Vertical joints are a key characteristic of loess, contributing to its strong anisotropies. This factor must be taken into consideration in engineering activities. The development mechanism of vertical joints in loess at great depths under the influence of dry-wet cycles was investigated, focusing on a highway tunnel passing through a loess irrigation area. The appropriate method was also explored for calculating this phenomenon. Through a comprehensive analysis of diffraction patterns and scanning electron microscopy, it was proposed that soluble salts in the loess play a key role in cementation. A significant amount of soluble salts dissolved in water and migrated downward during dry-wet cycles, disrupting the cementation of the loess. This results in a shift from point-to-point contact between soil particles to point-to-surface or surface-to-surface contact. Additionally, the recrystallization after migration leads to the development and expansion of fine pores in the loess. The continued expansion of the joint fracture volume also creates a pathway for further downward penetration of the water flow. This cyclical interaction between loess and water will facilitate the development of joint fractures at greater depths. The surface cracks and sinkholes in underground engineering activities carried out in similar strata are the visible signs of the progressive development of internal cracks in loess from the subsurface to the surface. The utilization of random joint mesh DNF in finite element software to convert joints into discrete, planar, and finite-size elements is a viable approach for representing the anisotropy of loess in calculations. It also introduces a new concept for the equivalent treatment of discontinuous problems using the continuous mechanics method.

Personal data has become a crucial production factor in the digital economy era. The transportation sector, being a data-intensive industry, contains much personal data. To address current issues of data storage insecurity and difficulties in data circulation and sharing, constructing a new data service model—Personal Data Bank for Transportation was proposed. This bank emulates the operational model of commercial banks, employing blockchain technology and distributed storage solutions to enhance data security and privacy protection. A contribution-based incentive strategy fosters collaboration between users and the data bank, underlining the importance of user participation and the potential benefits for all stakeholders. The Personal Data Bank for Transportation facilitates data storage, viewing and purchase retrieval, thereby achieving data circulation while clarifying ownership issues in data transactions. Its goal is to ensure personal data’s secure and efficient flow and improve the relationship between enterprises and individual data subjects.

According to the problem of multiple attributes group decision making, in which the attribute values are given in terms of picture fuzzy numbers, a picture fuzzy multiple attributes group decision making model based on projection and cross entropy was established. The projection was introduced into the picture fuzzy multiple attributes group decision making to find the weights of the experts. The weighted symmetric discrimination information measure for PFSs of each alternative corresponding to each expert and the ideal alternative were obtained by using cross entropy, then according to the weight of the experts, the weighted symmetric discrimination information measure values of each alternative and the ideal alternative were assembled. The optimal alternative is obtained. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the practicality and effectiveness of the proposed method.

To study the optimal excavation method for shallow-buried soft rock large-section tunnels, detailed numerical models were established for the step method, the cross-middle wall method and the double side wall guiding pit method. The research focused on the time-space evolution of the ground displacement field during the construction process and the stress distribution of the supporting structure. The results show than the excavation using the double side wall guiding pit method induces smaller crown settlement displacements. The ground settlement caused by the three excavation methods is characterized by a U-shaped curve, with the double side wall guiding pit method resulting in the smallest surface settlement displacement. The initial support stress calculated for the double side wall guiding pit method is higher, but remains within a safe range.

As an economic engine and strategic choice in the new era, the low-altitude economy has great strategic significance and broad market prospects. At present, the development of low-altitude economy is boosted by new quality productivity, the industrial chain foundation is relatively stable, and various provinces and cities are accelerating the formulation and improvement of relevant policies and regulations. However, in the process of developing the low-altitude economy, there are still problems such as the relatively slow speed of infrastructure construction, the research and development capacity of key technologies to be strengthened, and the industry support capacity to be improved. Therefore, in view of the current problems, the focus is on the comparison of the policies and plans of various provinces and cities, in order to better promote the development of the low-altitude economy, it is necessary to further play the role of the market, focus on key industries and fields, strengthen infrastructure construction, enhance the supporting role of scientific and technological innovation in the low-altitude economy, accelerate the industrialization and commercialization process of the low-altitude economy, and carry out multi-scenario “low-altitude economy +” mode and other strategies to fully release the value of the low-altitude economy.

In recent years, the construction industry has been in a downturn, and companies and employees are generally facing huge challenges. Improving employees’ job embeddedness is particularly important. However, current research is mostly based on ordinary enterprises and public service personnel, lacking the development of effective measurement tools for work embedding in engineering project contexts. Based on the interview content and literature analysis, interviews with seven experts in the field of engineering projects and a dimensional structure of work embedding in the project context were firstly conducted. Subsequently, following a strict scale development process, a preliminary set of organizational embedding consisting of 15 items and organizational embedding consisting of 7 items were established. After expert scoring and reliability and validity testing, the final scale consisting of 11 items and 6 items is formed, which is proven to have good reliability and validity, and can provide reference for the management and development of engineering project teams.

