AI+钢铁下一阶段的主要目标是全流程一体化的AIGC+钢铁，数字换脑，模型换代，登顶RS（ROBOTSTEEL），完成钢铁工业中国式现代化的光荣任务。

The impact of global warming and how to deal with it are topics of widespread concern across various sectors of society. This paper focuses on the impacts of global climate change on dryland. Over the past fifty years, the temperature has risen at the rate of 0.32℃ /decade, and climate warming has enhanced the evaporation capacity and consequently expanded the world's arid regions by approximately 2.61×10⁶ km². The frequency and severity of droughts has also increased, with an average of 251 meteorological droughts occurring in 34 major river basins. The drought heatwave compound events and flash droughts are becoming more common. The duration of heat waves has extended from 8 to 12 days on average. With climate warming, the water availability has decreased with increased water uncertainty. Concurrently, greenhouse gas emissions increased and carbon sequestration reduced. Desertification has aggravated, and poverty?stricken area has expanded. In light of these challenges, it is recommended to vigorously advocate carbon emission reduction strategies to curb the pace of climate warming, strengthen international cooperation, formulate a global action plan to mitigate the continuous expansion of arid areas, build a cooperation mechanism to address climate change in terms of policy, management, education, science and technology, finance and other aspects, and solve the "double dilemma" of desertification and poverty in multiple ways.

It is the obligation of the parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity to update and revise the National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans (NBSAPs). COP15 decision required all parties to revise or update NBSAPs in alignment with the Kunming−Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework including national targets communicated in a standardized format. China's strategic position in biodiversity conservation has been continuously rising. In January 2024, the China's Biodiversity Conservation Strategy and Action Plan (2023−2030) was officially released. This article reviews the main considerations and elements changed in the update and revision of the NBSAP, and introduces the main contents of the NBSAP, including four priority areas: mainstreaming biodiversity, responding to the threat of biodiversity loss, sustainable utilization and benefit sharing of biodiversity, and modernization of biodiversity governance capacity. Topical issues and newly added priority actions have been analyzed and interpreted. This article also summaries the main implications and practical significance of the NBSAP. A Chinese solution for promoting the implementation of the Kunming−Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework was submitted. NBSAP was connected with domestic policies in the field of biodiversity, guiding local levels to carry out conservation practices, and providing a reference for analyzing and responding to new focuses and new issues in future biodiversity conservation work.

Biodiversity monitoring is essential for the conservation of biodiversity. Traditional methods of biodiversity monitoring are often time-consuming, costly, inefficient, and heavily influenced by human activity. These limitations hinder large-scale and long-term continuous monitoring, making it difficult to support the operational requirements and the goals of building a beautiful China. To address these challenges, this study proposes the concept of an intelligent biodiversity monitoring system, leveraging new equipment and advanced technologies. The system integrates ground-based and remote sensing monitoring, primarily utilizing passive survey equipment such as infrared cameras and audio recorders. It relies on cutting-edge technologies, including the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and environmental DNA (eDNA), to achieve automated data collection and intelligent species identification. This system supports biodiversity surveys, monitoring, assessments, and early warning mechanisms. This paper summarizes the progress of the pilot project for the intelligent biodiversity monitoring system in Lishui City, Zhejiang Province. The project has successfully implemented intelligent monitoring of plants, mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles, insects, and aquatic organisms. It provides practical case studies and theoretical support for the operational implementation of intelligent biodiversity monitoring systems.

With the rapid development of human society and economy, factors such as climate change have prompted the sharp loss of global biodiversity. Plants are a core component of biodiversity, and ex situ conservation to save endangered plants has become the core work of botanical gardens. At present, ex situ conservation based on protecting the genetic diversity of endangered plants remains a challenge. Genomic technologies have made it possible to accurately identify the taxonomic status of endangered plants, explore the population evolutionary dynamics and endangering causes of endangered plants and analyze genetic diversity at the whole-genome level and its adaptability to future climates. This paper summarizes the development of genomic sequencing technologies for plant conservation and the effectiveness and current status of ex situ conservation, as well as the research progress of genomics in helping protect endangered plants in terms of mining functional and adaptive variant genes, species identification, genetic risk assessment, and regulation of growth, development, and secondary metabolism. In response to how to promote future ex situ conservation in the genomic era, countermeasures, suggestions, and future development trends are proposed.

Multi-omics data, including genomics, transcriptomics, and epigenomics, contain a wealth of genetic information and are crucial for the study of biological genetic diversity and the conservation of biodiversity. However, the integration and reuse of multi-omics data remain challenging due to their massive volume and fragmented distribution across disparate databases and published literature. To facilitate timely submission and sharing of multi-omics data in life science, National Genomics Data Center (NGDC) has established multiple foundational data submission platforms. Additionally, to fully integrate and explore existing omics data resources, NGDC has developed several multi-omics integration resources and knowledge bases for domesticated animals and plants. Currently, NGDC has preliminarily formed a comprehensive multi-omics big data framework, which will significantly contribute to the conservation of biodiversity, including species identification, the protection of endangered species, breeding programs, and monitoring changes in habitats.

