Latest ArticlesTo elucidate the pathogenesis of hypocalcemia in perinatal dairy cows, optimize the comprehensive prevention and treatment strategies for the disease, and mitigate its adverse effects on cow health and farm production efficiency, this study systematically reviewed the application principles and practical key points of prevention and treatment methods including modern nutritional regulation, calcium therapy, and traditional Chinese veterinary medicine based on syndrome differentiation, starting from the analysis of etiology and physiological mechanisms; establishing a comprehensive prevention and control system centered on precision nutrition for prevention, rapid calcium therapy for emergencies, and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine for supportive care could significantly reduce the incidence of clinical and subclinical hypocalcemia and minimize the risk of secondary perinatal metabolic diseases. This comprehensive prevention and treatment strategy can effectively ensure the physiological health of perinatal cows and improve their lactation and reproductive performance. Among them, the prevention and control concept of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine provides an efficient and sustainable practical pathway for large-scale farms to address the challenge of hypocalcemia.
To investigate the antibacterial activities of several antibiotics, hyaluronic acid (HA) alone, and HA combined with penicillin (PEN) against Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus).
The susceptibility of 1 standard strain and 9 clinical S.aureus strains isolated from dairy cattle to antimicrobial agents was evaluated using the double-dilution method and the micro-checkerboard method.
The resistance rates of S.aureus to PEN, clindamycin and erythromycin were 90%, 80% and 40%, respectively. No methicillin-resistant strains were detected, and 40% of the strains showed inducible clindamycin resistance. The combination of HA and PEN exhibited either additive effect (FICI 0.5~1.0) or synergistic effect (FICI≤0.5) against all tested S.aureus strains.
The combination of HA and PEN can significantly reduce the effective minimal inhibitory concentration of both agents against S.aureus, which provides a new idea for the clinical treatment of drug-resistant S.aureus infections.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of different reagents for substrate preparation on the detection of plasmin in dairy products, with the goal of establishing an accurate and stable detection method.
A chromogenic substrate method was employed to compare the effects of using ultrapure water versus MTB buffer for plasmin substrate preparation.
The MTB buffer group demonstrated superior performance in terms of absorbance parallelism, spike recovery rate (113%~126%), and plasmin activity measurements compared to the ultrapure water group (spike recovery rate 141%~152%, exceeding the standard range).The MTB buffer provided an optimal pH (7.6±0.1) and a stable ionic environment, significantly improving the accuracy and repeatability of the detection.
This study offered an optimized solution for the precise detection of plasmin in dairy products, providing guidance for enhancing quality control in the dairy industry.
Thermoduric proteinases are a critical risk factor affecting the quality stability of dairy products. Their thermoduric property makes them difficult to achieve complete inactivation through conventional sterilization processes, thereby leading to protein hydrolysis and sensory quality deterioration of the product during its shelf life. This paper systematically analyzed the microbial sources of thermoduric proteinases (e.g., Pseudomonas, Bacillus) and their thermal stability mechanisms (e.g., hydrophobic interactions, metal ion dependence), and focused on the innovative progress of detection technologies and the bottlenecks encountered in industrial application. Among current detection methods, the colorimetric assays are cost-effective but lack sensitivity, while fluorescence-based techniques (e.g., FRET) offer high sensitivity but are limited by substrate universality. Moreover, the molecular biology (PCR) and immunoassays (ELISA) are difficult to directly reflect the enzymatic activity. Research indicates that future detection technologies will evolve towards a multi-methods integration approach (e.g., LC-MS combined with sensor arrays) and intelligent solutions (e.g., machine learning-assisted decision-making), while also addressing industry pain points such as blind spots in raw material screening, lag in online processing monitoring, and the absence of standards for end products. This paper provided a theoretical foundation for the construction of an efficient and precise thermoduric proteinase detection system, and has significant reference value for the establishing relevant industry standards and the optimization of quality control.
This study focused on the optimization of the sample pretreatment process for the determination of iodine content in food by gas chromatography stipulated in "GB 5009.267—2020 Food Safety National Standard Determination of Iodine in Food", aiming to reduce the detection cost, shorten the detection time, and improve the detection efficiency and accuracy.
Replace the separatory funnel with a centrifuge tube to reduce the sample weighing, increase the number of vortexing and centrifugation, and optimize the amount of butanone added to explore the optimal detection method.
The optimized gas chromatography method demonstrated excellent performance in terms of recovery rate, precision, repeatability and detection limit when compared with the gas chromatography method specified in the national standard.
By overcoming the cumbersome problem of pretreatment, the optimized gas chromatography method was possible to accurately and quickly determine the iodine content in milk, and it was suitable for the large-scale detection of iodine content in milk.
