To understand the current status of job burnout among mental disorder prevention and treatment workers in Tibet Autonomous Region and analyze its influencing factors.

A total of 200 participants attending the training course on assistance for mental disorder prevention and treatment in Tibet Autonomous Region, organized by Peking University Sixth Hospital in 2025, were surveyed using a self-designed general information questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS). Burnout levels were assessed, and univariate analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U test and χ² test. Factors associated with burnout were identified using binary logistic regression.

A total of 185 valid questionnaires were collected. The detection rate of burnout among the respondents was 87.6% (162/185), with emotional exhaustion being the most prominent dimension, as 73.5% of respondents had moderate or higher levels. Multivariable analysis revealed that having a bachelor’s degree or higher was a protective factor against emotional exhaustion(OR=0.265, 95% CI: 0.121-0.582) and depersonalization (OR=0.354, 95% CI: 0.161-0.778). For each additional year of work experience in mental disorder prevention and treatment, the risk of overall burnout (OR=0.822, 95% CI: 0.693-0.976) and emotional exhaustion (OR=0.825, 95% CI: 0.703-0.967) decreased.

Job burnout is prevalent among mental disorder prevention and treatment practitioners in Tibet Autonomous Region. Higher education and longer work experience are important protective factors. It is recommended to implement interventions such as establishing a systematic and standardized on-the-job training system, conducting regular group psychological counseling and stress management training, and creating professional incentive and support mechanisms.

To analyze the risk factors affecting pneumoconiosis stages and the correlation between pneumoconiosis stages and respiratory complications.

The data were collected from pneumoconiosis patients admitted to West China Fourth Hospital of Sichuan University from 2018 to 2022. The risk factors affecting pneumoconiosis stages were studied by a multivariable ordinal logistic regression model, and the association between pneumoconiosis stages and respiratory complications was analyzed using the Cochran-Armitage trend test.

A total of 564 cases were included in the study, including 144 cases (26%) of stage I, 119 cases (21%) of stage II, and 301 cases (53%) of stage III pneumoconiosis. The results of ordinal logistic regression analysis showed that a duration of dust exposure of more than 20 years (OR=2.380, 95% CI: 1.337-4.238) was a risk factor for higher pneumoconiosis stages (P<0.05). Better self-perception (OR=0.232, 95% CI: 0.086-0.624; OR=0.359, 95% CI: 0.140-0.921; OR=0.140, 95% CI: 0.054-0.360), and high body mass index (BMI≥28.0) (OR=0.391, 95% CI: 0.174-0.878) were protective factors for higher pneumoconiosis stages (P<0.05). The detection rate of respiratory complications was 89.72%. The detection rates of pulmonary tuberculosis (Z=5.495), pleural effusion (Z=2.122),pneumothorax (Z=2.710) and emphysema (Z=3.086) increased with the increase of pneumoconiosis stage, while the detection rate of bronchiectasis (Z=-4.472) decreased with the increase of pneumoconiosis stage (P<0.05).

Occupational disease history and psychological status of patients are important factors affecting the development of pneumoconiosis, and the incidence of respiratory complications increases with the increase of pneumoconiosis stages. Therefore, early prevention should be actively implemented, patients’psychological problems should be addressed, attention should be paid to the prevention and treatment of respiratory complications, and the quality of life of patients should be improved.

To investigate the contamination status of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), chromium (Cr), and total arsenic(As) in nuts and seed foods sold in Jiangxi Province, assess the dietary exposure risks to residents, and provide a scientific basis for precise regulation.

A total of 99 samples belonging to 12 categories were collected from 11 cities in Jiangxi Province in November 2024. The contents of the five elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), exposure levels were calculated using a point-estimation model, and risk assessment was performed using the single-factor pollution index method and Nemerow comprehensive pollution index method.

The detection rates of Cr and As were both 100%, while those of Pb and Cd were 61.6% and 67.7%, respectively. Hg had the lowest detection rate of only 2.02%. Among all samples, only Cr exceeded the standard limit, with an exceedance rate of 4.0%. Pistachios showed relatively high contents of Pb and As. Sunflower seeds had the highest contents of Cr and Cd, with a Nemerow comprehensive pollution index of 4.1, indicating severe pollution. For adults with a daily intake of 5 g, the non-carcinogenic risks of all elements were controllable. However, the daily exposure dose of Pb [2.62 μg/(kg·bw·d)] significantly exceeded the benchmark dose lower confidence limit [BMDL01: 0.5-1.0 μg/(kg·bw·d)] established by JECFA.

