To construct a preliminary quality evaluation index system for the centralized hospitalization treatment of infectious tuberculosis (TB), and to provide a reference basis for further promoting centralized hospitalization treatment of TB.

Based on Donabedian’s “structure-process-result” theoretical framework, the Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process were used toconstruct the content of the index system and determine the weights of the indicators.

The active coefficients of experts in both rounds are 100%, the authority index of experts is 0.918 and 0.922, and the Kendall harmony coefficients of first level, second level, and third level indicators are 0.168(χ²=8.400, P=0.015), 0.174(χ²=104.355, P<0.001), and 0.112(χ²=232.560, P<0.001) respectively, the difference was statistically significant. The final index system consists of 3 primary indicators, 25 secondary indicators, and 84 tertiary indicators.

The quality evaluation index system of centralized hospitalization treatment for infectious tuberculosis constructed in this study has a high degree of representativeness and authority, with a more standardized construction of indicators and a more reasonable distribution of weights, which lays the foundation for subsequent research.

To investigate the prevalence of physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity patterns and their impact on the risk of falls among older adults in China.

Data were drawn from the CHARLS 2018-2020. A total of 6 431 participants aged 60 years and older were included. Physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity patterns were assessed in 2018 using self-reported physician-diagnosed diseases, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and the Mini-Mental State Examination. Falls were assessed in 2020 by self-reported fall events in the past two years. Poisson regression models with robust standard errors were used to analyse the association between multimorbidity patterns and the risk of falls.

1 228(19.1%) out of 6 431 participants aged 60 years and older had experienced a fall in the past two years. In terms of the physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity pattern, the highest proportion of older adults had only physical illnesses (33.9%), followed by physical illnesses plus cognitive impairment (17.8%) and physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity (16.9%). The lowest proportions were observed for older adults with psychological illnesses plus cognitive impairment (2.2%) and those with only psychological illnesses (1.6%). Compared with older adults without any illnesses, the risk of falling increased by 73%(aRRs: 1.73, 95%CI: 1.33-2.26), 83%(aRRs: 1.83, 95%CI: 1.11-3.03), 70%(aRRs: 1.70, 95%CI: 1.29-2.23), 164%(aRRs: 2.64, 95%CI: 2.02-3.43), and 182%(aRRs: 2.82, 95%CI: 2.17-3.67) for those with only physical illnesses, only psychological illnesses, physical illnesses plus cognitive impairment, physical plus psychological illnesses, and physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity, respectively.

Most combinations of physical, psychological, and cognitive disorders increase the risk of falls in older adults. Compared with older adults without any illness, the risk of falling was significantly elevated for those with comorbid physical and psychological illnesses, and the risk was highest for those with physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity. Interventions are needed to reduce the risk of falls in older adults with physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity.

To analyze the status and influencing factors of medical care-seeking delay among tuberculosis patients in Zhuhai from 2005 to 2024, and to provide a basis for optimizing TB prevention and control strategies.

Information on registered PTB in Zhuhai from 2005 to 2024 was collected. A descriptive analysis was conducted on the characteristics of medical care-seeking delay. The Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the trend of delay, and unconditional logistic regression was employed to analyze its influencing factors.

A total of 21 772 PTB cases were registered in Zhuhai from 2005 to 2024, with an overall delay rate of 33.73%. Comparative analysis showed statistically significant differences in delay rates among patients of different ethnicities, ages, occupations, household registration types, sources of patients, treatment categories, diagnostic results, and etiological test results (P<0.05). Compared with individuals under 25 years old, those aged 25-64 (OR=1.158, 95%CI: 1.068-1.256) and those aged 65 and above (OR=1.301, 95%CI:1.151-1.471) were at higher risk of delayed medical care-seeking. Factors associated with an increased risk of delay included local household registration (OR=1.303, 95%CI: 1.226-1.384), retreatment patients (OR=2.074, 95%CI: 1.907-2.257), tuberculous pleurisy (OR=1.508, 95%CI: 1.292-1.760), and bacteriologically positive TB (OR=1.207, 95%CI: 1.137-1.282). Protective factors against delay included active case finding (OR=0.413, 95% CI: 0.335-0.507), working in public places or commercial services (OR=0.803, 95%CI: 0.665-0.969), and being retired or unemployed (OR=0.818, 95%CI: 0.699-0.958).

