This experiment was conducted in Quanjiao County. Using the indica-type three-line hybrid rice variety Jiuyouyuehesi as the material, five fertilization treatments were set up to study the effects of different ratios of slow-release and controlled-release nitrogen fertilizers on rice yield, nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate, and economic benefits. Slow-release and controlled-release nitrogen fertilizers could effectively coordinate the population structure of rice, improve nitrogen absorption efficiency, and reduce nitrogen loss. This was a fertilization mode suitable for the simplified and efficient production of rice in Quanjiao County.

In the context of the low-altitude economy, this paper systematically explored the theoretical basis and industrial chain composition of the integration of general aviation and rural tourism. The study revealed that the current situation of rural tourism resources and aviation infrastructure in Henan Province was facing challenges such as airspace approval bottlenecks, insufficient human resources and operational capabilities, product homogeneity, and inadequate safety guarantees. To address these issues, this paper proposed four strategies to promote the deep integration and sustainable development of the low-altitude economy and rural tourism in Henan Province.

Through research, it could be found that ideological and political course reform could provide support for rural cultural revitalization by consolidating ideological foundations, cultivating key talents, and integrating diverse resources. There was an inherent coupling relationship between the two in terms of value, resources, and practice. At the same time, the integration of the two faced many difficulties such as the dual breakage of talent support and local identity, insufficient adaptability between educational supply and rural demand, suspended practice carriers and fragmented resource investment, and the lack of long-term mechanisms resulting in one-way mathematics and insufficient internal driving force. Therefore, it was necessary to promote the deep integration and two-way enabling of ideological and political course reform and rural cultural revitalization through diversified integration paths.

By establishing a long-term positioning experimental area in Yanyuan County and conducting soil sampling and analysis under different rotation patterns, this study investigated the dynamic effects of rotation patterns on soil physical and chemical properties. The results showed that compared with the traditional rotation pattern, the simplified rotation pattern significantly increased the contents of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, and available nitrogen, effectively improved the soil pH, and provided favorable soil fertility conditions for the continuous high yield of local forest-underground economic crops.

To enhance the energy-saving level of tobacco drying, an in-depth comparative study was conducted on the application effects of open-type, closed-type, and semi-open-type air-source heat pumped in tobacco drying. Through theoretical calculations and field tests, it was found that the semi-open-type unit, relying on the synergy of heat recovery from waste heat and dynamic moisture removal, had the lowest power consumption for drying dry tobacco leaves, demonstrating significant energy-saving advantages. The research results could provide a basis for the selection and promotion of tobacco drying heat pump equipment.

Took the Nanyang section of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project as an example, by analyzing the regional and engineering characteristics, types of ecological risks, and governance practices, the key links of collaborative governance were analyzed. A mechanism construction idea was proposed based on the premise of responsibility division, support of information sharing, handling of monitoring and early warning and emergency linkage as the main focus, guarantee of coordinated law enforcement and daily supervision as the support, and support of funds, personnel, and assessment and evaluation as the basis. Further optimization paths were proposed in aspects such as source reduction and ecological restoration of small watersheds, ecological compensation and behavioral incentives, resilience management during sensitive periods, social co-governance and improvement of grassroots capabilities, and full life-cycle management of projects, to promote the collaborative governance of major engineering water source areas under the constraint of high-standard water supply.

Based on the damage caused by Sphacelotheca reiliana, this paper focused on the aspects such as the selection and application of disease-resistant varieties, control of the initial infection source, strengthening of cultivation management during the seedling stage, and application of chemical treatments, and proposed comprehensive control measures, with the aim of providing experience and reference for the prevention and control of Sphacelotheca reiliana.

An investigation was conducted on the wild resources in six provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) from July to September in 2025. Combined with GPS positioning sampling, a total of 55 samples were identified, and an evaluation system consisting of 7 indicators including appearance and nutrition was constructed. The comprehensive score was determined using the analytic hierarchy process. The results showed that Sichuan was the core distribution area, with an altitude range of 800~1 500 meters being the most suitable growth zone; there was a significant regional difference in the total free amino acid content, a total of 4 excellent varieties were screened out, which were suitable for fresh consumption, nutritional health care and processing purposes. The research results could provide scientific basis for the protection and industrial development of Ficus tikoua germplasm resources.

Accurately identifying the stage boundaries and characteristic attributes of agricultural mechanization development is a logical prerequisite for following objective laws and promoting the high-quality development of the industry. This paper took the phased laws of social and economic form evolution as the theoretical foundation of Marxist historical materialism, combined the discussion on the particularity of phased contradictions in On Contradiction, and based on the division standards of agricultural mechanization development stages established in NY/T 1408.1—2007 Evaluation of Agricultural Mechanization Level-Part 1: Crop Cultivation it conducted a systematic stage division and characteristic decomposition of China's 77-year development process of agricultural mechanization from 1949 to 2025, from the two dimensions of production mode transformation and employment structure transformation. The research findings indicated that China's agricultural mechanization had successively gone through the primary stage (from 1949 to 2006), characterized by a focus on the modularization, and the intermediate stage (from 2007 to 2025), characterized by a focus on the full-processization. Currently, it was in a critical transitional period as it was moving towards the advanced stage. The primary stage presented the basic attributes of traditional production methods dominating, partial penetration of mechanization, and a relatively low development rate. The employment structure experienced a historical turning point from "increasing machines and increasing people" to "increasing machines and reducing people". The intermediate stage, driven by institutional supply and policy dividends, achieved a historic leap in the full-process mechanization of major crop production. Mechanized production methods established a dominant position, and the total power of agricultural machinery, the comprehensive production capacity of grain, and agricultural labor productivity all achieved a quantitative leap. The social employment structure completed a fundamental reconfiguration from "one, three, two" to "three, two, one". The advanced stage would be characterized by comprehensive, intelligent, and green as its core indicators, pointing to the coverage of agricultural mechanization in all fields and all links and the empowerment of new quality productive forces in industrial upgrading. This paper verified the scientificity and applicability of the division criteria for the stages of agricultural mechanization, clarifies the historical position that China's agricultural mechanization was about to enter the advanced stage, and could provide theoretical support and decision-making basis for the high-quality development of agricultural machinery equipment in the "15th Five-Year Plan" period and the selection of the path for building an agricultural power.

This study focused on the water diversion project system of the Yellow River's middle and lower reaches centered around the Xiaolangdi Reservoir, systematically analyzing its mechanisms and effectiveness in flood control and disaster reduction as well as agricultural irrigation guarantee. Historical operation data and typical cases showed that the Xiaolangdi Reservoir had a stable reduction ratio of more than 40% in flood peak flow, significantly enhancing the flood control standard. At the same time, through water storage regulation and cross-regional water transfer, it could effectively guarantee water supply for downstream and cross-regional irrigation during dry periods, supporting food security and ecological security. The study also pointed out that the project operation still faced challenges such as extreme climate and water resource competition, and further optimization of scheduling strategies and improvement of collaborative management levels were needed. The research results could provide scientific basis for the refined scheduling of water diversion projects and sustainable management of water resources in the basin, and were of great significance for ensuring national water security, food security and ecological security.