Basin ecological security is a major issue for human survival and development and has become an important branch in the field of social security research. This paper applies the principles and analytical methods of landscape ecology to evaluate the ecological security of the Chahannaoer Basin. Starting from the perspective of landscape structure, the ecological security status of the basin in 2010 and 2024 was evaluated using metrics such as Patch Density (PD), Landscape Shape Index (LSI), Landscape Division Index (DIVISION), and Landscape Aggregation Index (AI). Furthermore, a dynamic change analysis is conducted. Meanwhile, the study calculated the intensity of mutual transitions between ecosystem types and the overall dynamic degree of the watershed within the specified time period. The results indicate that between 2010 and 2024, the forest area and construction land in the basin showed an upward trend, while the grassland area showed a downward trend, and the saline-alkali land area increased significantly. A comprehensive analysis of the spatial distribution patterns of the indices PD, LSI, DIVISION, and AI reveals that the fragmentation of most landscapes decreased. Notably, the fragmentation of croplands and forests showed a significant decline, whereas the fragmentation of wetlands increased sharply. During this period, the land cover transition index and the comprehensive land cover change rate in the Chahannaoer Basin were 47.36% and 20.54%, respectively, indicating that land cover types are still transitioning towards a more favorable state.

The accurate and efficient extraction of building from remote sensing images is fundamental for applications such as fine urban management, high−precision mapping, and land resource investigation. It is essential to investigate how to leverage image features for intelligent interpretation. This study introduces a global self−attention network with edge−enhancement (E−GSANet) for remote sensing building extraction. The network integrate the edge enhancement module into the encoder backbone, providing the network with a priori knowledge about boundaries, and then establish long−distance dependency relationships between features using the global self−attention feature expression module, enabling the fusion of salient features with edge−enhanced features. A stepwise up−sampling decoding module is designed to fusing the shallow features with rich spatial detail information and the deep features with high−order semantic information to obtain accurate extraction results of buildings. The comparison experiments between E−GSANet and the current mainstream methods is conducted based on two open−source remote sensing building datasets. The quantitative analysis and qualitative demonstrations prove that E−GSANet achieves optimal results across all evaluation metrics, yielding more complete building extractions, precise edges, and higher accuracy. Additionally, network structure ablation experiments and analysis demonstrate the effectiveness of each module.

With the intensification of global population aging, smart walkers, as rehabilitative assistive devices that enhance the quality of life and independence for individuals with gait disorders, have garnered widespread attention regarding the development of their human−machine interaction (HMI) strategies. This paper surveys the research progress on HMI technologies for smart walkers: Firstly, the application background and market demand for smart walkers are introduced. Subsequently, HMI technologies based on motion signals, visual signals, and other interaction modalities (such as physiological electrical signals and virtual reality) are explored. Despite significant advances in related research on smart walker HMI, challenges persist in areas such as motion intention recognition, navigation and obstacle avoidance, and interaction safety. Future research should focus on optimizing motion intention recognition algorithms, developing navigation strategies for complex environments, strengthening research on interaction safety, and promoting the development of multi−modal HMI technologies. These endeavors aim to achieve more accurate intention recognition and a higher level of synergy within the human−machine−environment systems, ultimately assisting individuals with gait disorders in achieving their independent living aspirations.

Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors in women worldwide. Nearly half of patients exhibit a human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-low expression profile, rendering them ineligible for traditional HER2-directed therapy as they fall under the category of HER2-negative breast cancer. The distinct clinicopathologic features of HER2-low breast cancer as compared with HER2-negative breast cancer have intrigued a growing number of researchers. This review provides a comprehensive overview of advancements in the definition of HER2-low breast cancer, its characteristics in epidemiology, clinicopathology and prognosis, its molecular genetic features, heterogeneity, and relevant agents. Emerging evidence suggests that HER2-low breast cancer may represent a distinct clinicopathological subtype. However, current data remain insufficient to establish it as an independent prognostic factor. Furthermore, the lack of standardized criteria for interpreting HER2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) 0 and 1+scores has led to inconsistencies in classification. The absence of refined subclassification within the HER2 IHC 0 population may further obscure potential benefits from targeted treatments for this group. This review emphasizes the need for future studies to refine and standardize the diagnostic procedures and treatment regimens for HER2-low breast cancer. Establishing consistent diagnostic protocols and treatment strategies may enhance clinical management for these patients.

In the realm of global ocean governance, this article delves into the conceptual underpinnings and practical implementation of the vision for a shared maritime community. It examines this vision from three perspectives: Historical evolution, current realities, and theoretical frameworks. The objective is to foster an inclusive and sustainable global ocean governance system that embodies the core values of equality, respect, harmony, and win−win cooperation to address the complicate challenges. The study employs a combination of literature review and theoretical analysis to advance strategies including a China−led reformation of the international oceanic order, the establishment of a multi−tiered global ocean governance structure, and the collaborative development of oceanic cooperation mechanisms. By doing so, the research aims to offer Chinese insights and solutions for global ocean governance.

Hou Debang dedicated his entire life to the field of chemical engineering, becoming a pioneer and the founder of China's chemical industry. He made outstanding contributions to the development of the chemical industry both in China and worldwide, particularly in the soda industry. This paper, focusing on Hou Debang as the subject of study, outlines his work in revealing the "Solvay Ammonia Soda Process Method, " his leadership in building Asia's first soda ash plant and China's first integrated plant producing ammonia, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and ammonium sulfate, as well as his development of the "Combined Alkali Process" method and the new "Carbonate Synthesis Ammonia Process for Ammonium Bicarbonate Fertilizer." The historical process is analyzed, highlighting the unique spirit and temperament embodied by the Chinese scientific community through Hou Debang.