The rate of delayed medical care-seeking among tuberculosis patients in Zhuhai is relatively high. Efforts should be made to improve the accessibility of medical services, enhance health education on PTB, and conduct active screening for key populations in order to further reduce the delay in seeking medical attention.

To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) among middle-aged and elderly populations in Xizang, and to develop a nomogram prediction model for assessing CMM risk, thereby providing evidence-based references for disease prevention and control strategies.

Utilizing data from the Xizang survey site of the Southwest China Natural Population Cohort Study, a total of 3 012 participants were included for statistical analysis. Chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression were employed to identify determinants of CMM, followed by construction of a nomogram prediction model. The model’s performance was validated through Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit testing and calibration curve analysis.

Among 3 012 participants, the prevalence of cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) was 25.1%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified the following independent risk factors: advanced age (≥65 years: OR=2.484, 95%CI：1.967-3.138), male gender (OR=1.636, 95%CI：1.363-1.963), nocturnal sleep duration <7 hours (OR=1.527, 95%CI：1.101-2.118), frequent snoring (OR=1.392, 95%CI：1.095-1.769), poor self-rated health (OR=2.141, 95%CI：1.606-2.853), BMI ≥28 kg/m² (OR=1.993, 95%CI：1.498-2.651), and central obesity (OR=1.674, 95%CI: 1.345-2.083). The model demonstrated satisfactory goodness-of-fit (Hosmer-Lemeshow χ²=2.430, P=0.965) with calibration curve analysis showing excellent agreement between predicted and observed probabilities.

Preventive strategies should prioritize middle-aged and elderly individuals with the identified risk profiles: advanced age (≥65 years), male gender, nocturnal sleep deprivation (<7 hours), frequent snoring, suboptimal self-rated health, overweight/obesity, and central obesity. The nomogram model developed based on these influencing factors demonstrates certain predictive value for assessing CMM risk in middle-aged and elderly populations in Xizang.

To investigate the independent and joint effects of long-term exposure to air pollutants on the metabolic syndrome risk in adults.

Data were obtained from the surveillance and investigation of chronic diseases and risk factors in Hubei Province from 2018 to 2020. The daily average concentrations of PM_2.5, PM₁₀, NO₂, SO₂, O₃, and CO at 1-kilometre spatial resolution were matched according to participants’ residential addresses, and the average levels of these air pollutants over the 1-year period before the survey conducted were calculated to assign individual-level exposure. Multilevel logistic regression and weighted quantile sum regression models were applied to evaluate the independent and joint effects of air pollutant exposure on the risk for metabolic syndrome, respectively.

A total of 24 322 adults were included in the final analysis, with a metabolic syndrome prevalence of 39.8%. Higher exposure to PM_2.5(OR=1.011, 95%CI:1.001-1.020) and O₃ (OR=1.012, 95%CI: 1.005-1.018) were associated with an increased risk for metabolic syndrome. Subgroup analyses showed that exposure to PM_2.5 was positively associated with risk for metabolic syndrome among rural residents (OR=1.018, 95%CI: 1.006-1.030), and the positive association between exposure to O₃ and metabolic syndrome were found in adults beyond 60 years (OR=1.015, 95%CI: 1.008-1.023) and those physically active (OR=1.015, 95%CI: 1.008-1.022). The WQS regression revealed a positive association between long-term exposure to air pollutant mixtures and the metabolic syndrome risk (OR=1.188, 95%CI: 1.129-1.251), with O₃, CO, and PM_2.5 contributing 44.3%, 34.8%, and 20.8% to the joint effect, respectively.

Both long-term individual and joint exposures to air pollutants are positively associated with metabolic syndrome risk in adults, with the joint exposure showing a stronger adverse effect primarily driven by O₃, CO, and PM_2.5. To mitigate metabolic syndrome risk in adults, comprehensive prevention and control strategies should be implemented to reduce exposure to air pollutants.