These foods are generally safe, but Cr contamination in sunflower seeds and chronic Pb exposure risk for children are major potential risks. It is recommended to implement a four-in-one precise prevention and control strategy: “high-risk category targeting, speciation analysis, source control, and consumption guidance”.

To investigate the contamination characteristics of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in mutton and its by-products sold in Lanzhou and assess the associated health risks through dietary exposure.

A total of 88 samples of mutton and sheep offal were collected. The presence of 25 PFAS was systematically analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and dietary exposure risks were evaluated using the hazard ratio (HR).

The overall detection rate of PFAS was 79.54%, with the most significant contamination observed in sheep liver, where the detection rate reached 100%. PFBA and PFOS were the predominant monomers detected. Under the current consumption pattern, the HRs for PFBA, PFOS, and PFDS in mutton and its by-products were all less than 1. The exposure risk of PFOS in sheep liver was significantly higher than that in other tissues, and the HR in children was approximately 2.4 times that in adults due to their lower body weight.

A total of 14 PFAS monomers were detected in the 88 mutton and sheep offal samples analyzed in this study. The overall contamination level was low, and the dietary risk assessment indicated no significant health risk to humans.

To investigate the effects of different vitamin D supplementation levels on blood glucose during pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus based on cohort data.

A total of 766 pregnant women aged 30 years and above from a hospital in Chengdu were included as subjects. The primary exposure variable was the quintile grouping of vitamin D supplementation levels, while the outcome variables were gestational diabetes mellitus and changes in fasting plasma glucose during pregnancy. Multivariable regression models were used to analyze the association between these variables, with subgroup analyses conducted based on age and pre-pregnancy BMI.

Compared with the lowest quintile (Q1) group, appropriate vitamin D supplementation levels (Q2 and Q3 groups) reduced the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (Q2: OR=0.54, 95% CI:0.31-0.93; Q3: OR=0.51, 95% CI: 0.28-0.94). Subgroup analysis indicated that among women aged 30-35 years and those with a normal pre-pregnancy BMI, compared with the Q1 group, those in the Q2 and Q3 groups had a lower risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (Q2: OR=0.50, 95% CI: 0.27-0.94; Q3: OR=0.47, 95% CI: 0.23-0.93). Further analysis revealed that starting vitamin D supplementation in early pregnancy was more beneficial for blood glucose control during pregnancy compared with starting in mid-pregnancy (β=-0.05, 95% CI: -0.09~-0.01).

This study indicates that a daily vitamin D supplementation level of 200 to 800 IU is associated with a lower risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. This effect is more pronounced in pregnant women aged 30 to 35 and those with a normal BMI before pregnancy. Additionally, starting vitamin D supplementation in the early stage of pregnancy is more beneficial for blood glucose control.

To analyze the current situation of household illuminance among preschool children in Kunshan City, and to explore the relationships between caregiver characteristics, parents’ educational levels, parents’ myopia status, and compliance with household illuminance standards.

A total of 1 512 preschool children from 8 kindergartens in Kunshan City were selected as the research subjects, and data such as the characteristics of caregivers, parents’ educational levels, and myopia status were collected. The TES-1332A illuminance meter was used to measure the illuminance of each space in the home in a standardized manner, and the χ² test was adopted to analyze the impact of different factors on compliance with household illuminance standards.

