This study aims to investigate the mortality among HIV/AIDS patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Fangchenggang City, Guangxi Province, and to identify associated factors with AIDS-related and non-AIDS-related deaths, providing scientific evidence for reducing AIDS mortality.

We collected data from the National Comprehensive AIDS Prevention and Control Information System. These data included socio-demographic and follow-up records of 2 728 HIV-1 infected individuals receiving Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) treatment in Fangchenggang City from January 1, 2005 to July 5, 2022. This dataset included socio-demographic and follow-up records during the specified period, providing a comprehensive insight into the therapeutic responses, survival rates, and potential associated complications among ART-treated HIV/AIDS patients within Fangchenggang City. Socio-demographic and follow-up data were analyzed using the cumulative incidence function (CIF) under a competing risk framework and the Fine-Gray subdistribution hazard regression model to assess the associated factors with both AIDS-related and non-AIDS-related deaths.

With an average follow-up period of 6.7 person-years, 295 cases experienced AIDS-related death with a mortality rate of 1.06/100 person-years, while 227 cases died from non-AIDS-related causes, with a mortality rate of 1.2/100 person-years. Under consideration of competing risks, the cumulative incidence of AIDS-related death at 1 year, 5 years, and 13 years post-diagnosis was 2.5%, 8.5%, and 15.0%, respectively. The factors associated with a higher risk of AIDS-related death included: age 60 years or older (aHR=1.5, 95%CI: 1.05~2.15), current spouse’s infection status unknown/not investigated (aHR=1.39, 95%CI:1.03~1.90), history of prophylactic treatment for opportunistic infections (aHR=1.4, 95%CI:1.06~1.84), and occurrence of opportunistic infections or tumors (aHR=1.65, 95%CI: 1.12~2.45). On the contrary, factors associated with a lower risk of AIDS-related death included: being female (aHR=0.67, 95%CI: 0.49~0.90), initial treatment regimen containing EFV (aHR=0.41, 95%CI: 0.25~0.68), having changed the treatment regimen (aHR=0.19, 95%CI: 0.12~0.29), first CD₄ cell count ≥ 200 cells/μL (aHR=0.30, 95%CI: 0.20~0.45), initial viral load (VL) between 50 to 1000 copies/ml (aHR=0.31, 95%CI: 0.18~0.54), and VL < 50 copies/ml (aHR=0.61, 95%CI: 0.44~0.84). Regarding non-AIDS related deaths, passive detection (aHR=1.41, 95%CI: 1.0~1.98), uninvestigated/unknown spouse’s infection status (aHR=1.40, 95%CI: 1.01~1.95), and first CD₄ cell count ≥200 cells/μL (aHR=1.68, 95%CI:1.27~2.22) were found to be associated with increased risk. In contrast, lower risk factors included being female (aHR=0.55, 95%CI: 0.37~0.81), having experienced a change in antiviral treatment regimen post-initiation (aHR=0.33, 95%CI:0.21~0.50), initial treatment regimens containing EFV (aHR=0.55, 95%CI: 0.34~0.88), and NVP (aHR=0.50, 95%CI: 0.3~0.83).

The mortality rate among HIV/AIDS patients receiving ART in Fangchenggang City is relatively low. This study underscores the importance of preventing and treating opportunistic infections or tumors for improving the survival of HIV/AIDS patients. HIV/AIDS care clinics should particularly focus on monitoring and following up on female patients, older patients, and those detected passively, enhancing medication adherence, expanding HIV testing among key populations, and thereby striving to reduce the mortality rate among AIDS patients.

To analyze the incidence trend of cancer from 2015 to 2020 in Sichuan Province and provide a reference for prevention and control of cancer.

Based on the cancer-related case information data on the Homepage of medical records in Sichuan Province from 2015 to 2020, the crude incidence rate was calculated, and the average annual change percentage (AAPC) of incidence rates was analyzed with Joinpoint 4.2.0.1.

The new cancer cases in Sichuan Province increased from 181 490 in 2015 to 276 770 in 2020, and the incidence rate increased from 198.57/10⁵ in 2015 to 304.76/10⁵ in 2020. From 2015 to 2020, the average annual percentage change (AAPC) was 7.514%, 6.751%, 8.611%, 4.713%, and 6.838%, respectively. The incidence of cancer in the Chengdu Plain Economic Zone and the Northwest Sichuan Ecological Economic Zone showed a rising trend, AAPC values with statistical significancebeing 7.549% and 9.668%, respectively. From 2015 to 2020, the incidence rate of lung cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer and prostate cancer in Sichuan Province showeda rising trend, with AAPC values of 11.220%(95%CI:5.866-16.845),6.606%(95%CI:1.395-13.202),6.322%(95%CI:1.411-11.472),5.765%(95%CI:1.431-10.284) and 13.222%(95%CI:7.396-19.364),respectively.

The incidence of cancer in Sichuan Province shows a rising trend, and the prevention and control situation is grim. Lung cancer, digestive system cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer and prostate cancer are the dominant cancer types in Sichuan Province, and specific prevention, control and screening should be strengthened.

To analyze the epidemic characteristics of hand foot and mouth disease(HFMD) in Sichuan province from 2017 to 2021 and to provide evidence for prevention and control．

A descriptive analysis was conducted by downloading the case-data of HFMD in Sichuan province during 2017 to 2021 from the Chinese National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting System.

A total of 442 079 cases of HFMD were reported from 2017 to 2021, including 627 severe cases and 4 deaths．The average annual incidence rate was 106.17/100 000. Cases in children aged 5 or younger accounted for 90.99％. Boys had higher incidence than girls (1.35:1). The scattered children accounted for 63.34％. Two peaks of incidence were observed other years, except for a few years, with the highest occurring between April to July and the second occurring in November to December．The incidence in Chengdu plain and its surrounding areas were significantly higher than other regions. Other enteroviruses (non-enterovirus 71 and Coxsackie virus A16) were the main pathogen, accounting for 71.45%; Coxsackie virus A16 accounted for 21.20% and enterovirus 71 accounted for 7.35%.