To construct a machine learning model based on Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) and Growth Differentiation Factor-8 (GDF-8, Myostatin) for predicting sarcopenia in lung cancer patients, with the aim of improving early detection and diagnostic capabilities, providing personalized nutrition and treatment recommendations, and enhancing patients’ health status and prognosis.

A total of 263 primary lung cancer patients hospitalized at Karamay Central Hospital between October 2023 and July 2024 were selected as research subjects. Data on gender, age, BMI, IGF-1, GDF-8, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and other variables were collected. Patients were divided into a sarcopenia group and a non-sarcopenia group according to the criteria established by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGSOP). Univariate analysis and LASSO regression analysis were used to identify risk factors for sarcopenia in primary lung cancer patients. The selected risk factors were incorporated into the K-nearest neighbors (KNN) algorithm model, Gaussian Naive Bayes (GNB), and binary logistic regression models, using the R software. Internal validation was performed using the Bootstrap method.

A total of 263 patients were investigated, with 137 in the sarcopenia group and 126 in the non-sarcopenia group. The sarcopenia group had significantly higher proportions of alcohol consumption, IL-4, IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α, GDF-8, blood urea nitrogen, and low-density lipoprotein, while BMI, smoking, PSQI score, IGF-1, and platelet count were significantly lower than those in the non-sarcopenia group (all P<0.05). The ROC curve showed that the C-index of the KNN model was 0.936, the C-index of the GNB model was 0.935, both significantly better than the binary logistic regression model’s C-index of 0.926. The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test showed that the average prediction error between the predicted and actual values of the KNN model, GNB model, and binary logistic regression model were 0.026 9, 0.018 8, and 0.028 7, respectively, with the GNB model significantly outperforming the KNN model and the binary logistic regression model. The prediction results of the GNB model were highly consistent with the observed outcomes. DCA curves demonstrated that the GNB model outperformed both the KNN model and the binary logistic regression model in predicting sarcopenia risk in lung cancer patients.

High levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and GDF-8, low levels of IGF-1 and albumin, poor sleep quality, and low BMI are independent risk factors for sarcopenia in lung cancer patients. The GNB prediction model constructed in this study significantly outperforms both the KNN model and the binary logistic regression model, providing precise and individualized predictions for sarcopenia risk in lung cancer patients. This model can offer personalized nutrition and treatment recommendations for clinical practice, improving patients’ health status and prognosis.

To assess the relationship between the Life’s Crucial 9 (LC9) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI).

Data based on 4 550 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database from 2007 to 2018 were analyzed. Subjects were categorized into T1, T2, and T3 groups based on LC9 tertiles. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between LC9 and SUI with parallel trend analysis. Stratified Logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between LC9 and SUI in different groups. Restricted cubic spline was used to explore the quantitative relationship between LC9 and SUI.

All three models showed a negative correlation between LC9 and SUI incidence (all P<0.001). After adjusting for various covariates, each 10-point increase in LC9 was associated with a 16% reduction in SUI incidence (OR=0.84, 95% CI: 0.79-0.88). T3 was associated with a 40% reduction in SUI incidence compared with T1 (OR=0.60, 95% CI: 0.50-0.72). The results of restricted cubic spline curve (RCS) analysis further showed a significant linear negative association between LC9 and SUI incidence after adjustment for relevant variables (overall P<0.001; nonlinear P=0.261). There was a significant interaction between LC9 score and history of vaginal delivery (P<0.05). Higher LC9 scores in patients with SUI (n=2 047) were significantly associated with mortality from cardiovascular events in SUI (HR=0.10, 95% CI: 0.01-0.79).

LC9 is negatively associated with morbidity and mortality from SUI, and good quality of life management may be a potential strategy to reduce SUI incidence and mortality.

To analyze the vaccination status of hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) among children born to HBsAg positive mothers in Qingdao City, to investigate factors influencing the vaccination timeliness of HepB.

Vaccination data of HepB among children born to HBsAg positive mothers in Qingdao City from 2020 to 2022 was obtained from Shandong immunization information systems. The vaccination rates and timely vaccination rates of HepB were analyzed, and multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors influencing vaccination timeliness.

