To systematically evaluate the effectiveness and acceptability of antidepressant drugs in the treatment of postpartum depression (PPD).

The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, VIP Journals of Chinese Scienc were searched, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Service System (SinoMed) database until November 2023. Screen randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of antidepressant drugs for the treatment of PPD. The treatment group was given antidepressant drugs, and the control group was given placebo or another antidepressant drug. Meta-analysis of effectiveness and acceptability is performed using Stata 17.0 software.

A total of 27 RCTs with a total of 2 202 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed: The top three efficacy relative to placebo were mirtazapine [odds ratio (OR) = 2.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) = (1.20-3.30), P<0.05], nortriptyline [OR=1.50, 95%CI=(0.55-2.44), P>0.05], venlafaxine [OR=1.35, 95% CI=(0.13-2.56), P>0.05]. Acceptability is compared with placebo in the top three Chinese herbal medicine [OR=0.47, 95% CI=(-0.72-1.66), P>0.05], nortriptyline [OR=-0.08, 95% CI=(-1.16-1.33), P>0.05], venlafaxine [OR=-0.12, 95% CI=(-1.47-1.24), P>0.05].

Nortriptyline, venlafaxine, trazodone, and duloxetine are effective in treating PPD without obvious adverse drug reactions.

To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of hydrocortisone injection combined with continuous blood purification in the treatment of sepsis patients.

Sepsis patients were randomly divided into control group and treatment group. The control group received continuous blood purification treatment; on the basis treatment of control group, the treatment group received hydrocortisone 200 mg, qd, intravenous infusion. Two groups were treated for 1 week. The clinical efficacy, levels of inflammatory cytokines, cellular immune function indicators, and safety were compared between two groups.

Fifty-six cases were enrolled in the treatment group, 5 cases were excluded, and ultimately 51 cases were included in the statistical analysis. Fifty-five cases were enrolled in the control group, 4 cases were excluded, and ultimately 51 cases were included in the statistical analysis. After treatment, the total effective rates of the treatment and control groups were 94.12% (48 cases/51 cases) and 74.51% (38 cases/51 cases) with statistical significant difference (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of C-reactive protein in the treatment and control groups were (12.21±2.35) and (15.18±2.25) mg·L^-1, the levels of procalcitonin were (0.49±0.13) and (0.78±0.21) ng·mL^-1, the levels of CD₃⁺ were (58.72±5.13)% and (54.21±4.47)%, the CD₄⁺/CD₈⁺ ratios were 1.71±0.23 and 1.43±0.17, respectively. The differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The adverse drug reactions of treatment group were chest tightness, nausea, and vomiting, while those in the control group were hypotension, nausea, and vomiting. The total incidences of adverse drug reactions in the treatment and control groups were 9.80% and 5.88%, without significant difference (P>0.05).

Hydrocortisone injection combined with continuous blood purification have a definitive clinical efficacy in the sepsis patients, which can improve the patients’ immune function, reduce inflammatory reactions, without increasing the incidences of adverse drug reactions.

To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of recombinant human growth hormone injection (rhGH) in the treatment of children with idiopathic short stature (ISS) and its influence on levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3).

Children with ISS were randomized into control group and treatment group. The control group was subcutaneously injected with 0.15 U·kg^-1 of rhGH injection, while the treatment group was given subcutaneous injection of 0.20 U·kg^-1 of rhGH injection, and both groups were continuously treated for 6 months. The clinical efficacy, growth status [growth velocity, height standard deviation score (HtSDS), predicted adult height (PAH)], bone metabolism indicators {AKP, osteocalcin (OC), 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25 (OH)D]} and serum IGF-1 and IGFBP3 levels were compared, and the safety was assessed.