Based on expert interviews, relevant literature research and practical experience, combined with the characteristics of the whole-process engineering consulting model, corresponding hypotheses were put forward and a model of the mechanism of constraints on the application of the whole-process engineering consulting model was constructed. Based on the PLS-SEM method, the mechanism model was verified. The verification results show that policy guarantee, market cultivation, service ability and social awareness all directly affect the application of the whole-process engineering consulting model, and the direct effects are policy guarantee> service ability> social awareness >and market cultivation. Market cultivation and service capabilities play a partly intermediary role between policy guarantee and the application of the whole-process engineering consulting model.

In order to explore the influencing mechanisms of the safety training effects of the new generational construction workers, questionnaire surveys and interviews on 10 construction projects under construction were conducted to analyze the safety training effects of the new generation of construction workers, consulting the relevant literature, based on the learning theory and training transfer theory, the theoretical model between individual factors, organizational factors, external environment, a structural equation model of training system factors and safety training effects was established and empirically tested. The findings indicate that personal factors have a positive effect on the safety training effect of the new group of construction workers, the external environmental factors have a positive effect on the safety training effect of the new generational construction workers, and the personal, organizational and training system factors play a part of the mediating effect. The training system factors have a positive effect on the safety training effect of the new generation of construction workers, and the role of personality elements in intermediate effects. Organizational factors have a positive effect on the safety training effect of the new generation of construction workers, and individual factors play a partial mediating effect. The results of the study may provide a resource for enhancing the efficacy of safety training for the new group of construction workers.

To address the lack of emphasis on carbon emissions in traditional airline network and fleet planning, an integrated optimization approach that incorporates carbon emissions into the planning process was proposed. The model was based on a multi-allocation hub-and-spoke network structure, taking into account route selection, demand distribution, capacity constraints and fleet size. Emissions were calculated using Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standards, cruise phases, and a carbon tax mechanism was applied to convert emissions into cost elements, resulting in a joint optimization mathematical model aimed at minimizing airline operating costs. The model was solved using the Gurobi commercial solver. Results indicate that airlines should prioritize low-emission short-haul flights to meet market demand, and policymakers should consider gradually raising carbon tax levels to foster sustainable development in the aviation industry.

In the era of informatization, handwritten digit recognition has wide applications in computer vision and pattern recognition. In order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of handwritten digit recognition, four convolutional neural network (CNN)-based algorithm models were designed and tested. An empirical study was conducted on the MNIST dataset to compare the training performance of different models. The experimental results show that the multilayer CNN model performs best, with an accuracy rate of 98.9%, and each training cycle takes about 20 seconds. This indicates that increasing the number of convolutional layers and using high-level APIs help improve recognition accuracy, further enhancing the application performance of CNN in handwritten digit recognition. New insights and methods are provided for designing efficient and accurate handwritten digit recognition models.

Erosion wear of movable elbow is an important problem that cannot be ignored in fracturing field. In view of the phenomenon that particles carried in fracturing fluid are prone to erosion and wear of movable elbow pipes, a flow channel model was established. Orthogonal tests were designed according to the fluid parameters and pipeline structural parameters of movable elbow, and the influence of the erosion rate was analyzed by CFD numerical simulation. The test results show that the influence degree of each working parameter on the erosion rate of movable elbow is particle mass flow rate > particle diameter >2# bend Angle > flow rate. According to the orthogonal test results can guide the actual work, when the movable elbow is placed in U-shape, the erosion wear is the largest, and the position is in the bending surface of the elbow, so the movable elbow should be avoided in the U-shape state to reduce the erosion. At the same time, the erosion resistance design of the bend of the movable elbow is carried out, and the triangle erosion resistance groove is added. The maximum erosion wear rate of the original structure and the improved structure is compared with that of the original structure. The erosion wear of the improved structure is reduced by 39.01%, which proves that the improvement can effectively reduce the erosion wear of the movable elbow during work, and provides a solution for the erosion resistance of the movable elbow.

Data security is critical for the healthy development of industrial internet platforms. To scientifically quantify the data security level of these platforms, resilience theory was introduced. Based on the understanding of resilience in the field of system security, the concept of data security resilience for industrial internet platforms was proposed, which included four dimensions, such as risk anticipation, defense, resistance and recovery. Building on this, a data security evaluation index system for industrial internet platforms from a resilience perspective was developed using text mining and semantic network analysis. The G1 method was applied to determine the independent weights of resilience indicators, while the DEMATEL method was used to quantify the interrelationships among these indicators, resulting in hybrid weights. Furthermore, a cloud model-based evaluation model for data security resilience of industrial internet platforms is proposed. This model is applied to assess the data security resilience of the YQ industrial internet platform, with the results aligning with actual conditions, thus validating the scientific and rational basis of the hybrid-weighted and cloud model-based evaluation method. Finally, recommendations are made for the future development of data security resilience in industrial internet platforms, providing theoretical support for enhancing data security resilience moving forward.

The path was explored to enhance the digital innovation resilience of SRDI enterprises from the three dimensions of digital transformation environment dynamics, the digital dynamic capability and digital innovation strategy, and the analytical ideas of fsQCA methodology was applied. The study found that individual factors do not constitute a necessary condition for high digital innovation resilience, but high digital sensing capability play a pervasive role in enhancing digital innovation resilience. There are four configurations for achieving high digital innovation resilience, and according to digital capabilities and environmental dynamics, “SRDI” manufacturing enterprises should choose different digital innovation strategies to enhance resilience and promote high-quality development.