The illuminance in most family spaces did not meet the standards. The compliance rates from highest to lowest were bedroom 59.09% (468/792), study desk 39.42% (203/515), living room tabletop 24.07% (156/648), dining room tabletop 20.23% (121/598), living room 17.59% (155/881), bedroom tabletop 15.43% (50/324), and dining room 8.91% (70/786). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that after multivariable adjustment, caregiver type, caregiver and parental educational levels, and parental myopia status remained significantly associated with compliance with household illuminance standards. Compared with other caregivers, parental care was associated with increased compliance rates for bedroom and dining room tabletop illuminance, serving as a protective factor for qualified household illuminance in the above areas (bedroom: OR=1.48, 95% CI: 1.07-2.06, P=0.019; dining room tabletop: OR=1.93, 95% CI: 1.13-3.29, P=0.017). In terms of educational level, taking caregivers with senior high school education or below as the reference group, caregivers with a college degree or above were correlated with the increased compliance rate of illuminance in bedrooms and dining room tabletop, which were identified as protective factors (bedroom: OR=1.56, 95% CI: 1.15-2.12, P=0.004; dining room tabletop: OR=1.67, 95% CI: 1.04-2.67, P=0.033). With parents having senior high school education or below as the reference, parental education of college degree or above was associated with higher compliance rate of bedroom illuminance and acted as a protective factor for qualified bedroom illuminance (OR=2.29, 95% CI: 1.32-3.99, P=0.014). In addition, compared with children of non-myopic parents, children with both myopic parents showed a higher compliance rate of living room tabletop illuminance, and bilateral parental myopia was a protective factor for qualified living room tabletop illuminance (OR=1.90, 95%CI: 1.09-3.33, P=0.038).

Overall compliance with household illuminance standards among preschool children in Kunshan City is relatively poor, and it is closely related to caregiver characteristics, parental education level and parental myopia status. Improving the family lighting environment, especially carrying out targeted interventions for high-risk families, may help in the prevention and control of childhood myopia.

To understand the level of postpartum depression literacy among women in Guiyang within 0-6 months postpartum, and to analyze the latent profile categories of postpartum depression literacy, in order to effectively carry out mental health services.

The communities were selected through multi-stage stratified random sampling, and 1 088 subjects were continuously included in the study. A questionnaire survey was conducted using general information, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and the Postpartum Depression Literacy Scale (PoDLis). A latent profile analysis was performed on postpartum depression literacy, and logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors.

The positive rate of postpartum depression symptoms was 14.5%. The total score of postpartum depression literacy was 3.29 (3.00, 3.58) points. The postpartum depression literacy of the mothers was divided into three latent classes: the low literacy group (5.97%), the medium literacy group (47.88%), and the high literacy group (46.14%). Younger maternal age (OR=3.282, 95% CI: 1.130-9.534), high school education (OR=2.296, 95% CI: 1.080-4.880), and low monthly per capita family income (OR=2.385, 95% CI: 1.050-5.420) were risk factors for the low literacy group, while participating in relevant courses (OR=0.673, 95% CI: 0.472-0.959) was a protective factor for the high literacy group (P<0.05).

There is heterogeneity in postpartum depression literacy among women. Special attention should be paid to women with younger maternal age, low educational level, low family economic level, and no participation in maternity school courses. Interventions can be implemented based on the characteristics and influencing factors of different latent classes to improve postpartum depression literacy and prevent the occurrence of postpartum depression.

To examine the association between different gestational weight gain (GWG) patterns and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and to identify high-risk weight gain characteristics that may inform GWG management and early prevention of GDM.

A prospective cohort study was conducted among 312 pregnant women who completed follow-up at the Obstetrics Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical College between January 2022 and December 2024. According to the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations, and based on pre-pregnancy body mass index(BMI) and weight changes across the first, second, and third trimesters, latent class growth analysis (LCGA) was used to classify GWG trajectories into three patterns: steady-appropriate, moderately rapid, and persistently rapid. GDM was diagnosed using the results of a 24-28-week oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Multivariable logistic regression models were applied to assess the independent associations between GWG patterns and GDM, and model performance was evaluated using the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.

The overall incidence of GDM was 22.44% (70/312). Among all participants, 55.13% (172/312) showed a steady-appropriate GWG pattern, 31.09% (97/312) showed a moderately rapid pattern, and 13.78% (43/312) showed a persistently rapid pattern, with corresponding GDM incidences of 14.53% (25/172), 29.90% (29/97), and 37.21% (16/43), respectively (P<0.001). Multivariable analysis showed that compared with the steady-appropriate pattern, the moderately rapid pattern was associated with an increased risk of GDM(OR=1.68, 95% CI: 1.02-2.77, P=0.041), and the persistently rapid pattern showed a stronger association (OR=2.95, 95% CI:1.54-5.64, P=0.001). Pre-pregnancy BMI (OR=1.10, 95% CI: 1.01-1.21), family history of diabetes (OR=2.13, 95% CI: 1.13-4.00), and low physical activity level (OR=1.89, 95% CI: 1.04-3.44) were also independently associated with GDM (all P<0.05). The Hosmer-Lemeshow test indicated good model fit (P=0.537). The area under the ROC curve was 0.781 (95% CI: 0.726-0.835), with a sensitivity of 72.86% and a specificity of 73.44%.

