium citrate-disodium hydrogen citrate buffer at the same time, purified with ethylenediamine-N-propyl silane (PSA), octadecylsilane bonded silica gel (C₁₈), and graphitized carbon black (GCB). After nitrogen blowing concentration, the samples were re-dissolved with acetone and detected by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry under multi-reaction ion monitoring (MRM) mode. Quantifications were based on internal standard curves.

The method had good linear relationship in the range of 50 μg/L to 500 μg/L, with the correlation coefficients greater than 0.9950. The detection limits were within 1.50 to 5.04 μg/kg, and the limits of quantification were within 5.01 to 16.78 μg/kg. In the range of 0.040 to 0.200 mg/kg, the average recoveries ranged from 71.4% to 119.1%, with the relative standard deviations less than 12%.

The method is simple and rapid, with high accuracy and precision, which is suitable for the rapid detection and quantitative analysis of 33 organophosphorus pesticide residues in different fruit and vegetable substrates.

To investigate the epidemic characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous region from 2012 to 2022, and to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and control of pulmonary tuberculosis in Guilin.

The relevant information of pulmonary tuberculosis cases reported by China Disease Prevention and Control Information system (Tuberculosis Surveillance and Report Management system) from 2012 to 2022 in Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous region was collected. The distribution characteristics and incidence trend of pulmonary tuberculosis in Guilin from 2012 to 2022 were analyzed by chi-square and chi-square trend, and the average annual reported incidence and etiological positive rate of pulmonary tuberculosis were visually analyzed.

From 2012 to 2022, a total of 32 319 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were reported in Guilin, with an average annual incidence of 59.40/100 000. The reported incidence of tuberculosis decreased from 68.59/100 000 in 2012 to 45.99/100 000 in 2022, with an annual decline rate of 4.08%. In total 12 132 cases were etiologically positive, accounting for 37.53%. The incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis decreased in all age groups in Guilin. The incidence increased with age (Z=21.017, P < 0.001). The reported incidence of males and females was basically stable at 3:1, and the reported incidence of males was higher than that of females (χ²=25.87, P < 0.001). Farmers were the main occupations of patients (23 375 cases), accounting for 72.32%. The reported incidence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis in more than half of the counties (districts) in Guilin was higher than the annual average level of the whole city, with Lipu county (88.96/100 000) being the highest. The etiological positive rate of most counties (districts) was higher than the average annual level of the whole city, with Pingle county (31.65/100 000) being the highest.

The reported incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Guilin shows an overall downward trend from 2012 to 2022. The high incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis is characterized by age 65 and above, male, occupation as farmer, and the place of residence in the south of Guilin.

To understand the external environmental dynamic distribution and human infection characteristics of H7 subtype avian influenza virus in Jiangxi Province, so as to provide basis for scientific prevention and control of avian influenza.

The surveillance information of avian influenza in the external environment of Jiangxi Province from 2013 to 2022 and the data of human infection with H7 subtype avian influenza were systematically collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods.

A total of 15 535 external environment samples were collected from 2013 to 2022, and the positive rate of H7 subtype was 1.85% (287/15 535). Positive samples were detected for 9 consecutive years since 2014, and the annual positive rate showed a downward trend as a whole (χ²_trend=2.168, P=0.231). The positive rate of H7 subtype in the external environment of Ganzhou city (2.96%), Nanchang city (2.77%) and Jiujiang city (2.66%) was higher, and there was significant difference in the positive rate among different regions (χ²=70.145 P < 0.001). The peak of positive rate was mainly in winter and spring (64.11%), and there was significant difference in different seasons (χ²=69.280, P < 0.001). There was a significant difference in the positive rate among different types of samples (χ²=16.948, P=0.005). A total of 52 cases of H7 subtype avian influenza were reported in Jiangxi Province from 2013 to 2022, mainly farmers, retirees, and migrant workers, accounting for 76.92%of cases over 45 years old. The time of onset was mainly in winter and spring, and 76.92% of the cases had history of poultry exposure. There was no significant correlation between the number of H7N9 avian influenza cases and the positive rate of H7 subtype in different months (Spearman coefficient = 0.515, P=0.087).

Although the positive rate of H7 subtype in the external environment of Jiangxi Province is low, the risk of human infection still exists. Etiological surveillance and comprehensive prevention and control measures should be carried out continuously to reduce the potential risk of human infection.

To explore the key influencing factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR), analyze the current situation of DR, and construct a risk prediction model.

