To study the causal relationship between tea intake and the incidence of colorectal cancer using two-sample Mendelian randomization.

Using the colorectal cancer genome-wide association analysis data (GWAS ID: ieu-b-4965) and tea intake genome-wide association analysis data (GWAS ID: ukb-b-6066) in the IEU OPEN GWAS public database, we summarized and screened the two data sets for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) which were closely related to and independent of tea intake as instrumental variables (IVs). By using MR-Egger and inverse variance weighting in two-sample Mendelian randomization, Five methods (IVW), weighted median method (Weighted Median), simple model (Simple Mode) and weighted model (Weighted Mode) were used to determine the causal analysis between tea intake and the incidence of colorectal cancer. OR and 95% CI were used to examine the causal relationship between tea intake and the incidence of colorectal cancer. MR-PRESSO was used for outlier testing. IVW (Cochran Q test) and MR-Egger (Rücker Q test) were used for heterogeneity analysis. Egger-intercept was used for pleiotropy test, sensitivity analysis was performed by leave-one-out method, and funnel plot was used to analyze the presence of potential bias.

39 SNPs were finally included, and MR-PRESSO found no outlier SNPs, P=0.237>0.05; in terms of causality determination: IVW (OR=0.996, 95% CI:0.990-1.002, P=0.293), MR-Egger (OR=0.992, 95% CI:0.977-1.007, P=0.293), Weighted Median (OR=0.997, 95% CI: 0.987-1.007, P=0.479), Simple Mode (OR=0.996, 95% CI: 0.976-1.017, P=0.724), Weighted Mode (OR=0.996, 95% CI: 0.985-1.007, P=0.473). The above results showed that there was no causal relationship between tea intake and the incidence of colorectal cancer. In the heterogeneity test, P=0.181>0.05 in Cochran Q test and P=0.167>0.05 in Rucker Q test. There was no significant heterogeneity. The Egger-intercept test showed that P=0.489>0.05 and was not pleiotropic. The leave-one-out method was removed one by one, and no SNPs significantly affecting the results were found. The funnel plot was basically symmetrical, indicating that the main results were reliable.

There is no causal relationship between tea intake and the incidence of colorectal cancer.

To develop an ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the determination of eleven organophosphorus and ten neonicotinoid pesticides in vegetables.

Pesticides in sample were extracted with acetonitrile, cleaned up using a sorbent mixture of magnesium sulfate anhydrous, PSA and C₁₈. The separation was performed on a HSS T3 column. Detection was operated on multiple reaction monitoring scan under positive electrospray ionization. Matrix-matched external standard calibration curves were used for quantification.

The linear rang of calibration curves ranged from 0.50-100 ng/ml. Good linearities (r>0.999) were obtained for all 21 pesticides. The average recoveries were 76.0%-119.3% with RSD<10% for all the analytes. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.02-1.7 μg/kg and 0.06-5.7 μg/kg, respectively. This method was applied to analyze 76 vegetable samples from market. Nine target pesticides were detected in 26 samples, with a contents of 0.012-3.16 mg/kg.

This method is simple, sensitive, and accurate, and it is suitable for the determination of organophosphorus and neonicotinoid pesticide residues in vegetables.

To investigate the detection rate of osteosarcopenia in the elderly in the community of Shihezi city and to analyze its influencing factors.

From March to July 2023, a stratified random sampling method was used to select the elderly over 60 years old in Shihezi community for on-site questionnaire survey and physical measurement. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors.

Among 1 051 elderly people, the detection rate of osteosarcopenia was 21.9% (230 people). Multivariate analysis showed that BMI (OR=0.78, 95% CI: 0.712-0.857), comorbidities (OR=1.774, 95% CI: 1.106-2.845), fracture history (OR=3.493, 95% CI: 1.748-6.979), duration of menopause (OR=1.080, 95% CI: 1.013-1.152), drinking strong tea OR coffee or carbonated drinks (OR=5.161, 95% CI: 2.731-9.752), sedentary inactivity (OR=1.899, 95% CI: 1.073-3.363), malnutrition (OR=4.601, 95% CI: 2.352-9.000), married (OR=0.041, 95% CI: 0.007-0.247), living alone (OR=3.404, 95% CI: 1.335-8.683), social frailty (OR=5.669, 95% CI: 3.852-10.674), low income (OR=2.248, 95% CI: 1.053-4.798) and employee medical insurance (OR=0.138, 95% CI: 0.037-0.510) and resident medical insurance (OR=0.023, 95% CI: 0.005-0.096) were the main influencing factor for the high-risk population of osteosarcopenia in the community.

The detection rate of sarcopenia and osteoporosis is high in the elderly in the community of Shihezi city. Community health workers should find the high-risk population of osteosarcopenia as soon as possible and take intervention measures.

To explore whether there is any causal association between ketone bodies and cognitive performance employing the bidirectional and two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the genome-wide association studies summary data from Europe were used as instrumental variables. The inverse-variance weighted method was used as the primary method to estimate the causal effect of ketone bodies instrumental variables with cognitive performance, and pathway and functional enrichment analyses were performed to predict potential mechanisms. Significance was ascertained with the use of Bonferroni-corrected significance thresholds (P=0.017).

Two-sample MR analysis showed that acetoacetate (β=0.075, 95% CI: 0.002-0.148, P=0.045) and β-hydroxybutyrate (β=0.082, 95% CI: 0.039-0.126, P=2.36×10^-4) were causally associated with cognitive performance. However, the association of acetoacetate was no longer significant after Bonferroni-corrected. In addition, no link between acetone (β=0.041, 95% CI: -0.018-0.099, P=0.175) and cognitive performance was discovered. Pathway and functional enrichment analyses suggest that the mechanism of β-hydroxybutyrate effect on cognitive performance may be through a variety of ways, such as cholesterol metabolism and insulin resistance. In reverse MR Analysis, we found no causal effects of cognitive performance on ketone bodies.