In the treatment group, 46 cases were enrolled, 6 cases were lost, and 40 cases were finally included in the statistical analysis. In the control group, 46 cases were enrolled, 1 case was lost, and 45 cases were finally included in the statistical analysis. The total effective rates in treatment group and control group after 6 months treatment were 85.00% (34 cases/40 cases) and 64.44% (29 cases/45 cases), respectively, with a statistical significance (P<0.05). After 6 months treatment, the growth rates in treatment group and control group were (7.96±1.62) and (6.84±1.56) cm·year^-1; HtSDS values were -2.38±0.24 and -2.61±0.28; PAH values were (156.86±4.18) and (155.02±4.25) cm; serum AKP levels were (278.42±47.46) and (257.14±42.79) U·L^-1; OC levels were (76.92±10.17) and (72.43±10.32) μg·L^-1; 25 (OH) D levels were (59.96±4.74) and (55.52±4.69) nmol·L^-1; serum IGF-1 levels were (296.77±28.32) and (251.47±24.96) ng·mL^-1; serum IGFBP3 levels were (5.76±1.22) and (4.86±0.89) μg·mL^-1, respectively. Compared with the control group, the above indexes in the treatment group were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The adverse drug reactions in treatment and control group were mainly headache, rash and joint pain, rash and joint pain. The incidence rates of adverse reactions in treatment group and control group were 12.50% (5 cases/40 cases) and 6.67% (3 cases/45 cases), without significant difference (P>0.05).

The clinical efficacy of rhGH injection in the treatment of children with ISS is definite; and the improvement of IGF-1, AKP and IGFBP3 levels by 0.20 U·kg^-1 rhGH is significantly better than that by 0.15 U·kg^-1 rhGH, which is more conducive to promoting bone development and accelerating growth without increasing the incidence of adverse drug reactions.

To explore the mechanism of action of tanthine in the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR) complicated with asthma in rats by regulating microRNA-27a-3p (miR-27a-3p) targeting thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP).

The AR-asthma rat model was established using ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization and nasal drip attack method. Fifty rats were divided into control group (equal volume 0.9% NaCl), model group (AR-asthma model+equal volume 0.9% NaCl), experimental group (AR-asthma model+100 mg·kg^-1 xanthortin) and miR-27a-3p inhibitor group (caudal vein injection of 0.5 nmol·μL^-1 miR-27a-3p inhibitor 10 μL on the basis of the experimental group), si-TSLP group (0.5 nmol·μL^-1 si-TSLP 10 μL intravenously injected on the basis of miR-27a-3p inhibitor group), 10 rats in each group. Serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-13 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels of rats were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was detected by xanthoxine oxidase method. The level of malonaldehyde (MDA) was detected by thiobarbituric acid method (TBA).

The levels of IgE in control group, model group, experimental group, miR-27a-3p inhibitor group and si-TSLP group were (18.33±3.53), (89.95±17.62), (55.70±10.08), (78.43±15.30) and (47.87±9.44) ng·mL^-1, respectively; IL-2 levels were (8.01±1.36), (19.61±3.94), (14.12±2.51), (17.33±3.18) and (11.89±2.03) pg·mL^-1, respectively; IL-13 levels were (6.79±1.33), (34.15±7.02), (24.70±5.13), (35.97±7.24) and (20.53±4.26) pg·mL^-1, respectively; TNF-α levels were (94.08±19.07), (312.47±58.61), (209.78±41.49), (296.42±55.99) and (187.45±37.28) pg·mL^-1, respectively; SOD levels were (29.14±5.04), (13.25±2.63), (24.19±4.89), (17.28±3.16) and (33.94±5.87) U·mg prot^-1, respectively; MDA levels were (2.26±0.51), (4.43±0.72), (3.17±0.58), (3.94±0.69) and (2.62±0.45) nmol·m gprot^-1, respectively. The above indicators were compared between control group and model group, model group and experimental group, experimental group and miR-27a-3p inhibitor group, miR-27a-3p inhibitor group and si-TSLP group. The differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05).

Xanthine can improve oxidative stress and reduce inflammation of AR complicated with asthma in rats, and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of miR-27a-3p targeting TSLP.

To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of adalimumab (ADA) injection combined with methotrexate (MTX) tablets in the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and the effects of joint function, serum rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibody and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α).

The RA patients were divided into control group and treatment group according to cohort method. All patients were given intra-articular injection of prednisolone acetate injection at initial dose of 5 mg every time, once every week for 4 weeks, and then adjusted dose every 2 weeks according to the disease conditions. On this basis, the control group received oral MTX tablets 10 mg once a week, and the treatment group was combined with subcutaneous injection of ADA injection 40 mg twice a week. Both groups were treated continuously for 3 months. The clinical efficacy, clinical characteristics (swollen joint count, tender joint count, morning stiffness time), joint function [disease activity scale (DAS)-28 score, joint pain degree score], serum RF, anti-CCP antibody and TNF-α levels before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.

The treatment group and control group included 52 and 45 cases, respectively. After treatment, the total effective rates of treatment group and control group were 92.31% (48 cases/52 cases) and 75.56% (34 cases /45 cases), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the swollen joint counts in treatment group and control group were 4.31±1.08 and 5.56±1.25; the tender joint counts were 6.19±1.68 and 7.92±1.43; the morning stiffness times were (44.47±11.06) and (58.63±12.46) min; the DAS28 scores were (2.67±0.73) and (3.35±0.86) points; the joint pain scores were (2.47±0.76) and (3.29±0.85) points; serum RF levels were (80.25±24.31) and (114.46±27.63) U·mL^-1; serum anti-CCP antibody levels were (7.41±1.48) and (9.90±1.72) RU·mL^-1; the levels of serum TNF-α were (24.16±6.33) and (34.92±7.98) pg·mL^-1. Compared with control group, the above indexes of treatment group had statistical significance (all P<0.001). The adverse drug reactions in the treatment group mainly included loss of appetite, headache and erythema at the injection site. The adverse drug reactions in the control group included loss of appetite and nausea and vomiting. The total incidences of adverse drug reactions in the treatment group and the control group were 5.77% and 4.44%, respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05).

The treatment of RA with ADA injection combined with MTX tablets is more effective than using MTX tablets alone, and the former one can more significantly improve joint function and reduce levels of inflammatory markers, and without increasing the incidences of adverse drug reactions.

To explore the protective effect of resveratrol on myocardial damage caused by sepsis in rats.

Forty SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, experimental group and combined group, with 10 rats in each group. Except the control group, the other rats were intraperitoneally injected with 20 mg·kg^-1 lipopolysaccharide, while the control group was injected with the same amount of normal saline. Two hours before modeling, the experimental group and combinated group were given 50 mg·kg^-1 resveratrol by gavage, and the control group and model group were given the same amount of normal saline by gavage. The combined group was injected with 10 nmol of micro RNA-155 (miR-155) agomir through the tail vein, and the other group was injected with equal volume of normal saline through the tail vein. Left ventricular function parameters of rats were measured by echocardiography. The level of myocardial injury markers was detected by colorimetry. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression of miR-155. The expression of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and related proteins of nuclear factor κB signaling pathway were detected by Western blot.

The left ventricular ejection fraction of control group, model group and experimental group were (80.78±12.85)%, (55.92±7.86)% and (71.55±10.71)%, respectively; left ventricular fractional shortening were (34.08±5.75)%, (22.92±2.96)%, (28.72±4.25)%, respectively; left ventricular end disatolic diameter were (3.12±0.46), (6.34±0.69), (4.95±0.57) mm, respectively; the left ventricular end systolic diameter were (5.98±0.65), (7.24±0.80), (6.16±0.78) mm, respectively; the fractional shortening were (38.91±5.38)%, (22.67±3.53)%, (30.74±3.97)%, and the expression levels of creatine kinase-MB were (661.56±85.44), (1181.41±142.14), (915.02±105.19) U·L^-1, respectively; the expressions levels of cardiac troponin Ⅰ were (148.17±28.48), (448.17±60.34) and (375.44±49.01) ng·mL^-1, respectively. The expression of miR-155 in control group, model group, experimental group and combined group were 1.00±0.12, 3.79±0.45, 1.87±0.23 and 4.03±0.49, respectively; the protein relative expression levels of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) were 1.00±0.08, 5.04±0.59, 2.73±0.35, 5.58±0.63, respectively; the protein relative expression levels of inhibitor of NF-κB-β were 1.00±0.11, 3.03±0.37, 1.35±0.15 and 2.89±0.34, respectively; the protein relative expressions of inhibitor of NF-κB-α were 1.00±0.13, 0.86±0.08, 1.21±0.18, 0.77±0.09, respectively; the protein relative expression levels of SIRT1 were 1.00±0.16, 0.66±0.07, 0.93±0.14, 0.54±0.06, respectively. The above indicators of the model group were compared with the control group, the experimental group were compared with the model group, and the above indicators of the combined group were compared with the experimental group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05).

Resveratrol can alleviate myocardial injury and improve cardiac function in sepsis rats, which may be achieved by down-regulating the expression of miR-155, up-regulating the level of SIRT1, and inhibiting the nuclear factor κB signaling pathway.