A total of 6 232 children born to HBsAg positive mothers were included. The vaccination rate of first dose of HepB (HepB₁) was 100%, and the timely vaccination rate (within 12 hours of birth) of HepB₁ was 84.88%. The full-course vaccination rate of HepB was 99.73%, and the timely full-course vaccination rate (within six months of birth) was 73.38%. Multivariate logistic regression showed that born in 2021 (OR=1.51, 95%CI: 1.26-1.80), born in 2022 (OR=4.92, 95%CI: 3.91-6.20), born in county-level hospitals (OR=1.65, 95%CI: 1.38-1.96) and private hospitals (OR=2.57, 95%CI: 1.88-3.50), birth weight ≥2.5kg (OR=2.89, 95%CI: 1.88-4.44), gestational age at birth ≥37 weeks (OR=1.83, 95%CI: 1.28-2.61), birth time not between 3 PM and 9 PM (OR=12.63, 95%CI: 10.69-14.95) were promoting factors for the vaccination timeliness of HepB₁; Female (OR=1.13, 95%CI: 1.01-1.26) was a promoting factor for the vaccination timeliness of full-course HepB; Gestational age at birth ≥37 weeks (OR=0.73, 95%CI: 0.57-0.95), second birth (OR=0.77, 95%CI: 0.68-0.86), third birth and above (OR=0.57, 95%CI: 0.46-0.70) were risk factors for the vaccination timeliness of full-course HepB.

The vaccination rates of HepB₁ and full-course HepB among children born to HBsAg positive mothers in Qingdao City were maintained at a high level, but the timely vaccination rates were relatively low. We should take targeted measures to improve the vaccination timeliness of HepB.

To describe and analyze the willingness of married women of childbearing age in Guangxi to have children again and the factors affecting them, to understand the reproductive supporting policies expected by women of childbearing age, and to provide a reference basis for the government to optimize the reproductive policy and improve the supporting measures.

Based on the data from the Seventh National Health Service Survey of Guangxi in 2023, women aged 20-49 years old who were married with one or two children were taken as the study subjects, and their willingness to have another child and their influencing factors were analyzed by multifactorial logistic regression.

Of the 934 married women of childbearing age who had children, 12.10% had the desire to have another child. The results of multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that the married fertile women aged 30-34 years(OR=0.241, 95%CI: 0.111-0.520), 35-39 years(OR=0.162, 95%CI: 0.075-0.350), 40-44 years(OR=0.066, 95%CI: 0.029-0.151), 45-49 years(OR=0.027, 95%CI: 0.011-0.070) and married women of childbearing age who already had two children(OR=0.094, 95%CI: 0.057-0.156) had a lower intention to have another child. The top reason for no longer wanting to have children was financial burden (73.91%). In the survey on complementary policies to address the desire to have more children, the accessibility of education resources and a lighter education burden (29.55%) ranked first.

In Guangxi, the overall willingness of married women of childbearing age to have children again is low, and economic factors are the most important reason affecting childbearing, so government departments need to improve the relevant policies on childbearing, education, housing subsidies and so on.

To analyze and quantify the evaluation of China’s hepatitis B prevention and control policies, providing a reference for the formulation and improvement of subsequent related policies.

Taking the hepatitis B prevention and control policies issued at the national level as the research object, with policy documents retrieved from official sources such as the PKULaw Database, the Chinese Government Website, and the National Health Commission, and a retrieval deadline up to December 1, 2024, text mining was conducted on the policy documents, while a PMC index model was constructed to quantitatively evaluate representative policies.

The average PMC score of 9 policies was 6.79, which was generally good,of which 1 was excellent, 6 were good, and 2 were qualified, the 9 policies were in the first-level variables X1 policy nature (0.89 points), X5 policy timeliness (0.89 points), The X7 policy receptor (0.89 points) scored high, and the X3 policy structure (0.58 points) and X6 policy domains (0.51 points) scored lower.

The overall quality of hepatitis B prevention and treatment policies in China is relatively high, but it needs to be further improved in terms of policy structure, policy areas, policy quantity, and issuing agencies.