Our findings support a causal relationship between β-hydroxybutyrate levels and better cognitive performance.

To analyze the multiple mediating effects of anxiety and depression symptoms between physical activity and cognitive function, and to provide evidence for slowing down the decline of cognitive function in the elderly.

A total of 9 323 elderly people aged 65 and above were selected from the 2018 China Aging Health Factors Follow-up Survey and their basic demographic characteristics were described. The correlation between physical activity, anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms, and cognitive function was investigated. The chain mediating effect model was used to analyze the multiple mediating effects of anxiety and depression between physical activity and cognitive function.

Physical activity, anxiety symptoms and depression symptoms were correlated with cognitive function (all P<0.001), and physical activity was positively correlated (r=0.41), anxiety symptoms (r=-0.12) and depression symptoms (r=-0.22) were negatively correlated. On the one hand, physical activity can directly affect cognitive function in older adults (effect=0.234 8, SE=0.012 2, 95% CI: 0.211 0-0.258 6). On the other hand, physical activity mediated cognitive function through anxiety and depression symptoms, among which, the independent mediating effect of anxiety was 0.002 6 (SE=0.001 2, 95% CI：0.000 3-0.005 3), and the independent mediating effect of depression was 0.018 6 (SE=0.012 3, 95% CI: 0.014 2-0.023 2). The series mediating effect of anxiety and depression was 0.006 1 (SE=0.001 1, 95% CI: 0.004 0-0.008 4).

Physical activity may improve cognitive function in older adults by reducing anxiety and depression. For the elderly, active participation in physical activity is beneficial to maintain a good mental state and slow down the decline of cognitive function.

To apply the case-based problem-based learning (PBL) teaching method in clinical and disease prevention education of obstetric and gynecological nursing and evaluate its effectiveness.

A total of 50 obstetric and gynecological nursing students were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group. The control group received traditional teaching methods, while the experimental group received case-based PBL teaching method. After completing all teaching sessions, a comprehensive evaluation of student learning was conducted through performance assessment and survey questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed and visualized using SPSS statistical software.

Students taught using a case-based problem-based learning (PBL) approach demonstrated significantly higher scores in seven assessment indicators compared to students taught using traditional teaching methods (P<0.05). Among these indicators, the differences were most pronounced in clinical thinking ability (t=5.226, P<0.001) and self-directed learning ability (t=3.878, P<0.001). In terms of theoretical and practical scores, the experimental group had an average score of 88.68, which was higher than the control group’s average score of 85.92 (t=3.056, P=0.004).

The application of the case-based PBL teaching method in clinical and disease prevention education of obstetric and gynecological nursing effectively enhances students’ comprehensive abilities, particularly in improving their clinical thinking and self-directed learning abilities.

To analyze and forecast the epidemic trends and disease burden of self-harm in China from 1990 to 2019, and to provide data for evaluating and formulating self-harm related prevention and treatment measures.

We used age-period-cohort modeling to estimate age, period, and cohort effects on self-harm incidence rates and mortality rates in China between 1990 and 2019. We projected the rates of self-harm in China from 2020 to 2030 using Bayesian age-period-cohort analysis.

In 2019, the age-standardized incidence rate of self-harm in China was 51.24/100 000 and the age-standardized mortality rate was 6.8/100 000. From 1990 to 2019, the disease burden of self-harm showed a decreasing trend in both male and female (EAPC<0). The results of APC analysis showed that in the age effect, the RR value of incidence peaked in 20-24 years old and over 70 years old, and the RR value of mortality increased rapidly in people over 70 years old.The period effect results showed that the overall morbidity and mortality risk of Chinese residents showed a downward trend from 1990 to 2019.Birth cohort results showed that the risk of morbidity and mortality for both male and female increased slowly and then decreased gradually with the change of birth year, and the population born between 1950 and 1954 had a higher risk of morbidity and mortality. By 2030, the ASIR of male self-harm is expected to decrease to 28.38/100 000 and that of female is 57.02/100 000. The ASMR of male decreased to 7.53/100 000 and that of female decreased to 3.90/100 000.

Although the burden of self-harm disease among Chinese residents shows an overall downward trend, it is still one of the diseases with a high burden of disease. Young people aged 20-24 and elderly people over 70 years old are targeted for life assistance and psychological counseling, and attention is paid to the physical and mental health of women who have attempted suicide, so as to reduce the burden of disease caused by self-harm.

Development of the Lifestyle Health Beliefs Questionnaire for Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Childbearing Age.

The first draft of the questionnaire was customized based on the health belief model dimensions and expert consultation; 273 patients with polycystic ovary syndrome in Chongqing were surveyed, and the data were tested for reliability and validity.

The total questionnaire Cronbach’s αvalue was 0.894, the individual dimensions Cronbach's α values ranged from 0.758 to 0.916, the questionnaire split-half reliability was 0.648, and the questionnaire re-test reliability was 0.772; six common factors were extracted from the exploratory factor analysis of the questionnaire for the 29 items, explaining 68.2% of the total variance, with S-CVI/Ave=0.944, and I-CVI for each dimension was 0.8 to 1. Validated factor analysis of the used questionnaire on lifestyle health beliefs in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome of childbearing age had good model fit, with discriminant validity ranging from 0.622 to 0.833, and combined reliability ranging from 0.748 to 0.901.

The developed questionnaire has good reliability and validity and is suitable for measuring lifestyle health beliefs in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome in reproductive age.