The incidence of HFMD in Sichuan Province is high from 2017 to 2021. The proportion of severe cases has significantly decreased（χ²=273.241，P<0.001）, and the main pathogen is the other enteroviruses (non-enterovirus 71 and Coxsackie virus A16).

Using Mendelian randomization analysis to explore the immune cells involved in myocarditis(MC).

Genome-wide association study (GWAS) was used to mine the data, and the exposure factors were 731 immune cell traits, and the outcome factor was myocarditis. Regression models such as Inverse-Variance Weighted method (IVW), MR-Egger, Simple Mode, weighted median and Weighted Mode were used for Mendelian randomization analysis. At the same time, heterogeneity tests, horizontal multiple validity analyses, and sensitivity analyses were also conducted. Multivariate Mendelian randomization analysis of the relevant immune cell traits was performed by Inverse-Variance Weighted method (IVW) to correct the effect of seven positive immune cell traits on the outcome.

(1)The results of Mendelian randomization showed that there was a causal relationship between 7 immune cell traits that include CD39+resting Treg %resting Treg (OR=1.237, 95%CI:1.039-1.474), CD4+CD8dim %leukocyte (OR=0.737, 95%CI:0.543-0.100), CD28-CD8dim AC (OR=0.868, 95%CI:0.753-0.100), CD28-CD8br AC (OR=1.398, 95%CI:1.097-1.780), CD20 on CD20-CD38- (OR=1.295, 95%CI:1.012-1.659), CCR2 on monocyte (OR=1.010, 95%CI:1.000-1.208), CD11b on basophil (OR=0.852, 95%CI:0.727-0.998) and MC.(2)The results of multivariate Mendelian randomization showed that CD39+ resting Treg %resting Treg (OR=1.228, 95%CI:1.059-1.423), CD28-CD8dim AC (OR=0.629, 95%CI:0.428-0.924), CCR2 on monocyte (OR=0.661, 95%CI:0.488-0.895) were correlated with MC.(3)The results of reverse Mendelian randomization did not find a causal relationship between 7 positive immune signatures and MC.

This study confirm the close relationship between immune cells and MC through genetics, which will provide a reference for future research.

To analyze the epidemiological trends of Alzheimer’s disease in the elderly population in China from 1990 to 2019, and to provide a scientific basis for the specific formulation of prevention and treatment measures.

Based on data obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 database, we analyzed quantitative changes in the number of incidences and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of Alzheimer’s disease among people aged 60 to 89 years in China from 1990 to 2019. Trend changes over the period were assessed by calculating the annual percentage change (AAPC) and linkage regression analysis, age-period-cohort models were constructed by Stata17 to analyze trends in DALY incidence and rates along three dimensions: age, period, and cohort.

The number of DALY and Alzheimer’s disease incidence cases in the Chinese elderly population in 2019 was 1 526 516 and 5 034 024 person-years, respectively, with 5 829 523 and 1 956 623 person-years of DALY and Alzheimer’s disease incidence in elderly men, and 943 563 and 3 077 401 person-years of DALY and Alzheimer’s disease incidence in elderly women, respectively. The Chinese elderly population in 2019 Incidence and DALY rates were 600.49 per 100 000 and 1 980.23 per 100 000, respectively, increasing at an average rate of 1.12% and 0.81% per year, with a more pronounced increase in elderly men than in elderly women.

China’s elderly population faces a heavy burden of disease from Alzheimer’s disease, and the government should take immediate action to alleviate the heavy morbidity and financial burden on patients.

To investigate the effects of the interactions between type 2 diabetes risk-related genetic variations and occupational noise on prediabetes, and to provide the evidence for prevention of prediabetes in occupational populations.

A total of 991 workers in a tobacco plant were selected using a cluster sampling method. All subjects were classified into the control group (n=407) and exposure group (n=584) according to their noise exposure levels. The whole blood was collected for glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) measurement and the iPLEX system was used for genotyping. The multivariable logistic regression model was used to explore the interactions of noise and type 2 diabetes risk-related genetic variations on prediabetes.

A total of 143 cases of pre-diabetes were detected with a prevalence of 14.30%. With adjustment for age, gender, smoking, alcohol consumption and body mass index (BMI), the risk of prediabetes in noise-exposed workers was 1.535 times than that of non-noise-exposed workers. CDKAL1-rs2206734 TT and IGF2BP2-rs1470579 CC genotype carriers were the risk factors for prediabetes (all OR>1, all P<0.05), and there was an interaction between IGF2BP2-rs1470579 and occupational noise exposure based on multiplication models (P<0.05).

The CDKAL1-rs2206734 TT and IGF2BP2-rs1470579 CC genotype are susceptible genes for prediabetes, and they interact with occupational noise based on a multiplicative model.

To examine the association between exposure to ambient PM_2.5 chemical components and semen quality in Southwest China.

We conducted a longitudinal study to investigate 1 105 sperm donors who lived in Sichuan Province, China and underwent semen examination in Sichuan Province human sperm bank from October 2019 to December 2021. Exposure to ambient PM_2.5 and its chemical components in lag 0-90 d, lag 0-9 d, lag 10-14 d and lag 70-90 d were assessed by extracting monthly PM_2.5 and its chemical components values from a few validated grid datasets at each subject’s residential address. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between PM_2.5 and its chemical components. A linear mixed-effects model was used to analyze the relationship between exposure to PM_2.5 chemical components and semen quality parameters.

PM_2.5 is highly positively correlated with its chemical components. PM_2.5, NH₄⁺, SO₄^2-, NO₃^-, OM, and BC exposures were significantly associated with decreased total motility (P<0.05). OM exposure was significantly associated with decreased in sperm progressive motility (P<0.05), and the mean change in sperm progressive motility was -1.166 (95%CI: -2.174 - -0.171) for per IQR (3.1 μg/m³) increase in OM.

PM_2.5 and its chemical components are risk factors for sperm total motility.

To evaluate the effect of salt-reducing intervention on the content of sodium of dishes in catering units in Shandong.

A stratified, random sampling method was used to recruit a representative sample of catering units, and finally 60 catering units were selected and divided into the intervention group and control group. The content of sodium was determined according to the national detection standard (GB/T 5009.91-2003).