Smart marketing in tourism accompanied by people’s emotional trigger points provides strategies for tourism marketing, and the role and mechanism of the influence of emotional trigger points and the integration of wisdom marketing on the perception of tourism brand authenticity are worth exploring. Cultural identity gives tourists a sense of belonging and motivates to explore the authenticity of tourism. From the perspective of cultural identity, the brainstorming method was used to select experimental stimuli, design scales and launch offline scenario experiments, and the recovered valid data were analyzed. The study explores the influence mechanism of cultural identity, emotional trigger points, smart marketing, experience value and brand authenticity perception. The results of the study show that tourists’ cultural identity, experiential value, and smart marketing all significantly and positively affect tourists’ perception of brand authenticity. The emotion triggered by smart marketing significantly and positively affects tourists’ experience; and consumers’ cultural identity is positively correlated with smart marketing. It is suggested that tourism destinations should focus on the cultural needs of tourists, highlight the special cultural connotations, and build a “wisdom + culture” model with the help of wisdom technology innovation to enhance the perception of tourism brand authenticity.

Water blocking damage is a common issue in the development of tight sandstone gas reservoirs, significantly impacting gas well production and reservoir recovery rates. Taking the gas reservoirs in the southern margin of Ordos as an example, the degree of water blocking damage in the gas reservoirs was analyzed, the typical production characteristics of gas wells with water blocking damage in tight gas reservoirs was discussed, and technologies were proposed for the prevention and treatment of reservoir water blocking. The research results indicate that the gas reservoirs in the southern margin of Ordos experience moderate to strong water blocking damage. After water blocking, gas wells exhibit production characteristics such as insignificant production increase after fracturing, inability to restore production after reopening the well following shutdown, and limited effectiveness of wellbore drainage measures. To effectively prevent and treat water blocking damage, comprehensive prevention and treatment methods are proposed, including the use of small-diameter coiled tubing to avoid premature fluid accumulation in gas wells, maintaining continuous and stable production, and implementing physicochemical processes to eliminate water blocking damage. Field test results demonstrate that the integrated application of these methods can effectively prevent and eliminate water blocking damage, thereby restoring gas well production.

Taking five counties, Songpan County, Heishui County, Mao County, Li County and Wenchuan County in the upstream area of the Minjiang River as the research object, the data of the tourism-economy-ecological environment system (TEE system) of the five counties in the period of 2010—2023 was measured, and the comprehensive effect and the degree of coupling coordination were quantified by using the entropy method and the coupling coordination model. The spatial and temporal evolution characteristics and spatial differences of the coordinated development of different county systems were analyzed. The results show that the state of coordinated development of the TEE system in the five counties in the upper Minjiang River region is at a low level type. All five counties’ coupling coordination degree scores are below 0.3, and all of them are still in the state of severe or moderate dysfunction. The development of TEE system coupling coordination degree of the five counties upstream of Minjiang River is in the fluctuating upward trend, in which the development trend of tourism-economy system maintains rapid development, and the ecological environment system lags behind relatively. The evolution path of TEE system coordination in the five counties upstream of the Minjiang River is a gradual leaping path model, which can be divided into three specific subdivided situations, such as the “severe disorder” path, the “extreme disorder-severe disorder” path, and the “severe disorder-moderate disorder” path. According to the results of the internal coupling and coordination analysis, Songpan County and Heishui County belong to the tourism super-advanced type, while Mao County, Li County and Wenchuan County belong to the economic super-advanced type. The scores of the ecological environment system of the five counties are seriously lagging behind the tourism system and the economic system, and the ecological environment is under severe pressure. Finally, the five counties in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River are proposed to improve their TEE system by improving their spatial and temporal characteristics and laws.

Based on the rainfall duration, intensity and rainfall data of Xiejiagou small watershed from 2014 to 2018, the basic rainfall standard for erosive rainfall in the study area was obtained through the 80% frequency analysis method and statistical methods, and the characteristics of erosive rainfall within a year and between years were analyzed. The research results show that erosive rainfall has an inter-annual fluctuation characteristic, and June is the key month for the prevention of erosive rainfall in the study area. In the erosive rainfall events of heavy rain and heavy rain, high-intensity rainfall(I₃₀≥30 mm/h)is the main driving force for soil erosion. The research results can provide reference basis for protecting ecological environment, predicting and controlling soil and water loss in small watersheds.

The migration trajectory of agricultural surface source pollution in watersheds and the factors influencing it are of great theoretical and practical significance. Further study of these factors would be beneficial in the prevention and control of surface source pollution in watersheds. An analysis of panel data on agricultural surface source pollution loads within the Yuanjiang River Basin in Hunan Province from 2013 to 2022 was analyzed to investigate the spatial and temporal characteristics of this phenomenon. The results demonstrate that the total nitrogen and total phosphorus pollutant loads in the Yuanjiang River Basin of Hunan Province from 2013 to 2022 exhibit a general decreasing trend, with a spatial pattern of “more in the east and less in the west”. Additionally, the intensity of pollutant loads demonstrates a decreasing trend, with a spatial decrease from a northeast-southwest line to both sides. The intensity of pollution loads is also observed to be decreasing, exhibiting a pattern of decline from the northeast to the southwest. Additionally, the migration trajectory of the center of gravity of the pollution loads is identified to be generally V-shaped, with an eastward migration.

