To understand the prevalence and trend of hepatitis A and E in Yantai from 2011 to 2022, and to conduct serological research on hepatitis A and hepatitis E in the community population so as to provide data for effective prevention and control of two types of hepatitis.

The case-related information came from the monitoring data of China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the prevalence of hepatitis A and hepatitis E in Yantai City from 2011 to 2022. Two areas in Yantai were selected bymulti-stage random cluster sampling method to carry out monitoring of hepatitis A and hepatitis E antibody levels in community populations. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect serum levels of anti-hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) antibodies.

A total of 858 cases of hepatitis A and 3 145 cases of hepatitis E were reported from 2011 to 2022. The annual average incidence rate of hepatitis A was 1.01/100 000, and the incidence was sporadic throughout the year.The annual average incidence rate of hepatitis E was 3.72/100 000. The incidence was mainly in winter and spring. The reported cases of hepatitis A and hepatitis E were mainly concentrated in the northern coastal areas. 86.48% of the reported cases of hepatitis A are 25-69 years old, while 91.86% of the reported cases of hepatitis E were 35-79 years old.The composition of hepatitis A and hepatitis E was mainly men and farmers. A total of 600 blood samples were collected from healthy people, the overall seroprevalence of HAV IgM, HEV IgM, HAV IgG and HEV IgG were 1.83%, 85.67% and 32%, respectively. In terms of age, the positive rate of HAV IgM was the highest in 61-70 years old group (3.9%), HAV IgG positive rate in over 70 years old group was the highest, HEV IgM positive rate in 51-60 years old group was the highest (4.21%),and HEV IgG positive rate in over 70 years old group was the highest. Farmers had the highest positive rates of HAV IgG and HEV IgG, while students, household workers, and unemployed individuals have the highest positive rates of HAV IgM and HEV IgM. Farmers had the highest positive rates of HAV IgG (92.52%) and HEV IgG (46.26%), students had the highest positive rates of HAV IgM (2.78%) and housework and unemployed people had the highest positive rates of HAV IgM and HEV IgM (3.17%).

The incidence of hepatitis A and hepatitis E remained at a relatively high level in Yantai from 2011 to 2022, and the positive levels of HAV IgG and HEV IgG antibodies were relatively high. Further efforts need to be made to promote and intervene in key populations, especially men and farmers, to carry out relevant prevention and control measures and reduce infection rates.

To explore the relationship between the walking time of pregnant women and the maintenance of the antibody level of SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine, so as to provide a reference basis for the prevention of pregnant women’s infection and the promotion of maternal and infant health during the normalization management of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia epidemic.

In a multicenter cross-sectional study in Guangdong Province, 854 pregnant women who were vaccinated with inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine were included to investigate their demographic characteristics and physical activity, and detect their serum SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels. Multifactor logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation between the walking time of pregnant women and the positive rate of SARS-CoV-2 antibody.

The positive rates of neutralizing antibody, IgG and IgM of serum SARS-CoV-2 were 44.6%, 46.1% and 3.4% respectively. There was a difference in the positive conversion rate of neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 among pregnant women at different walking times(P<0.05), and this difference did not appear in the level of IgG and IgM antibodies(P>0.05). Compared to pregnant women who walked for more than 30 minutes per day, pregnant women who walked for 15~30 minutes per day had a higher NAb positivity rate(OR=1.56, 95%CI:1.09~2.23).

The walking time of pregnant women is related to maintaining the antibody level of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. The antibody level of pregnant women who walk for 15~30min/d is higher. The walking exercise of pregnant women is beneficial to the immune system. It is suggested that pregnant women should exercise moderately every day to maintain good health.

To analyze the epidemic characteristics of hand foot and mouth disease(HFMD) in Sichuan province from 2017 to 2021 and to provide evidence for prevention and control．

A descriptive analysis was conducted by downloading the case-data of HFMD in Sichuan province during 2017 to 2021 from the Chinese National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting System.

A total of 442 079 cases of HFMD were reported from 2017 to 2021, including 627 severe cases and 4 deaths．The average annual incidence rate was 106.17/100 000. Cases in children aged 5 or younger accounted for 90.99％. Boys had higher incidence than girls (1.35:1). The scattered children accounted for 63.34％. Two peaks of incidence were observed other years, except for a few years, with the highest occurring between April to July and the second occurring in November to December．The incidence in Chengdu plain and its surrounding areas were significantly higher than other regions. Other enteroviruses (non-enterovirus 71 and Coxsackie virus A16) were the main pathogen, accounting for 71.45%; Coxsackie virus A16 accounted for 21.20% and enterovirus 71 accounted for 7.35%.

The incidence of HFMD in Sichuan Province is high from 2017 to 2021. The proportion of severe cases has significantly decreased（χ²=273.241，P<0.001）, and the main pathogen is the other enteroviruses (non-enterovirus 71 and Coxsackie virus A16).

To explore the regulatory role of the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway in the anxiety and depressive-like behavior induced by acute sleep deprivation in mice.