After six months of intervention, the content of sodium of dishes in the intervention group’s catering units decreased from 436 mg/100 g 369 mg/100 g (Z=-3.88, P<0.001), with a decrease of 15.4%, while the control group only decreased by 4.3%. The monthly average salt consumption per meal in the intervention group decreased from 6.49 to 6.03 grams (Z=-3.12, P<0.05).

The salt-reducing intervention can reduce the content of salt of the dishes, and the monitoring of indicators, such as salt consumption, number of diners and sales ratio of low salt dishes in catering units, should be complied.

To analyze the relationship between dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among residents in selected districts of Chongqing,and to provide recommendations for the prevention of T2DM.

Using cross-sectional survey data collected in Chongqing as part of the 2021 China National Nutrition and Health Survey (CNNHS), and in combination with energy and nutrient intake calculated from the Chinese Food Composition Tables, single-factor and multi-factor Logistic regression models were employed to investigate the association between n-3 PUFA intake and the incidence of T2DM.

This study included a total of 1 511 participants, of which 280 were diagnosed with T2DM, accounting for 18.80% of the total. When compared to participants in the lowest quartile of animal-derived n-3 PUFA intake, those in the highest quartile had a significantly lower risk of developing T2DM (OR=0.61, 95%CI: 0.42-0.88). The results from adjusted Model 1 were consistent with those of Model 2 (Model 1: OR=0.64, 95%CI: 0.44-0.94; Model 2: OR=0.66, 95%CI: 0.44-0.98). Notably, in Model 2, the risk of developing T2DM was even lower in the Q₄ group of plant-derived n-3 PUFA compared to Q₁ (OR=0.48, 95%CI: 0.24-0.98).

The dietary intake of animal-derived n-3 PUFA and plant-derived n-3 PUFA is negatively correlated with the incidence of T2DM. The association between animal-derived n-3 PUFA and T2DM weakens after adjusting for confounding factors, with the highest quartile of plant-derived n-3 PUFA showing the strongest protective effect against T2DM.

To establish a depression prediction model for adolescents with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and validate the model.

Patients’ data were collected from the gynecological clinic of Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University according to the item pool of risk factors for depression in adolescents with PCOS. Data collected between October 2021 and September 2022. In this study, R software (version 4.2.1) was used to perform regression analysis by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), so as to screen out strong risk factors related to depression in adolescents with PCOS. These risk factors were then incorporated into logistic regression to develop a depression warning model in adolescents with PCOS. The model has been visualized by nomogram and has been verified both internally and externally. The predicted effect of the model was evaluated through discrimination, specificity and sensitivity. Decision curve analysis was used to analyze the clinical effect of the model.

The model was as follows: depression risk=1/(1+exp-(-4.055+0.221×sleep+0.729×hormonal contraceptive use+0.920 ×hirsutism+0.079×illness perception -0.058×social support+1.049×(luteinizing hormone/follicle stimulating hormone)≥2)). The area under the ROC curve for this model was 0.881. The optimal cut-off value on the ROC curve was 0.278, corresponding to a high specificity and sensitivity of 76.2% and 88.0%, respectively. The corrected area under the ROC curve obtained was 0.867. In addition, the result of decision curve analysis showed that the model could provide effective evidence support for clinical decision-making. The area under the ROC curve obtained from external validation was 0.871.

In this study, an early warning model of depression risk in adolescents with PCOS was constructed. It can effectively identify people at high risk of depression in adolescents with PCOS at an early stage, thus providing a theoretical basis for the implementation of comprehensive and effective risk prevention measures.

To explore the relationship between the walking time of pregnant women and the maintenance of the antibody level of SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine, so as to provide a reference basis for the prevention of pregnant women’s infection and the promotion of maternal and infant health during the normalization management of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia epidemic.

In a multicenter cross-sectional study in Guangdong Province, 854 pregnant women who were vaccinated with inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine were included to investigate their demographic characteristics and physical activity, and detect their serum SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels. Multifactor logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation between the walking time of pregnant women and the positive rate of SARS-CoV-2 antibody.

The positive rates of neutralizing antibody, IgG and IgM of serum SARS-CoV-2 were 44.6%, 46.1% and 3.4% respectively. There was a difference in the positive conversion rate of neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 among pregnant women at different walking times(P<0.05), and this difference did not appear in the level of IgG and IgM antibodies(P>0.05). Compared to pregnant women who walked for more than 30 minutes per day, pregnant women who walked for 15~30 minutes per day had a higher NAb positivity rate(OR=1.56, 95%CI:1.09~2.23).

The walking time of pregnant women is related to maintaining the antibody level of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. The antibody level of pregnant women who walk for 15~30min/d is higher. The walking exercise of pregnant women is beneficial to the immune system. It is suggested that pregnant women should exercise moderately every day to maintain good health.

To explore the relationship between cumulative ecological risk and junior middle school student’s online aggressive behavior.

In 2023, convenience sampling method was adopted. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 340 junior middle school students from 2 middle schools in Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with cumulative ecological risk scale, normative beliefs about aggression scale and online aggressive behavior scale, and the mediation effect was tested by non-parametric percentile Bootstrap method with bias correction.

The cumulative ecological risk was positively correlated with online aggressive behavior and normative beliefs about aggression (r=0.51,r=0.53,P<0.01). There was a significant positive correlation between normative beliefs about aggression and online aggressive behavior (r=0.73,P<0.01). Online aggressive behavior had significant positive regression on cumulative ecological risk and normative beliefs about aggression (β=0.17,95%CI:0.09-0.26,β=0.63,95%CI:0.56-0.70,P<0.001), and normative beliefs about aggression had significant positive regression on cumulative ecological risk (β=0.52,95%CI:0.44-0.60,P<0.001). Normative beliefs about aggression played a partial mediating role between cumulative ecological risk and online aggressive behavior, and the mediating effect was 0.33(95%CI:0.27-0.40), accounting for 64.71% of the total effects.

Cumulative ecological risk can not only directly affect the online aggressive behavior, but also indirectly affect the online aggressive behavior of junior middle school student through the normative belief about aggression. In the future, the level of online aggressive behavior can be regulated by intervening the normative belief about aggression.