GWG patterns are closely associated with GDM. Monitoring abnormal weight gain trends during pregnancy may have indicative value for metabolic health management.

To explore the current situation of sleep duration among primary and secondary school students and its relationship with overweight and obesity, providing a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of overweight and obesity among primary and secondary school students.

A stratified cluster sampling method was adopted to conduct a questionnaire survey and physical examination among 10 120 primary and secondary school students in Xuchang City, Henan Province from September to December 2024. Analysis of variance, χ² test, logistic regression analysis, restricted cubic spline(RCS) model and other statistical methods were applied to explore the association between sleep duration and overweight/obesity in primary and secondary school students.

There were 1 625 people who were overweight (accounting for 16.06%)and 1 580 people who were obese (accounting for 15.61%). The rates of overweight and obesity among males were higher than those among females (χ²=191.19, P<0.001). The obesity rate among primary school students was higher than that among junior high school and senior high school students (P<0.0167). The obesity rate of primary and secondary school students who consumed sugar-sweetened beverages at least once a day on average in the past 7 days was higher than that of those who never consumed them (P<0.0167). The rates of overweight and obesity among primary school students with severely insufficient sleep were higher than those among students with sufficient sleep (χ²=13.060, P=0.011). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that compared with students with sufficient sleep, severely insufficient sleep during the primary school stage was a high-risk factor for obesity (OR=1.40, 95% CI: 1.03-1.92). The results of RCS analysis indicated that there was a nonlinear dose-response relationship between sleep duration and obesity rate among primary school students (P_{total trend}<0.001, P_non-linear=0.039),and the optimal sleep duration was 9.50 hours.

The influence of sleep duration on overweight and obesity varies by educational stage. Controlling sleep time to 9.5 hours during the primary school stage is a key window for preventing overweight and obesity. During the secondary school stage, a comprehensive intervention strategy that emphasizes both academic pressure management and a healthy lifestyle should be adopted to reduce the occurrence of overweight and obesity.

To develop and validate a risk assessment model for kidney damage in community-dwelling patients with essential hypertension.

A total of 2 338 patients with essential hypertension from four community health service centers affiliated with Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Shenzhen Hospital (Longgang) were retrospectively enrolled between January and December 2025. They were randomly divided into a training set (n=1 637) and a validation set (n=701) in a 7:3 ratio. Relevant clinical data were collected. After variable screening using univariate analysis, LASSO regression, and multivariable regression analysis, risk assessment models were constructed using seven machine learning algorithms. Model performance was evaluated on the validation set using metrics including accuracy and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC). The importance of individual variables was assessed using SHapley additive exPlanations (SHAP)values.

Univariate analysis revealed that 28 variables, including age and sex, were associated with kidney damage (P<0.05). Lasso regression screened and retained seven feature variables. Multivariable logistic regression confirmed that male sex(OR=0.168, 95% CI: 0.113-0.250), age (OR=1.155, 95% CI: 1.133-1.178), history of alcohol consumption (OR=1.604, 95%CI: 1.415-2.879), urine occult blood (OR=1.923, 95% CI: 1.230-3.010), red blood cell count (OR=0.702, 95% CI: 0.508-0.968), and uric acid (OR=1.01, 95% CI: 1.008-1.012) were independent risk factors for kidney damage (P<0.05). The AUC values for all models exceeded 0.80. The support vector machine (SVM) demonstrated relatively better performance (AUC=0.85), with balanced performance across various metrics. SHAP value analysis indicated that age, sex, and uric acid level were key features influencing model predictions, and nonlinear interaction effects were observed among the variables.

Male sex, age, history of alcohol consumption, urine occult blood, red blood cell count, and uric acid are independent risk factors for kidney damage in community-dwelling patients with essential hypertension. The SVM model constructed using these variables exhibits good predictive performance and holds potential clinical application value.