Forty eight C57BL/6J mice aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into four groups: control group(CON), inhibitor group(LiCl), sleep deprivation group(SD), and inhibitor + sleep deprivation group (SD＋LiCl), with 12 mice in each group. The model of acute sleep deprivation in mice was established by modified multiple platform method(modified multiple platform method,MMPM), Elevated Plus Maze(EPM)、Open Field Test(OFT)、Forced Swim Test(FST) and Tail Suspension Test(TST)were used to evaluate the behavior of mice. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of hippocampal neurons. RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression ofNF-κB and NLRP3 in hippocampal tissues.

Compared with the CON group, the body weight, hippocampal weight, and hippocampal organ coefficient of the SD group mice were significantly reduced (F=0.452, P=0.006; F=6.553, P=0.009; F=1.428, P=0.001).In OFT, Compared with the CON group, the LiCl group had no significant difference in the number of visits to the center(F=5.084,P=0.744), and the SD group significantly decreased(F=0.028,P=0.017). In EPM, the time of entering the open arm in the LiCl group was not significantly shorter than that in the CON group(F=0.09,P=0.113),but the SD group was significantly shorter(F=0.085,P=0.011). In FST,there was no significant difference in the immobility time between the LiCl group and the CON group(F=3.422,P=0.260). In TST, Compared with the CON group, the immobility time of the suspension tail increased in the SD group(F=11.218,P=0.005). HE staining results showed, Compared with CON group, pathological changes were found in hippocampus of SD group and SD+LiCl group. RT-PCR showed thatCompared with CON group, the mRNA expression of NF-κB and NLRP3 in LiCl group were not significantly different(F=4.629,P=0.147, F=15.555,P=0.107).However, the SD group were significantly increased (F=6.969,P<0.001,F=15.833,P=0.017).

NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway may play a regulatory role in the development of SD-induced anxiety-depression-like behavior in mice.

To evaluate the impact of DRG medical insurance payment reform on the quality development of a tertiary comprehensive hospital in Guangxi.

This study selected data on all inpatient settlement cases in the hospital from 2020 to 2021, and calculated the DRG grouping of all cases according to the national CHS-DRG version 1.0 grouping plan. The interruption time series analysis method was further used to analyze the level and trend changes of indicators after the DRG policy reform in hospitals in December 2020. These indicators included total weight, case group index, cost consumption index, time consumption index, average length of stay, average hospitalization cost per visit, etc. They were used to evaluate the hospital’s medical service capacity, medical service efficiency, and medical safety, in order to understand the quality of the hospital.

A total of 72 089 cases were included in this study. Indicators such as cost consumption index (β=-0.242, P=0.001), time consumption index (β=-0.119, P=0.002), average length of stay (β=-1.543, P=0.011), proportion of high incidence cases (β=-0.028, P=0.026), and average cost of hospitalization (β=-3 669.366, P=0.026) showed an immediate decrease during the implementation of DRG policy.

After implementing the DRG policy reform, the hospital has significantly improved the efficiency of medical services, but still faces the challenge of adjusting structure and increasing quality.

To examine the association between exposure to ambient PM_2.5 chemical components and semen quality in Southwest China.

We conducted a longitudinal study to investigate 1 105 sperm donors who lived in Sichuan Province, China and underwent semen examination in Sichuan Province human sperm bank from October 2019 to December 2021. Exposure to ambient PM_2.5 and its chemical components in lag 0-90 d, lag 0-9 d, lag 10-14 d and lag 70-90 d were assessed by extracting monthly PM_2.5 and its chemical components values from a few validated grid datasets at each subject’s residential address. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between PM_2.5 and its chemical components. A linear mixed-effects model was used to analyze the relationship between exposure to PM_2.5 chemical components and semen quality parameters.

PM_2.5 is highly positively correlated with its chemical components. PM_2.5, NH₄⁺, SO₄^2-, NO₃^-, OM, and BC exposures were significantly associated with decreased total motility (P<0.05). OM exposure was significantly associated with decreased in sperm progressive motility (P<0.05), and the mean change in sperm progressive motility was -1.166 (95%CI: -2.174 - -0.171) for per IQR (3.1 μg/m³) increase in OM.

PM_2.5 and its chemical components are risk factors for sperm total motility.

Using Mendelian randomization analysis to explore the immune cells involved in myocarditis(MC).

Genome-wide association study (GWAS) was used to mine the data, and the exposure factors were 731 immune cell traits, and the outcome factor was myocarditis. Regression models such as Inverse-Variance Weighted method (IVW), MR-Egger, Simple Mode, weighted median and Weighted Mode were used for Mendelian randomization analysis. At the same time, heterogeneity tests, horizontal multiple validity analyses, and sensitivity analyses were also conducted. Multivariate Mendelian randomization analysis of the relevant immune cell traits was performed by Inverse-Variance Weighted method (IVW) to correct the effect of seven positive immune cell traits on the outcome.

(1)The results of Mendelian randomization showed that there was a causal relationship between 7 immune cell traits that include CD39+resting Treg %resting Treg (OR=1.237, 95%CI:1.039-1.474), CD4+CD8dim %leukocyte (OR=0.737, 95%CI:0.543-0.100), CD28-CD8dim AC (OR=0.868, 95%CI:0.753-0.100), CD28-CD8br AC (OR=1.398, 95%CI:1.097-1.780), CD20 on CD20-CD38- (OR=1.295, 95%CI:1.012-1.659), CCR2 on monocyte (OR=1.010, 95%CI:1.000-1.208), CD11b on basophil (OR=0.852, 95%CI:0.727-0.998) and MC.(2)The results of multivariate Mendelian randomization showed that CD39+ resting Treg %resting Treg (OR=1.228, 95%CI:1.059-1.423), CD28-CD8dim AC (OR=0.629, 95%CI:0.428-0.924), CCR2 on monocyte (OR=0.661, 95%CI:0.488-0.895) were correlated with MC.(3)The results of reverse Mendelian randomization did not find a causal relationship between 7 positive immune signatures and MC.

This study confirm the close relationship between immune cells and MC through genetics, which will provide a reference for future research.

To investigate the effects of the interactions between type 2 diabetes risk-related genetic variations and occupational noise on prediabetes, and to provide the evidence for prevention of prediabetes in occupational populations.

A total of 991 workers in a tobacco plant were selected using a cluster sampling method. All subjects were classified into the control group (n=407) and exposure group (n=584) according to their noise exposure levels. The whole blood was collected for glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) measurement and the iPLEX system was used for genotyping. The multivariable logistic regression model was used to explore the interactions of noise and type 2 diabetes risk-related genetic variations on prediabetes.

A total of 143 cases of pre-diabetes were detected with a prevalence of 14.30%. With adjustment for age, gender, smoking, alcohol consumption and body mass index (BMI), the risk of prediabetes in noise-exposed workers was 1.535 times than that of non-noise-exposed workers. CDKAL1-rs2206734 TT and IGF2BP2-rs1470579 CC genotype carriers were the risk factors for prediabetes (all OR>1, all P<0.05), and there was an interaction between IGF2BP2-rs1470579 and occupational noise exposure based on multiplication models (P<0.05).

The CDKAL1-rs2206734 TT and IGF2BP2-rs1470579 CC genotype are susceptible genes for prediabetes, and they interact with occupational noise based on a multiplicative model.

To establish a health emergency competency evaluation index system for public health personnel, so as to provide a theoretical basis for building a health emergency team.

The competency index was screened and the evaluation index frame was established by literature research method, expert association commercial method and Delphi method.The analytic hierarchy process was used to calculate the weight value of the importance of indicators at all levels, and the evaluation index system was formed.

A total of 21 experts were invited to conduct letter inquiries, and the recovery rate of the two rounds of expert letter inquiries was 100%.The Cronbach’s α coefficients of the expert letter consultation form were 0.968 and 0.963,expert authority level 0.865,Kendall’s W coordination coefficient in 2 rounds of correspondence suggested that experts had a high consistency (P<0.05). The evaluation index system of public health personnel’s competency in health emergency work included 3 first-level indicators,11 second-level indicators and 68 third-level indicators.The weights of the first-level indicators are respectively health emergency literacy (0.517 4), professional literacy (0.336 1) and personal literacy (0.146 6).

Good health emergency literacy is the basis for public health personnel to respond to public health emergencies.The weight of each index in this index system is determined by Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process, and the results are scientific and reliable.

To analyse the trend of COPD patients’ inpatient costs and its influencing factors in the context of the reform of DRG, and to provide reference for the reasonable control of COPD inpatient costs.

ITSA were used to analyse the trend of COPD patients’ inpatient costs in a tertiary general hospital from 2018 to 2022, and univariate analysis, stepwise regression analysis and RFM were used to analyse the factors influencing the inpatient costs and the degree of significance of COPD patients’ inpatient costs after the official operation of the DRG.

The results of ITSA showed that the overall inpatient costs of COPD patients decreased significantly and by an average of 1.82% per month during the DRG operation stage; the integrated medical service fee, drug fee, and consumable fee all showed a decreasing trend during the DRG operation stage, by an average of 1.06%, 1.67%, and 4.98% per month, respectively, but the proportion of the integrated medical service fee increased compared with that before the DRG reform by 7.18%; The stepwise regression results showed that the number of hospital days (β=0.584), admission status (β=0.294), whether surgery (β=0.125), whether traditional Chinese medicine (β=0.084), and drug share ratio (β=0.099) had a statistically significant impact on COPD hospitalisation costs (P<0.05); and the results of the Random Forest model analysis showed that hospital days, admission status, drug share ratio were the most important factors influencing COPD hospitalisation costs. status, and medication ratio were the key factors affecting COPD hospitalisation costs.

DRG can effectively promote medical institutions to strengthen cost management and reduce the economic burden of disease. Hospitals should further reduce the cost of COPD and the economic burden of patients by reducing the number of inpatient days, strengthening the management of critically ill patients, and promoting the rational use of drugs.