As one of the most active regions in China’s economic development, various strategic emerging industries in the Yangtze River Delta has been continuously emerging in recent years. Since most of the strategic emerging industries are closely related to scientific and technological innovation, it is crucial to promote scientific and innovative finance to support the development of strategic emerging industries in the Yangtze River Delta. Firstly, the relevant policy background was sorted out, and the goal of the integrated development of strategic emerging industries in the Yangtze River Delta was drawn out. Then, the development status of scientific and innovative finance and strategic emerging industries in the Yangtze River Delta was sorted out, which highlighted the important role of scientific and innovative finance in the development process of strategic emerging industries in the Yangtze River Delta. Then, the problems of scientific and innovative finance in the development of strategic emerging industries in the Yangtze River Delta were summarized, including regional development imbalance, single financing channels, institutional guarantee to be improved, and scientific and technological innovation ecological construction to be strengthened. Finally, policy suggestions are proposed, including establishing a multi-level financial system for scientific and innovative finance, promoting the virtuous cycle of “science and technology-industry-finance”, accelerating the innovation and development of green science and technology, and improving the level of data intelligence of scientific and innovative finance.

During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, Gansu Province has planned to construct the Lanzhou Metropolitan Area with Lanzhou City as the core and its adjacent municipal areas as the hinterland. With the rapid construction and layout of regional transportation facilities, the external transportation pattern of the Lanzhou Metropolitan Area has gradually taken shape. Based on the big data of population migration within the metropolitan area, the current situation of transportation between cities was studied, and the integrated layout of transportation facilities was optimized. The results of the characteristics of the inter-city travel network of residents constructed based on different time periods and different transportation modes indicate that the overall travel network of regional residents presents a “radiation-shaped” pattern centered on Lanzhou. The travel scale and stability of the routes between Lanzhou and the cities in the hinterland are large, while the connections between the hinterland cities are relatively weak. Compared with the daily period, the travel intensity during special holidays and the “Spring Festival travel rush” increases, but it is still dominated by large-scale daily routes. Road transportation is the main mode of regional travel. Conventional railways no longer meet the needs of rapid inter-city travel, while high-speed railways promote large-scale inter-city travel. Based on the current characteristics, optimization strategies for the transportation integration of the Lanzhou Metropolitan Area are proposed respectively from the three transportation modes of aviation, railways, and roads to promote regional coordinated development.

Cities are important carriers of regional development, which can play a leading role in regional coordinated development, and the study of urban development level can better grasp the essence and direction of regional development. Based on the traditional gravitational model, a gravitational model was constructed to measure the gravitational strength between cities and the relative gravitational strength of a single city in Gansu Province in 2012 and 2022 with the help of relevant data of population, economy, society, ecology and transportation in 14 cities in Gansu Province, and the evolution of urban spatial gravitational network structure was analyzed. Based on the regional strategy of “one core and three belts” in Gansu Province, the study concludes that the core position of gravitational strength in Lanzhou is significant, and it has a driving effect on the surrounding cities. The Jiuquan-Jiayuguan area has become the sub-center of gravitational intensity, which has not had an obvious driving effect on the surrounding cities. There are significant differences in gravitational values among cities in different regions of the province. The gravitational network structure of urban space has gradually evolved from irregular to “pendulum-shaped” structure. The development of each city should formulate development strategies according to the actual situation of inter-city gravity and urban quality, so as to solve the current situation of backward development of the economic belt of the Hexi Corridor and the ecological function belt of the upper reaches of the Yellow River.

There are 3 866 ancient and famous trees in Taiyuan, belonging to 30 families, 52 genera and 62 species, mainly Zizyphus jujuba, Sophora japonica, Platycladus orientalis, Pinus tabulaeformis and other native species. Through the analysis of nuclear density, it is found that 9 regions with higher estimated nuclear density are formed in the central and eastern regions of Taiyuan. The main gathering areas of jujube, Chinese sophora, platycypress and Pinus tabulatus, which have the largest number of ancient and famous trees, are located in the central, eastern and southern, southern, central and northeastern regions of Taiyuan respectively. Based on historical documents, the historical and cultural values of these four major tree species are expounded from the perspectives of folk customs, religious beliefs and ancient city history.

The Upper Yellow River City Cluster is the highest form of urban spatial organization in Northwest China, and it is the region with the closest exchange of materials, information and people among the cities in the upper Yellow River. In this paper, the gravity model was optimized and improved in terms of two dimensions, such as the assessment of the comprehensive strength of cities as well as the absolute and relative linkage strength, and the improved gravity model was used to evaluate the characteristics of urban spatial linkages of 10 cities in the Upper Yellow River City Cluster from 2018 to 2021, and to analyze their spatial patterns and evolution. The results show that large cities in the Upper Yellow River City Cluster show more radiation effects, while small cities are more attracted by external cities. With the passage of time, the strength of the connection between cities has been strengthened, gradually forming a spatial pattern of transition from “single nucleus” to “multiple nuclei”, with the spatial layout showing one center, three circles, three nuclei in the shape of V, and the Yellow River becoming an axis and cities being in the same belt, and the spatial pattern of the cities can be classified as follows Three groups, such as Lanzhou City Group, Yinchuan City Group, Xining City Group. There is a big difference in the development of each cluster, and it is urgent to find the development path to realize the differentiated development.