To investigate thejob satisfaction and analyze influencing factors of health workers in basic public health service projects.

164 primary medical institutions in Jiangxi Province were selected according to the method of phased cluster sampling. A questionnaire survey was conducted on the health personnel providing basic public health services in these institutions. Nonparametric test and ordered multiclass logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of job satisfaction.

Among the 3 018 basic public health service workers, the average score of job satisfaction was 24.52±6.84 points. The proportion of very dissatisfied, relatively dissatisfied, average, fairly satisfied and very satisfied were 3.78%, 9.87%, 39.83%, 23.92% and 22.60%, respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that educational background, job category, working years, income, overtime, training and performance reward mechanism had statistical significance on the overall job satisfaction score (P<0.05).

The job satisfaction of health worker in basic public health service projects in Jiangxi Province was above average. In order to improve the job satisfaction, we can improve the promotion and guarantee mechanism for grassroots talents, strengthen vocational training, and improve the assessment mechanism.

To analyze the influencing factors and improvement paths of the service capacity of standardized township health centers in Guangxi under the background of "high-quality service at the grassroots level", providing useful reference for further deepening reform and promoting the healthy development of rural medical and health systems.

By the end of 2021, township health centers that have reached the recommended standard of "quality service primary line" service ability were selected as the research samples, and the coupled coordination degree model was combined with fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis method to carry out empirical analysis.

Single factors cannot constitute a necessary condition for improving or decreasing the service capacity of township health centers. There are a total of four configuration paths for improving the service capacity of township health centers in Guangxi, among which the core sufficient conditions for playing a leading role are the number of high-level practicing (assistant) physicians, the number of registered nurses, and coupling coordination scheduling. The overall consistency of the solution is 0.920 (≥0.8), and the model has strong explanatory power.

The improvement of service capacity in township health centers in Guangxi is facilitated by the synergistic effect of multiple factors both internally and externally. The optimization and expansion of grassroots talent teams is the core combination element for the improvement of service capacity in township health centers, and the coupling and coordinated development of medical resource allocation and economy is the key element for the improvement of service capacity.

To establish a health emergency competency evaluation index system for public health personnel, so as to provide a theoretical basis for building a health emergency team.

The competency index was screened and the evaluation index frame was established by literature research method, expert association commercial method and Delphi method.The analytic hierarchy process was used to calculate the weight value of the importance of indicators at all levels, and the evaluation index system was formed.

A total of 21 experts were invited to conduct letter inquiries, and the recovery rate of the two rounds of expert letter inquiries was 100%.The Cronbach’s α coefficients of the expert letter consultation form were 0.968 and 0.963,expert authority level 0.865,Kendall’s W coordination coefficient in 2 rounds of correspondence suggested that experts had a high consistency (P<0.05). The evaluation index system of public health personnel’s competency in health emergency work included 3 first-level indicators,11 second-level indicators and 68 third-level indicators.The weights of the first-level indicators are respectively health emergency literacy (0.517 4), professional literacy (0.336 1) and personal literacy (0.146 6).

Good health emergency literacy is the basis for public health personnel to respond to public health emergencies.The weight of each index in this index system is determined by Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process, and the results are scientific and reliable.

To analyse the trend of COPD patients’ inpatient costs and its influencing factors in the context of the reform of DRG, and to provide reference for the reasonable control of COPD inpatient costs.

ITSA were used to analyse the trend of COPD patients’ inpatient costs in a tertiary general hospital from 2018 to 2022, and univariate analysis, stepwise regression analysis and RFM were used to analyse the factors influencing the inpatient costs and the degree of significance of COPD patients’ inpatient costs after the official operation of the DRG.

The results of ITSA showed that the overall inpatient costs of COPD patients decreased significantly and by an average of 1.82% per month during the DRG operation stage; the integrated medical service fee, drug fee, and consumable fee all showed a decreasing trend during the DRG operation stage, by an average of 1.06%, 1.67%, and 4.98% per month, respectively, but the proportion of the integrated medical service fee increased compared with that before the DRG reform by 7.18%; The stepwise regression results showed that the number of hospital days (β=0.584), admission status (β=0.294), whether surgery (β=0.125), whether traditional Chinese medicine (β=0.084), and drug share ratio (β=0.099) had a statistically significant impact on COPD hospitalisation costs (P<0.05); and the results of the Random Forest model analysis showed that hospital days, admission status, drug share ratio were the most important factors influencing COPD hospitalisation costs. status, and medication ratio were the key factors affecting COPD hospitalisation costs.

DRG can effectively promote medical institutions to strengthen cost management and reduce the economic burden of disease. Hospitals should further reduce the cost of COPD and the economic burden of patients by reducing the number of inpatient days, strengthening the management of critically ill patients, and promoting the rational use of drugs.

To evaluate the impact of DRG medical insurance payment reform on the quality development of a tertiary comprehensive hospital in Guangxi.

This study selected data on all inpatient settlement cases in the hospital from 2020 to 2021, and calculated the DRG grouping of all cases according to the national CHS-DRG version 1.0 grouping plan. The interruption time series analysis method was further used to analyze the level and trend changes of indicators after the DRG policy reform in hospitals in December 2020. These indicators included total weight, case group index, cost consumption index, time consumption index, average length of stay, average hospitalization cost per visit, etc. They were used to evaluate the hospital’s medical service capacity, medical service efficiency, and medical safety, in order to understand the quality of the hospital.

A total of 72 089 cases were included in this study. Indicators such as cost consumption index (β=-0.242, P=0.001), time consumption index (β=-0.119, P=0.002), average length of stay (β=-1.543, P=0.011), proportion of high incidence cases (β=-0.028, P=0.026), and average cost of hospitalization (β=-3 669.366, P=0.026) showed an immediate decrease during the implementation of DRG policy.

After implementing the DRG policy reform, the hospital has significantly improved the efficiency of medical services, but still faces the challenge of adjusting structure and increasing quality.

To offer insights for enhancing the hierarchical medical system and guiding patient healthcare-seeking behaviors systematically, this study analyzes referral willingness and influencing factors of tertiary public hospitals and primary healthcare institutionsamong chronic disease patients in Sichuan Province.