Based on the diabetic complication early warning data set published by the national population and health science data sharing platform, the key influencing factors of DR were obtained by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses. The entropy weighting method, the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), and the rank-sum ratio (RSR) were used to quantify the risk of DR development in patients and stratified into three levels: high, medium, and low. Logistic regression, random forest, and support vector machine models were constructed, respectively, and model fusion was performed using voting, averaging, and weighted averaging to evaluate the model predictive effect and obtain the best predictive model.

Finally, 14 indexes including age and hyperlipidemia were extracted as key influencing factors. The stratification results showed that there were 50 diabetic patients without DR in this data set with a risk of about 82.99%, which was a high-risk group for DR and needed more attention. The best prediction effect was obtained from the voting machine fusion model (Acc: 80.18%, F1: 0.7868).

The key influencing factors of DR are analyzed, providing the direction of treatment and prevention. The low, medium, and high-risk groups of DR are classified for risk early warning. By comparing the effect between the models, the prediction model of morbidity risk of DR is constructed, providing insights for clinical early warning and data analysis.

To analyze the epidemic characteristics of pertussis in Yangzhou City in 2022 and the vaccine effectiveness(VE) of acellular pertussis vaccine (aPV) against pertussis, and to explore the influencing factors of the case surge under the high vaccine coverage, as well as the responding strategies.

The clinical data of pertussis patients were analyzed using a matched case-control study with the ratio of 1:2 to investigate the vaccine effectiveness of aPV in preventing pertussis.

The incidence-age curve showed the “U-shape”. The incidence of infants at the age of 3 months was higher, which was 127.8/100 000. The second peak occurred in children aged 5 to 7 years, with the incidence exceeding 60/100 000. Among the cases, the breakthrough cases accounted for 86.0%, and the clinical symptoms such as complications of the breakthrough cases were better than those of the unimmunized cases. The total VE of aPV in preventing pertussis was 86.10% (95%CI: 34.70%-97.04%), the VE of 1 dose of aPV in preventing pertussis was 85.35% (95%CI: 31.10%-96.89%), the VE of 4 doses of aPV was 98.20% (95%CI: 74.28%-99.88%), and the VE of onset-vaccination interval less than 1 year was 85.72% (95%CI: 32.8%-99.00%), indicating that the increased duration of time after vaccination was a risk factor for pertussis.

Currently, the immunization strategy of pertussis does not match the epidemic characteristics, and the risk of pertussis is high in infants at the age of 3 months and school-age children. The protective effect of aPV is not timely, so it is necessary to further modify and improve the pertussis immunization strategy, especially to consider the application of pertussis immunization in school-age children.

To explore the relationship between sleep disorder, depression, and health-related quality of life in the elderly, and the mediating effect of depression on sleep disorder and health-related quality of life.

In total 3 612 elderly people over 60 years old in Hebei Province were selected by stratified random sampling, and the related data were collected with the use of Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), the simplified geriatric depression scale (GDS-15), and concise health quality of life scale (SF-36).

There was a positive correlation between sleep disorder and depression in the elderly (r = 0.39, P < 0.001), and a negative correlation between sleep disorder, depression, and health-related quality of life (r = -0.43 and -0.40, P < 0.001). Sleep disorders and depression in the elderly had negative predictive effects on health-related quality of life (β =-0.26, -0.194,-0.43, and -0.520), and depression played a mediating role between sleep disorders and physical health-related quality of life in the elderly, accounting for 39.29% of the total effect. Depression played a mediating role between sleep disorders and mental health-related quality of life in the elderly, and the intermediary effect accounted for 51.57% of the total effect.

The health-related quality of life of the elderly with sleep disorder and depression is poor. Sleep disorder of the elderly not only directly affects the health-related quality of life, but also indirectly affects the physical and mental health-related quality of life of the elderly through depression.

To explore the mediating effect of self-perceived aging on the relationship between digital health literacy and technophobia of the rural elderly.

By using the method of multi-stage sampling, 503 rural elderly in Hebei Province were investigated by general data questionnaire, technophobia scale, simplified self-perceived aging scale, and digital health literacy assessment scale from July to August, 2023. The mediating effect test program was used for mediating analysis and Bootstrap test was used for verification.

The scores of technophobia, self-perceived aging, and technophobia of the elderly in rural areas of Hebei Province were 36.40±10.22, 51.99±8.24, and 39.76±13.82, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis showed that digital health literacy was negatively correlated with technophobia and self-perceived aging (r=0.433, P < 0.001; r=0.454, P < 0.001), while self-perceived aging was positively correlated with technophobia (r=0.401, P < 0.001). The mediating effect test results showed that self-perceived aging had mediating effect between digital health literacy and technophobia of the rural elderly, and the mediating effect accounted for 40.0%.

Digital health literacy and self-perceived aging of the elderly directly affect technophobia. At the same time, digital health literacy can also indirectly affect technophobia through self-perceived aging.