In order to search for a new model suitable for the development of collaborative innovation in the biomedical industry in LZ city, the current situation and problems of biomedical industry in LZ city were sorted out through literature analysis and investigation, comparing the existing collaborative innovation development modes in LZ city, and combining with the theory of collaborative innovation to search for new modes suitable for its development of collaborative innovation. It is found that LZ city biomedical industry has a variety of collaborative innovation models, on the basis of which it is necessary to form a closer government-industry-academia-research-utilization of the new mode of collaborative innovation. At present, the most suitable model for biomedical development in LZ city is the new model of collaborative innovation between government-industry-academia-research-application based on joint decision-making by multiple subjects, multi-stage synergy and scientific distribution of benefits and close relationship.

It is of great practical significance to promote the in-depth implementation of innovation-driven development strategy and promote the high-quality development of manufacturing industry in Shandong Province by constructing the scientific and technological innovation system of manufacturing industry and deepening the collaborative innovation of industry, university and research. The entropy method was used to evaluate the efficiency of the scientific and technological innovation system of manufacturing industry in Shandong Province. By comparing with Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, the current situation and challenges of the scientific and technological innovation system of manufacturing industry in Shandong Province were analyzed from three aspects, such as scientific research, technological innovation and industrial innovation. In order to promote the coordinated development of scientific and technological innovation of manufacturing industry in Shandong Province and build a new pattern of high-quality development, a deep collaborative development strategy is put forward and its feasibility is analyzed.

Improving the ecological resilience of the Yellow River Basin is an important aspect of ecological protection and high-quality development.A spatial econometric model was used to analyze the impact of digital economy on ecological resilience in 66 cities in the Yellow River Basin from 2011 to 2020.The results indicate that the overall level of ecological resilience in the Yellow River Basin is relatively low, with slow development and further widening regional disparities. The role of digital economy in ecological resilience has obvious nonlinear characteristics, with a more significant impact on the entire watershed and upstream, while the impact on the midstream is less significant. The impact of the digital economy on ecological resilience has a significant spatial spillover effect, with direct and indirect benefits across the entire watershed. The direct effect is dominant in the middle and lower reaches, while the spatial spillover effect in the upstream is not significant. The main reasons for the non-linear effect of digital economy on ecological resilience are the differences in economic development, government intervention, and foreign investment.

Optimizing the business environment is an important prerequisite for promoting high-quality economic development. Based on the data of Zhejiang Province and its 11 prefecture-level cities from 2013 to 2022, the coupling coordination degree model was used to explore the coupling and coordination relationship between business environment and economic growth in Zhejiang Province as a whole and in each prefecture-level city. The results show that the overall level of coupling and coordination between business environment and economic growth in Zhejiang Province is increasing year by year. Among them, the coordinated development of Hangzhou and Ningbo is particularly prominent. The coordinated development level of Wenzhou, Shaoxing, Jiaxing, Taizhou, Jinhua, Huzhou and Zhoushan has been improved, but it is still insufficient. Quzhou and Lishui are still in a state of imbalance, and it is urgent to further optimize the business environment to promote coordinated economic development.

Given the uniqueness of world heritage resources, an increasing number have been developed into tourism resources to attract tourists from various regions. Based on theories related to tourism spatial structure, such as the tourism location theory, the central place theory, and the growth pole theory, a study on the tourism spatial structure of the world cultural heritage sites in Quanzhou was conducted. Through kernel density analysis, it is concluded that the world cultural heritage sites in Licheng District and Fengze District of Quanzhou present a dense distribution in a planar form, while those in Jinjiang City and Shishi City show a dense point distribution, and in other counties and cities, they are dispersed in a point pattern. Issues exist such as an imbalanced overall spatial distribution of the heritage sites, insufficient exploitation of tourism resource advantages, inadequate exploration of heritage value and integration of resources, and a relatively low influence of the tourism brand. For this reason, a tourism spatial pattern of “one belt-three zones-six cores” is constructed in the approach of tourism spatial structure. According to this pattern, strategies such as optimizing the spatial layout, perfecting the design of tourism routes, deepening the integration of culture and tourism, strengthening the combination of virtual and real elements, and enhancing regional cooperation are proposed to enhance the cultural value and tourism brand effect of the world cultural heritage sites in Quanzhou and promote the flourishing development of tourism.

Agricultural credit is an important driving force for the economic development of pastoral areas, and the lending behavior is also very common among the herdsmen. Some herdsmen even repay the loans by means of “borrowing the new and returning the old”. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the heterogeneous impact of agricultural credit on the income increase of the herdsmen. Using the survey data of pastoral farmers covering the four cities of Inner Mongolia in 2020, the two stage of least squares (2 SLS) was used to test the heterogeneous effect of agricultural credit on animal husbandry. The results show that the promotion effect of agricultural credit on the net income of pastoral households is relatively significant, mainly acting on livestock income and non-livestock income. There is obvious heterogeneity in the income effect of agricultural credit in pastoral households with different micro characteristics. It is better income effect of pastoral credit with higher income level, higher income effect of pastoral credit with rich human capital, and higher income effect of credit in pastoral households with short feeding time is more effective. In the results of the mediation effect analysis, agricultural credit can affect the livestock size of pastoral households and thus affect their income. In view of the above results, suggestions are put forward for further improving the financial literacy of pastoral families in the future, vigorously playing the role of inclusive finance and commercial credit, and increasing the credit support of pastoral families.

Understanding the evolution of the industry-university-research collaboration(IUR) in the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Zone is crucial for promoting high-quality coordinated development in the region. Based on a multidimensional network perspective and utilizing social network analysis, the evolutionary characteristics of IUR collaboration in terms of spatial, technological and innovative entities was examined. The results are as follows. A spatial network has emerged with a dual-core innovation pattern centered around Chengdu and Chongqing, supported by cross-regional connections with first-tier cities such as Beijing and Shanghai. Technological innovation demonstrates stability in focal technologies, widespread application of dominant technologies and trends in interdisciplinary collaboration. In the network of innovative entities, an innovation pattern dominated by enterprises and supported by universities has initially formed, with the industry-university cooperation model prevailing.

Taking Mengniu Dairy’s acquisition of Miaoke Landuo as an example, the motivation and performance of dairy industry M&A was discussed to analyze the strategic considerations behind M&A and its impact on firm performance. Through literature analysis and case studies, qualitative analysis method was adopted, combined with financial data and market performance, to evaluate the effect of mergers and acquisitions. The results show that Mengniu’s acquisition of Miaoke Lando effectively expands its cheese product line, and improves its market share and brand influence. After the acquisition, Mengniu’s competitiveness in the high-end dairy market has been significantly enhanced, and its financial performance has improved, but it faces certain integration costs and operational challenges in the short term. It is concluded that M&A in dairy industry is helpful to achieve scale effect, product diversification and market expansion, but successful integration and synergies are the key to achieve M&A benefits.

In order to solve the seal failure and string safety problems caused by unreasonable application of prestress on the positioning seal of the injection pipe string in Q Oilfield of Bohai Sea, the wellbore string model of the injection well was established by using Landmark software to simulate and analyze the string expansion during the injection process of well X1 and the mechanical behavior changes of the pipe string after different prestress was applied to the positioning seal. The results show that the scientific application of positioning sealing prestress according to different well inclines can reduce the risk of pipe seal failure. The research results can provide theoretical support for the rational application of positioning sealing prestress to the waterflood string in Q oilfield.

Smart community policy is an important basis for the high-quality development of smart communities. Quantitative research on smart community policies is of great significance to promote the construction of smart communities and improve the intelligent and intelligent level of community governance services. Based on the period from 2014 to 2023, 36 policies on smart communities was issued by the central and local governments, and text mining methods was used to build a smart community policy evaluation index system. At the same time, the PMC index model was used to select 11 representative policies for in-depth quantitative assessment. It is found that eight items are excellent policies, three are acceptable policies, and the average PMC index is 7.26, which shows that the smart community policy formulation is more scientific and reasonable. However, it still needs to be improved in terms of policy nature, timeliness, policy fields and policy content.

Green development and low-carbon transformation is the only way to develop the new quality of productive forces, and it is a profound systematic change, which is bound to have a profound and wide-ranging impact on China’s economy and society. The impact of the performance of listed companies in the low-carbon economy from the dual perspectives of game perspective and quasi-natural experiment of “low-carbon city pilot” policy was explored. The pilot policy promotes performance improvement through three ways, such as mitigating inefficient investment, improving financial status and alleviating financing constraints. Meanwhile, the impact of the pilot policy on corporate performance is heterogeneous across industries and business-age enterprises. Policy insights in the development of low-carbon economy to continue are provided to cultivate and promote new quality productivity, stimulate enterprise innovation, and improve the information disclosure mechanism.

In the context of smart city development, the intelligent transformation of communities, as a critical juncture for the interaction between urban information and residents’ daily lives, has become increasingly significant. Based on 251 relevant articles from the CNKI database spanning 2012 to 2024, bibliometric analysis was employed and CiteSpace6.3.R1 was used to visualize keyword co-occurrences, clustering and emerging trends, thereby the research hotspots and frontiers in smart community development was identified. The findings show that future advancements should focus on five key areas, such as information security, human-centered design, smart elderly care services, sustainability and resilience and equitable public service provision.

Low-carbon transition has become a common choice for countries around the world to cope with the ecological and environmental crisis, and the identification of low-carbon economic development modes has become an academic focus. The low-carbon economic development mode and regional differences were identified among 30 provinces(due to the lack of data, the statistical data mentioned here do not include the Tibet Autonomous Region, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan Province) in China from 2006 to 2020 by measuring the contribution rate of carbon productivity and carbon emissions. The results show that the overall trend of China’s economic development is to shift from a high-carbon economy to a low-carbon economy. There is a rebound effect of carbon emissions in the improvement of energy use efficiency. Based on the conclusions of the study, the conclusion show that each region should formulate low-carbon economic policies tailored to local conditions. It should pay attention to joint prevention and control and regional cooperation, and make steady progress in promoting the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.

Based on the survey data of 1 457 farmers in Sichuan Province, the influence of social capital on farmers’ technical fertilization behavior was empirically examined, and the influence of green cognition on farmers’ willingness was analyzed to improve production and their influence on the decision of technical fertilization behavior. The results show that channel trust, social responsibility consciousness and green agricultural technology cognition have a significant influence on the willingness to improve production behavior. Social network, environmental pollution cognition, green agricultural technology cognition and production behavior improvement willingness have a positive influence on technical fertilization behavior, and a significant positive influence on technical fertilization behavior. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the channel trust of farmers, expand the social network of farmers, increase the quality and quantity of information acquisition, improve the social capital of farmers in multiple dimensions, strengthen the green cognition and technical production behavior willingness, and promote the adoption of farmers’ technical fertilization behavior.

The offshore RMB market is not only an important part of China’s great power, but also a long-term demand for China’s financial opening up and an objective need to promote the internationalization of RMB. However, with the acceleration of RMB internationalization, the development of the RMB offshore market faces obstacles such as the slowdown in domestic economic growth, the decline in the yield of RMB assets, the lack of liquidity in the offshore market, and the high external geopolitical risks. In view of the above problems, on the basis of a comprehensive review of the current situation of RMB internationalization, financial institutions was encouraged to innovate financial products, the share of RMB in trade settlement and the scale of reshoring with RMB treasury bonds as the carrier were expanded, and multilateral cooperation and dialogue mechanisms was strengthened, so as to provide suggestions and suggestions for the healthy development of the RMB offshore market.

To realize the production-education integration, these two problems, whom to cooperate with and where to start from, should be firstly solved. Therefore, the method of selection of cooperation partners and starting points based on optimal single index principle was proposed in this paper. The global selection models of cooperation partners and starting points were built. The evaluation index systems for enterprises and universities were established respectively. The Analytic Hierarchy Process was applied to determine the weight of each index, the Questionnaire Research was used to score the qualitative index, the Standard Score theory was applied to standardize the original datas of quantitative index. The implementation procedure to select the cooperation partners and starting points based on optimal single index principle was carried out finally by an example. The research results can open a new way and provide a wide research space for selection of cooperation partners and starting points in the production-education integration.

Senior executives of listed companies are generally engaged in earnings management activities, and the adverse effect of real earnings management on the long-term development of enterprises is particularly significant compared to accrual earnings management. Based on the data of A-share listed companies from 2018 to 2022, the effect of internal control on real earnings management and its mechanism of action is investigated by setting up structural equation modeling. The results show that high-quality internal control can suppress managers’ real earnings management behavior, and corporate social responsibility serves as a mediating factor in the mechanism of internal control influencing real earnings management. In other words, internal control can suppress real earnings management behavior by proactively engaging in corporate social responsibility.

With the rapid advancement of the new individual economy, a plethora of unlawful and chaotic activities have emerged, challenging the rationale of social responsibility governance centered around platform enterprises. The motivations behind the new individual economy’s fulfillment of social responsibilities was initially examined, namely its social attributes, ownership characteristics and the necessity for sustainable development, which compelled it to assume the role of a social responsibility bearer. Nonetheless, several practical issues arise when the new individual economy undertakes social responsibilities, including a lack of social responsibility awareness, ambiguous social responsibility subjects, and difficulties in social responsibility oversight. Consequently, a content framework for the social responsibility of the new individual economy is established. The entity responsible for fulfilling social responsibility is the new individual economic operator. The beneficiaries of social responsibility encompass both direct and indirect stakeholders, and the scope of social responsibility is categorized into six domains including legal, economic, ethical, industrial, philanthropic and public welfare responsibilities. Depending on the level of social responsibility, these can be further classified into mandatory, essential and aspirational social responsibilities. Tailored governance models are proposed based on the distinct features of each type of social responsibility, such as a government-led governance model for mandatory social responsibilities, a management-led governance model for essential social responsibilities, and a platform-led governance model for aspirational social responsibilities.

In the high-quality development stage, the data economy has become an important tool for achieving common prosperity. Using provincial panel data from 2011 to 2021 and treating the implementation of national-level big data pilot zones as a quasi-natural experiment, the policy’s impact on common prosperity was analyzed through a difference-in-differences approach. The results show that the policy significantly promotes the process of common prosperity. Further analysis reveals that the policy’s effect is more pronounced in western regions and large cities, with labor productivity acting as a mediator in this process.

The spatial Durbin model was used to analyze the effect of green finance on high-quality economic development in 31 provinces(due to the lack of data, the statistical data mentioned here do not include the Tibet Autonomous Region, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan Province), municipalities and autonomous regions in China, and also to explore the role of green technology innovation in the influence of green finance on high-quality economic development. The results show that the effect of green financial development on economic high-quality development is positive. Green finance can promote high-quality economic development and has spatial spillover effects. Green technological innovation plays a partly intermediary role, and green finance can promote economic high-quality development through promoting green technological innovation. Finally, it is proposed to expand the green financial product system, make use of the spatial spillover characteristics of green finance, strengthen provincial and regional cooperation and enhance green R&D investment and patent protection.

Based on the avoidance model, self-efficacy and work alienation were used as mediating variables, and approaching propensity and avoidance propensity were moderating variables, and a theoretical model of work connectivity behavior after-hours on employees’ procrastination was constructed. The data of 281 employee questionnaires was processed and analyzed. The results show that work connectivity behavior after-hours and approach tendency positively interacts with self-efficacy, and reduces the generation of procrastination at work through self-efficacy. Work connectivity behavior after-hours and avoidance tendency positively interact with work alienation and promote procrastination through work alienation.

With the rapid development of the digital economy, digital assets, as a new type of asset category, are showing an exponential growth trend. A comprehensive and systematic classification and summary of the types of digital assets was firstly conducted, and the valuation systems and operation mechanisms of various digital assets were deeply analyzed. The risks and challenges currently faced by the digital asset field were also examined and the regulatory measures at the regulatory level were discussed. Through in-depth and detailed sorting and analysis, scientific basis and guidance are provided for the future development of the digital asset field.

Developing new forms of productive forces is an inherent requirement and crucial focus for promoting high-quality development. How enterprise digital transformation affected new forms of productive forces at the corporate level was examined. By adopting a text-asset analysis method, achieve a quantitative measure of enterprise digital transformation was achieved and an index system for new forms of productive forces at the corporate level based on the theory of three essential factors of production was constructed. The research finds that digital transformation significantly enhances the level of new forms of productive forces among China’s listed companies. In terms of the impact mechanism, digital transformation elevates enterprises’ new forms of productive forces by optimizing their human capital structure, and the development of digital inclusive finance positively moderates the effect of digital transformation on promoting new forms of productive forces. The understanding of the role that digital transformation plays in the development of new forms of productive forces at the micro-enterprise level is deepened and reference suggestions are provided for promoting digital transformation at the micro-enterprise level.

In the context of the global active response to climate change, the implementation of carbon peak, carbon neutral strategy and the active development of green and low-carbon economy have become the key issue of global sustainable development. By constructing double difference model, taking 30 provinces(due to the lack of data, the statistical data mentioned here do not include the Tibet Autonomous Region, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan Province)in China from 2005 to 2021as a research object of empirical analysis, it is found that China carbon emissions trading pilot policy can curb the carbon emissions of pilot areas by mainly promoting upgrading of industrial structure and enhancing the level of technological innovation, but due to the pilot provinces and cities area and pollution degree, effect heterogeneity, including the most obvious effect in Hubei province, suggestions are put forward based on the corresponding policy.

With the development of market economy and the enhancement of environmental awareness, market-based environmental regulation will play an increasingly important role. Based on the panel data of 300 prefecture-level cities in China from 2008 to 2022, taking carbon emission trading policies as a quasi-natural experiment, the multi-time-point differential method was adopted to empirically study the impact of market-based environmental regulations on regional green innovation. It is found that the carbon emission trading policy significantly promotes urban green innovation, and this conclusion remains valid in the robustness test. Mechanism analysis shows that talent gathering, public awareness of environmental protection and government investment in science and technology play an important role in promoting green innovation. In addition, there is regional heterogeneity in the policy effect, which has a more significant promoting effect on green innovation in East China, Central China and non-central cities. The research conclusions of this paper have important implications for the government to strengthen the construction of carbon trading market, increase personnel training, enhance public awareness of environmental protection, and strengthen regional collaborative management, so as to promote the construction of a green and low-carbon society and the realization of sustainable development goals.

In the context of high-quality development, in response to the new requirements of improving the innovation system, can environmental regulation promote the simultaneous improvement of the quantity and quality of green innovation of enterprises? Based on the enterprise level, an index was constructed in this study to describe the intensity of environmental regulation, and the impact of environmental regulation on the quantity and quality of green innovation and the heterogeneous characteristics of environmental regulation through the mediating role of innovation investment was examined. The results show that environmental regulation can significantly promote the quantity of green innovation of enterprises, but the impact on the quality of innovation is not statistically significant, and the conclusion is still valid after the endogenous treatment and robustness test. Enterprise R&D investment and government subsidies play a partial and complete mediating role in the relationship between environmental regulation and the quantity and quality of green innovation of enterprises, respectively. The heterogeneity analysis shows that environmental regulation can affect the number of green innovation in the central region, foreign-funded enterprises and large enterprises. The impact on the quality of green innovation is more pronounced in state-owned enterprises and large enterprises.

The relationship between employees’ green behaviors, self-efficacy and work happiness was explored from the perspective of individual employees based on resource conservation theory and self-determination theory. The hypotheses were verified through correlation analysis and regression analysis, etc. on the 196 data collected. The results of empirical analyses show that there is a positive influence relationship between employees’ green behaviors and job happiness. Self-efficacy mediates the relationship between employees’ green behaviors and job happiness, as well as the moderating role of interactional equity in the mechanism. The results enrich the research on the aftereffective variables of employee green behaviors, broaden the research on the mechanism of employee green behaviors affecting employees’ work well-being, and also provide useful insights for corporate practices.