A questionnaire survey was conducted on 297 chronic disease patients. Descriptive statistical analysis of the data was performed using SPSS 26.0 software. Chi-square tests were employed to analyze the downward referral willingness of chronic disease patients from tertiary public hospitals and the upward referral willingness to primary healthcare institutions.

Patients in large public hospitals showed low downward referral willingness (44.2%). Rural residence, prior medical consortium services, and greater distance from tertiary hospitals increased willingness. Primary healthcare patients exhibited a 28.1% upward referral willingness, influenced by occupation, age, and use of outpatient special disease policy services.

Referral willingness is generally weak in large public hospitals and primary healthcare institutions. Enhancing the comprehensive capacity of primary healthcare institutions, strengthening collaborative mechanisms and the level of medical services within medical consortia, along with expanding reimbursement policies for chronic diseases, contributes to promoting bidirectional patient referrals and advancing the formation of a tiered diagnosis and treatment system.

To evaluate the marginal effects of inputs on hospital outputs and the impacts of Integrated County Medical Community on hospital efficiency.

A stochastic frontier model was employed to estimate the production frontier and efficiency of each hospital, and a difference-in-difference method was utilized to identify the net effect of Integrated County Medical Community on hospital efficiency, including a heterogeneity analysis of this effect.

Our findings revealed that, in contrast to investments in fixed assets and equipment, hospital output exhibited a heightened elasticity in response to investments in beds, practicing physicians, and registered nurses. From 2016 to 2022, hospitals in Sichuan Province demonstrated an augmented level of efficiency, with a more conspicuous improvement observed subsequent to the initiation of Integrated County Medical Community. The net positive effect of this policy on hospital efficiency in was approximately 1.17 percentage points (P<0.001), where for-profit hospitals exhibited a greater sensitivity to this effect (P<0.05).

The Integrated County Medical Community pilot in Sichuan Province significantly improved the overall efficiency of hospitals, with a notably greater improvement observed in for-profit hospitals.

To investigate the test situation of pulmonary nodules among health examination population in a certain area and analyze its relationship with lifestyle and dietary habits.

A study was conducted on 10 580 individuals who underwent health examinations at the health management center of The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from June 2022 to June 2023, regardless of occupation. All health examines underwent low-dose spiral computed tomography (LDCT) lung examination to screen for pulmonary nodule patients, the detection rate and imaging characteristics of pulmonary nodules were analyzed, and a questionnaire survey on their lifestyle and dietary habits was conducted, the relationship between the detection rate of pulmonary nodules and lifestyle and dietary habits were analyzed.

A total of 2 054 positive cases of pulmonary nodules were detected among 10 580 healthy individuals, with a detection rate of 19.41%. Among them, 320 cases were of type 1 nodules (3.02%), 1 425 cases were of type 2 nodules (13.47%), 218 cases were of type 3 nodules (2.06%), and 91 cases were of type 4 nodules (0.86%). There was a statistically significant difference in the classification of Lung RANDS for positive pulmonary nodules of different densities and sizes (P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the detection rate of pulmonary nodules among healthy individuals of different ages, genders, occupational environments, smoking habits, participation in physical exercise, and dietary habits (whether you have the habit of eating breakfast, whether you eat a high-oil diet, whether you eat fried products and the combination of meat and vegetables). Multivariate logistic regression results showed that males (OR=2.143, 95%CI: 1.151-3.9880), smokers (OR=2.234, 95%CI: 1.435-3.480), aged over 40 years old (OR=1.451, 95%CI: 1.031-2.040), not participating in physical exercise (OR=1.582, 95%CI: 1.157-2.165), and no habit of eating breakfast (OR=1.404, 95%CI:1.036-1.902), high oil diet (OR=1.409, 95%CI: 1.073-1.850) and eat fried products (OR=1.795, 95%CI: 1.269-2.539) were independent risk factors for pulmonary nodules in healthy individuals in this region (P<0.05).

The detection rate of pulmonary nodules in the health examination population in Luzhou region is relatively high, and related lifestyle and dietary habits may affect the occurrence of pulmonary nodules. It is recommended to actively carry out LDCT for people over 40 years old in this area, focusing on high-risk groups who smoke, do not participate in physical exercise, have habits of not eating breakfast, high oil diet and eating fried products. Early detection and management of high-risk pulmonary nodules can reduce the risk of lung cancer.

To explore the regulatory role of the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway in the anxiety and depressive-like behavior induced by acute sleep deprivation in mice.

Forty eight C57BL/6J mice aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into four groups: control group(CON), inhibitor group(LiCl), sleep deprivation group(SD), and inhibitor + sleep deprivation group (SD＋LiCl), with 12 mice in each group. The model of acute sleep deprivation in mice was established by modified multiple platform method(modified multiple platform method,MMPM), Elevated Plus Maze(EPM)、Open Field Test(OFT)、Forced Swim Test(FST) and Tail Suspension Test(TST)were used to evaluate the behavior of mice. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of hippocampal neurons. RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression ofNF-κB and NLRP3 in hippocampal tissues.

Compared with the CON group, the body weight, hippocampal weight, and hippocampal organ coefficient of the SD group mice were significantly reduced (F=0.452, P=0.006; F=6.553, P=0.009; F=1.428, P=0.001).In OFT, Compared with the CON group, the LiCl group had no significant difference in the number of visits to the center(F=5.084,P=0.744), and the SD group significantly decreased(F=0.028,P=0.017). In EPM, the time of entering the open arm in the LiCl group was not significantly shorter than that in the CON group(F=0.09,P=0.113),but the SD group was significantly shorter(F=0.085,P=0.011). In FST,there was no significant difference in the immobility time between the LiCl group and the CON group(F=3.422,P=0.260). In TST, Compared with the CON group, the immobility time of the suspension tail increased in the SD group(F=11.218,P=0.005). HE staining results showed, Compared with CON group, pathological changes were found in hippocampus of SD group and SD+LiCl group. RT-PCR showed thatCompared with CON group, the mRNA expression of NF-κB and NLRP3 in LiCl group were not significantly different(F=4.629,P=0.147, F=15.555,P=0.107).However, the SD group were significantly increased (F=6.969,P<0.001,F=15.833,P=0.017).

NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway may play a regulatory role in the development of SD-induced anxiety-depression-like behavior in mice.

To explore the application value of a recombinant antigen-based capture enzyme immunoassay (RAg-CEIA) in detection of recent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in the sentinel surveillance population.

Among the HIV/AIDS sentinel surveillance population in Yunnan province in 2015, the confirmed HIV-1 antibodies positive plasma specimens matching the detection criteria for recent HIV-1 infection were tested by HIV-1 RAg-CEIA. The recent HIV-1 infection specimens were classified by the normalized optical density (ODn) values, and then the HIV-1 incidence in population were estimated. The detection and analysis data were compared with those by BED capture enzyme immunoassay (BED-CEIA) and limiting antigen avidity enzyme immunoassay (LAg-Avidity EIA), respectively.

A total of 51 313 plasma specimens were tested for HIV antibodies, in which 1 255 specimens were HIV-1 antibodies positive. 253 out of 373 specimens matching the detection criteria for recent HIV-1 infection were tested by the 3 assays, respectively. By RAg-CEIA, BED-CEIA and LAg-Avidity EIA, 88, 78 and 54 specimens were classified as recent HIV-1 infections, and the HIV-1 incidence in the sentinel surveillance population was 0.33% (95%CI: 0.26%~0.39%), 0.31%（95%CI: 0.24%~0.38%) and 0.31% (95%CI: 0.22%~0.39%), respectively. The differences between the HIV-1 incidence by the 3 assays were not statistically significant (P=0.927). Among the sub-populations, the HIV-1 incidence in men who have sex with men (MSM) were 3.50% (95%CI: 2.48%~4.52%), 3.92% (95%CI: 2.76%~5.08%）and 4.17% (95%CI: 2.79%~5.55%), respectively. The differences between the HIV-1 incidence by the 3 assays were not statistically significant (P=0.763). The ODn values by RAg-CEIA were linear correlation with those by BED-CEIA (Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was 0.911), and those by LAg-Avidity EIA (Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was 0.755), respectively.

HIV-1 RAg-CEIA can be effectively used in classification of recent HIV-1 infections and estimation of HIV-1 incidence, indicating that this approach has a good application prospect in detection of recent HIV-1 infection.

To investigate the mechanism of IGF2/JAK2/STAT3 on learning and memory impairment induced by aluminum maltol in rats.

A total of 32 SD rats were divided into normal saline control group and low, medium and high maltol aluminum exposure groups (10, 20 and 40 μmol/kg) by random number table, respectively, and intraperitoneally injected every other day for three months. After exposure, Morris water maze was applied to examine the learning and memory ability of rats, and HE staining was used to check the arrangement of hippocampal neurons. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was applied to detect the relative expression level of IGF2 mRNA in hippocampus of rats. Western Blotting was used for detecting the relative protein expression levels of Cleaved Caspase3, IGF2, p-JAK2(Tyr1007/1008), and p-STAT3(Ser727) in the hippocampus of rats.

With the increase of aluminum dose, the escape latency of rats in the same day was prolonged, and the residence time in the target quadrant and the times of crossing the platform were gradually reduced (F=7.900, P=0.001; F=6.693, P=0.002). HE staining results showed that the number of neurons in CA1 region of hippocampus gradually decreased and the arrangement of neurons was obviously loose with the increase of aluminum dose (F=25.947, P<0.001). With increasing aluminum dose, apoptosis-associated protein Bcl-2 levels decreased gradually (F=83.235, P<0.001), Bax (F=153.189, P<0.001) and Cleaved Caspase3 (F=11.636, P<0.01) levels was gradually increased, and the relative expression levels of IGF2 mRNA and IGF2, p-JAK2 (Tyr1007/1008), p-STAT3 (Ser727) proteins decreased gradually with the increase of aluminum dose (F=18.423, P<0.001; F=11.072, P=0.001; F=55.161, P<0.001; F=10.481, P=0.001).

Aluminum maltol can induce cell apoptosis by inhibiting IGF2/JAK2/STAT3 pathway, which could damage the learning and memory ability of rats.

To understand the awareness of core knowledge of Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases among multi-ethnic residents in Shimian County, a minority-concentrated area in southern Sichuan, and its influencing factors, and to provide strategic suggestions for Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases prevention and treatment.

A multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey of 4 160 permanent residents aged 18 and above in Shimian County from May to November 2022. The scores and awareness rates of the core knowledge of Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases among Han and minority residents were calculated separately. A multiple logistic regression model was used to analyze the knowledge and awareness of the core Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases among residents of different ethnic groups and their influencing factors.

The median score for the core knowledge of chronic diseases among the residents of Shimian County was 40 points. Among them, the median score for the core knowledge of chronic diseases among Han residents was 50 points, which was higher than the median score of 40 for ethnic minorities (Z=-3.905, P<0.001). The awareness rate of core knowledge of chronic diseases among the residents of Shimian County was 36.7%, and the awareness rate among Han residents (38.1%) was higher than that of ethnic minorities (31.6%) (χ²=12.544, P<0.001). Both Han and ethnic minority residents had the highest correct answer rate for social responsibility for chronic disease prevention and control (Han: 68.89%; ethnic minorities: 67.67%), and the lowest correct answer rate for knowledge about cardiovascular disease prevention (Han: 18.60%; ethnic minorities: 19.47%). The results of multifactor logistic regression analysis showed that regardless of Han or ethnic minorities, having a bachelor’s degree or above (Han: OR=3.77, 95%CI:1.99-4.32; ethnic minorities: OR=9.98, 95%CI: 5.61-17.72) and sufficient physical activity (Han: OR=2.30, 95%CI: 1.97-2.69; ethnic minorities: OR=1.89, 95%CI: 1.36-2.62)were promoting factors for the awareness of core knowledge of chronic diseases, while engaging in non-physical labor(Han: OR=0.63, 95%CI:0.54-0.73; ethnic minorities: OR=0.46, 95%CI: 0.33-0.64) was a hindrance factor for the awareness of core knowledge of chronic diseases, and being middle-aged and elderly was a hindrance factor for the awareness of core knowledge of chronic diseases among Han residents (OR=0.76, 95%CI:0.60-0.98).