As a category of special food, the quality and safety of infant formula milk powder directly affected the foundation of national health and the improvement of overall population quality. This paper analyzed the regional distribution features and development status of infant formula milk powder enterprises in China, systematically sorted out the current applicable standards and regulatory requirements at home and abroad, and put forward regulatory proposals in combination with the existing quality and safety conditions of the industry. It also carried out categorized discussions on the key links and existing problems in enterprise production management, and raised targeted improvement suggestions for refined management covering the dimensions of personnel, equipment, materials, methods, environment and inspection. These research results helped infant formula milk powder enterprises accurately identify defects and develop effective solutions, thereby providing theoretical support and practical guidance for the sustainable development of the infant formula milk powder industry.
This study conducted a diversity analysis of the fungal communities in raw milk of the bactrian camel and the environment where they are raised. The aim was to clarify the structure and distribution characteristics of the fungal communities, explore the impact of fungi on the quality of camel milk, and provide scientific basis for ensuring the quality and safety of camel milk and optimizing the breeding environment.
In this experiment, raw camel milk samples, temporary storage tank milk samples, and milk tanker milk samples from camels, as well as six sets of samples each for feed, forage, and bedding soil, were collected from three camel breeding cooperatives. The ITS 1 amplification sequencing technology was used to analyze the fungal community structure and diversity of the camel milk group and environmental group samples.
A total of 5 476 597 raw sequences and 4 580 307 valid sequences were obtained from 18 sample. 80 251 ASVs were identified. The main dominant fungal genera in raw milk samples was Acrogenospora, followed by Trichosporon. In the environmental group, the dominant genus was Aschersonia, in the forage was Aspergillus, and in the soil pad was Acrogenospora. In the camel milk group and the environmental group, the dominant fungal phyla were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. Compared with the camel milk group, the fungal diversity in the environmental group showed significant differences (P<0.05). There were certain differences in the fungal community structure among different sampling sites, and the community structure and abundance were significantly different.
There were significant differences in the diversity of camel milk and environmental fungi among the three camel breeding cooperatives. Some fungi could degrade the proteins and fats in camel milk, thereby affecting the quality of the milk. The composition of the camel milk fungal community is closely related to the breeding environment and there is a risk of cross-contamination. Therefore, trengthening environmental control and fungal monitoring can effectively ensure the quality of camel milk.
To address the increasingly prominent problem of sleep disorders and make up for the side effects, addiction and dependence associated with traditional pharmaceutical interventions, this study focused on the sleep-improving efficacy of camel milk, systematically explored the potential mechanisms of its bioactive components in ameliorating sleep, and provided theoretical support for natural sleep intervention products.
The sleep-regulating mechanisms of key nutritional and bioactive components in camel milk, including casein-derived peptides, α-lactalbumin, tryptophan, ω-3 fatty acids and vitamin C, were systematically analyzed through literature review. Functional verification was carried out combined with animal experiments, and the development and functional tests of relevant products were conducted simultaneously by Nala Dairy.
A variety of bioactive substances in camel milk exert sleep-improving effects by regulating neurotransmitter synthesis, stabilizing neural function, antioxidation, anti-inflammation and modulating neural signaling pathways. Animal experiments and product functional studies confirmed that camel milk formula powder has a definite ameliorative effect on sleep disorders.
Camel milk formula powder has favorable sleep-improving function and high development value, showing broad application prospects in the intervention of sleep disorders. This study provides a solid theoretical basis and experimental foundation for the research, development and application of camel milk in sleep-improving products.
Original cheese is a dairy product made from raw milk through processes such as fermentation, curdling, draining of whey, shaping, and maturation. It is rich in nutritional value. Due to the relatively late start of the industrialization of original cheese in China, there is still considerable room for its development in the domestic market. This paper took original cheese as the research object, systematically reviewed its nutritional value, classification and the processing and research status of four representative products, and analyzed the current overall market situation. Based on this, it looked forward to future development trends, with the aim of providing reference for the industrialization development of original cheese.
This study addressed the structural contradiction in China's dairy industry between "raw milk surplus" and "dependence on imported high-end dairy products, "focusing on the deep processing of cream to explore pathways for industrial upgrading. By analyzing the current status of the industry, it was found that domestic cream production is mainly oriented toward the supply of basic raw materials, with high-end products heavily reliant on imports, and lagging behind international standards in terms of flavor and stability. The study identified three major challenges faced by the industry: outdated processing technologies, reliance on imported equipment, and a narrow processing direction with insufficient utilization of by-products. Based on consumption upgrading, health demands, and value chain theory, strategies including product innovation, technological advancement, localization of equipment, and industrial chain collaboration are proposed to promote the transition of cream from raw material output to high value-added products, thereby achieving import substitution, industrial upgrading, and overcoming key technological bottlenecks.
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