As one of the most active regions in China’s economic development, various strategic emerging industries in the Yangtze River Delta has been continuously emerging in recent years. Since most of the strategic emerging industries are closely related to scientific and technological innovation, it is crucial to promote scientific and innovative finance to support the development of strategic emerging industries in the Yangtze River Delta. Firstly, the relevant policy background was sorted out, and the goal of the integrated development of strategic emerging industries in the Yangtze River Delta was drawn out. Then, the development status of scientific and innovative finance and strategic emerging industries in the Yangtze River Delta was sorted out, which highlighted the important role of scientific and innovative finance in the development process of strategic emerging industries in the Yangtze River Delta. Then, the problems of scientific and innovative finance in the development of strategic emerging industries in the Yangtze River Delta were summarized, including regional development imbalance, single financing channels, institutional guarantee to be improved, and scientific and technological innovation ecological construction to be strengthened. Finally, policy suggestions are proposed, including establishing a multi-level financial system for scientific and innovative finance, promoting the virtuous cycle of “science and technology-industry-finance”, accelerating the innovation and development of green science and technology, and improving the level of data intelligence of scientific and innovative finance.