The awareness level of core knowledge of chronic diseases among residents of all ethnic groups in Shimian County needs further improvement. Regardless of whether they are Han or ethnic minorities, with low educational levels, engaged in non-physical labor, and lacking physical activity, they should be the key populations for health education on core knowledge of Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases.

Different library construction methods, combined with high-throughput sequencing methods, were used to understand the genetic characteristics of the virus of the first confirmed imported monkeypox case in mainland China, and to compare the advantages and disadvantages of different library types.

The herpetic fluids and nasopharyngeal swabs of the first imported monkeypox case in the Chinese mainland were used as samples. After nucleic acid extraction and quantification, the library was directly constructed or the amplicon library was constructed using the monkeypox virus whole genome capture kit, and the whole genome sequence of the virus was obtained by high-throughput sequencing. Combined with 34 monkeypox virus sequences downloaded from the NCBI and GISAID databases, a phylogenetic evolutionary tree was constructed using vaccinia, variola, and cowpox sequences as out groups.

The whole genome sequence of the virus was obtained by both library construction methods, named hMpxV/China/CQ-CQCDC-001/2022, which belongs to the monkeypox virus branch IIb, located in the same branch as hMpxV/Germany/BE-ChVir28656/2022 belonging to the IIb B.1 branch. Metagenomic libraries have more uniform sequence coverage than amplicon libraries, but the sequencing depth is lower and the effective data volume accounts for less.

Clade IIb B.1 monkeypox viruses have already been introduced into the mainland China, and the sequencing of subsequently discovered monkeypox viruses should be based on the sample size and sequencing timeframe, sequencing cost-effectiveness ratio, and other factors to choose the appropriate library construction method.

To understand the prevalence and trend of hepatitis A and E in Yantai from 2011 to 2022, and to conduct serological research on hepatitis A and hepatitis E in the community population so as to provide data for effective prevention and control of two types of hepatitis.

The case-related information came from the monitoring data of China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the prevalence of hepatitis A and hepatitis E in Yantai City from 2011 to 2022. Two areas in Yantai were selected bymulti-stage random cluster sampling method to carry out monitoring of hepatitis A and hepatitis E antibody levels in community populations. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect serum levels of anti-hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) antibodies.

A total of 858 cases of hepatitis A and 3 145 cases of hepatitis E were reported from 2011 to 2022. The annual average incidence rate of hepatitis A was 1.01/100 000, and the incidence was sporadic throughout the year.The annual average incidence rate of hepatitis E was 3.72/100 000. The incidence was mainly in winter and spring. The reported cases of hepatitis A and hepatitis E were mainly concentrated in the northern coastal areas. 86.48% of the reported cases of hepatitis A are 25-69 years old, while 91.86% of the reported cases of hepatitis E were 35-79 years old.The composition of hepatitis A and hepatitis E was mainly men and farmers. A total of 600 blood samples were collected from healthy people, the overall seroprevalence of HAV IgM, HEV IgM, HAV IgG and HEV IgG were 1.83%, 85.67% and 32%, respectively. In terms of age, the positive rate of HAV IgM was the highest in 61-70 years old group (3.9%), HAV IgG positive rate in over 70 years old group was the highest, HEV IgM positive rate in 51-60 years old group was the highest (4.21%),and HEV IgG positive rate in over 70 years old group was the highest. Farmers had the highest positive rates of HAV IgG and HEV IgG, while students, household workers, and unemployed individuals have the highest positive rates of HAV IgM and HEV IgM. Farmers had the highest positive rates of HAV IgG (92.52%) and HEV IgG (46.26%), students had the highest positive rates of HAV IgM (2.78%) and housework and unemployed people had the highest positive rates of HAV IgM and HEV IgM (3.17%).

The incidence of hepatitis A and hepatitis E remained at a relatively high level in Yantai from 2011 to 2022, and the positive levels of HAV IgG and HEV IgG antibodies were relatively high. Further efforts need to be made to promote and intervene in key populations, especially men and farmers, to carry out relevant prevention and control measures and reduce infection rates.

To achieve the classification of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) by integrating information that utilize the complementary properties of multimodal data, and to provide references for clinical diagnosis.

A total of 872 subjects were obtained from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), with both clinical information, structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans. They were divided into the training set (612 subjects) and test set (260 subjects). Based on three unimodal data and four multimodal combinations of different modalities, we constructed the sparse Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (sPLS-DA) classification models in the training set to achieve the multi-classification. The macro-averaged precision (Macro-P), macro-averaged recall (Macro-R), macro-averaged F1 value (Macro-F1), and accuracy were used to evaluate the model performance, with the optimal combination of modalities obtained explored for their applicability in the test set.

The classification performance of clinical information (Macro-P=0.781 8, Macro-R=0.804 6, Macro-F1=0.791 2, Accuracy=0.796 7) among the unimodal information was better than that of sMRI and fMRI modalities. The optimal number of potential components was 1, and the number of clinical information features was 9. Among the four multimodal combinations, the clinical information + fMRI combination had the strongest classification ability (Macro-P=0.806 2,Macro-R=0.800 6, Macro-F1=0.797 6, Accuracy=0.813 2), with the optimal number of potential components selected as 1,and the number of features were 5, while the sMRI + fMRI had the worst classification ability (Macro-P=0.401 7, Macro-R=0.398 3, Macro-F1=0.349 9, Accuracy=0.565 9).Applying the best modal combination to the test set, the model performance metrics achieved were 0.791 8 for Macro-P, 0.734 5 for Macro-R, 0.758 4 for Macro-F1, and 0.766 4(0.646 0, 0.846 5) for Accuracy.

The performance of the sPLS-DA classification model constructed based on each multimodal combination was higher than that of the unimodal, among which the combination of clinical information + fMRI modality had the best performance, which couldgreatly facilitate the formulation of scientific and reasonable clinical diagnosis plans.

To summarize the performance and implementation status of various randomization methods, and to provide clinical researchers with a guide for choosing an appropriate randomization method and executing it in a standardized manner.

The review elucidated the conceptual and implementation integrity of randomization, and illuminated the developmental history and application of major randomization methods, as well as their performance in the two competitive dimensions of group allocation randomness and group sample balance.

Restricted randomization was frequently used to maintain an appropriate treatment balance in practice. Block randomization was the most widely used, but its allocation sequence lacked sufficient randomness and could be predicted, elevating the risk of selection bias, especially in open-label trials. Methods offering a superior trade-off between randomness and balance included MTI restricted randomization methods like the big stick design and maximal procedure, as well as combinations of multiple randomization methods such as the block urn design and sandwich mixed randomization. Many clinical researchers still had misconceptions about the randomization concept itself and often overlooked its critical methodological rigor and standardized implementation.

Researchers should meticulously choose a suitable randomization method and report implementation details in a standardized manner, allowing peer researchers to evaluate the internal validity and evidence strength of the study. Due to its high predictability, the widely used block randomization method should be substituted by alternative methods with better performance. Future randomization procedures can be explored and developed based on the MTI restrictive methods and the combinations of existing methods.

To analyze adverse outcomes and influencing factors of elderly pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Guizhou Province and to provide a scientific basis for effective treatment of elderly pulmonary tuberculosis patients.

The medical records information of elderly pulmonary tuberculosis patients aged 65 and above in Guizhou Province from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2022, was extracted from the Tuberculosis Monitoring Report Management Information System. The time trend of adverse outcomes was analyzed using the chi-square trend test, inter-group comparison was conducted using the chi-square test, and binary logistic regression was employed to analyze influencing factors.

From 2011 to 2022, 10,820 elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis had adverse outcomes in Guizhou Province, with an adverse outcome rate of 12.91%. The rate of adverse outcomes increased from 2011 to 2015 (, P<0.001), and decreased from 2016 to 2022 (, P<0.001). Regarding regional distribution, Bijie City had the highest rate of adverse outcomes, and TongrenCity had the lowest rate (χ²=808.188, P<0.001)..The results of multivariate analysis showed that compared with the patients who were female, ethnic minorities, 65-69 years old, without comorbidities, newly treated, pathogenic negative, and without other tuberculosis, the patients were more likely to develop tuberculosis. Male (OR=1.323,95%CI=1.267-1.380), Han ethnic group (OR=1.168,95%CI= 1.117-1.222), 70-74 years old (OR=1.244,95%CI=1.181-1.310), 75-79 years old (OR=1.612,95%CI=1) 525-1.704), ≥80 years old (OR=2.322,95%CI=2.178-2.476), comorbidities (OR=1.261,95%CI=1.179-1.348), retreatment (OR=1.526,95%CI=1.423-1.636), positive pathogen (OR=1.244, 95%CI= 1.181-1.310) and other tuberculosis (OR=1.245,95%CI=1.161-1.336) were risk factors for poor outcomes.

Since the implementation of the "13th Five-Year Plan" for tuberculosis prevention and treatment, the adverse outcome rate of elderly tuberculosis patients in Guizhou Province has shown a gradual decreasing trend, but the distribution of the adverse outcome rate is uneven, which suggests that we need to continue to maintain a high degree of vigilance and strengthen preventive and control measures.

To understand the current situation of chronic kidney disease in the elderly in urban communities and to explore its influencing factors.

The data were based on the National Basic Public Health Service Project in Qingyang District, Chengdu in 2019. The physical examination data of the elderly aged 65 years or older were used and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated from serum creatinine using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation. CKD was defined as eGFR less than 60 mL/min per 1.73 m². Kruskal-Wallis H test, Chi-square test and linear trend Chi-square test were used to compare the differences in the prevalence of CKD among the elderly in urban communities with different characteristics, and the influencing factors of CKD among the elderly in urban communities were explored by multivariate logistic regression model.

Among the 23 851 elderly in urban communities, the prevalence of CKD was 9.8%, and the awareness rate was 6.7%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age 80 years or older (OR=9.874, 95%CI: 8.576-11.369, P<0.001), smoking (OR=1.221, 95%CI: 1.031-1.447, P=0.021), dyslipidemia (OR=1.400, 95%CI: 1.274-1.539, P<0.001), hypertension (OR=1.711, 95%CI: 1.546-1.894, P<0.001) and diabetes (OR=1.151, 95%CI: 1.043-1.27, P=0.005) were positively related to CKD. Higher education (OR=0.644, 95%CI: 0.526-0.787, P<0.001) and everyday physical activity (OR=0.647, 95%CI: 0.571-0.732, P<0.001) were negatively related to CKD.

The prevalence of CKD in the elderly in urban communities is high, but the awareness rate is low. To optimize the management of CKD in urban communities and aim at lowering the development of CKD and slowing its progression.

To provide reference for controlling or delaying the decline of pulmonary ventilation function in male pneumoconiosis patients by studying associations of serum albumin levels with the risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in male pneumoconiosis patients.

A retrospective cohort design was adopted in this study. Male pneumoconiosis patients who were hospitalized in West China Fourth Hospital from January 2012 to December 2021 and did not have pulmonary ventilation dysfunction at baseline were selected as the study objects. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to calculate HRs and 95% CIs to evaluate the association of baseline serum albumin levels and the risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction. Restricted cubic spline plot was used to explore whether there was a dose-response relationship between baseline serum albumin concentrations and the risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction.

A total of 746 subjects were included in this study. Fully adjusted model results of Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that male pneumoconiosis patients with serum albumin higher than 40.8 g/L had a reduced risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction compared with male pneumoconiosis patients with serum albumin lower than 34.4g/L (HR=0.660, 95%CI: 0.439-0.992). The restricted cubic spline figure showed that the risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in male pneumoconiosis patients gradually decreased with the gradual increase of serum albumin concentrations and there was a linear negative relationship between baseline serum albumin concentrations and the incidence risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in male pneumoconiosis patients (P<0.05).

Higher serum albumin is a protective factor for severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in male pneumoconiosis patients and maintaining the serum albumin concentrations above 40.8 g/L can reduce the risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction.