To analyze the epidemiological trends of Alzheimer’s disease in the elderly population in China from 1990 to 2019, and to provide a scientific basis for the specific formulation of prevention and treatment measures.

Based on data obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 database, we analyzed quantitative changes in the number of incidences and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of Alzheimer’s disease among people aged 60 to 89 years in China from 1990 to 2019. Trend changes over the period were assessed by calculating the annual percentage change (AAPC) and linkage regression analysis, age-period-cohort models were constructed by Stata17 to analyze trends in DALY incidence and rates along three dimensions: age, period, and cohort.

The number of DALY and Alzheimer’s disease incidence cases in the Chinese elderly population in 2019 was 1 526 516 and 5 034 024 person-years, respectively, with 5 829 523 and 1 956 623 person-years of DALY and Alzheimer’s disease incidence in elderly men, and 943 563 and 3 077 401 person-years of DALY and Alzheimer’s disease incidence in elderly women, respectively. The Chinese elderly population in 2019 Incidence and DALY rates were 600.49 per 100 000 and 1 980.23 per 100 000, respectively, increasing at an average rate of 1.12% and 0.81% per year, with a more pronounced increase in elderly men than in elderly women.

China’s elderly population faces a heavy burden of disease from Alzheimer’s disease, and the government should take immediate action to alleviate the heavy morbidity and financial burden on patients.

To explore the relationship between cumulative ecological risk and junior middle school student’s online aggressive behavior.

In 2023, convenience sampling method was adopted. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 340 junior middle school students from 2 middle schools in Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with cumulative ecological risk scale, normative beliefs about aggression scale and online aggressive behavior scale, and the mediation effect was tested by non-parametric percentile Bootstrap method with bias correction.

The cumulative ecological risk was positively correlated with online aggressive behavior and normative beliefs about aggression (r=0.51,r=0.53,P<0.01). There was a significant positive correlation between normative beliefs about aggression and online aggressive behavior (r=0.73,P<0.01). Online aggressive behavior had significant positive regression on cumulative ecological risk and normative beliefs about aggression (β=0.17,95%CI:0.09-0.26,β=0.63,95%CI:0.56-0.70,P<0.001), and normative beliefs about aggression had significant positive regression on cumulative ecological risk (β=0.52,95%CI:0.44-0.60,P<0.001). Normative beliefs about aggression played a partial mediating role between cumulative ecological risk and online aggressive behavior, and the mediating effect was 0.33(95%CI:0.27-0.40), accounting for 64.71% of the total effects.

Cumulative ecological risk can not only directly affect the online aggressive behavior, but also indirectly affect the online aggressive behavior of junior middle school student through the normative belief about aggression. In the future, the level of online aggressive behavior can be regulated by intervening the normative belief about aggression.

To explore the relationship between the walking time of pregnant women and the maintenance of the antibody level of SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine, so as to provide a reference basis for the prevention of pregnant women’s infection and the promotion of maternal and infant health during the normalization management of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia epidemic.

In a multicenter cross-sectional study in Guangdong Province, 854 pregnant women who were vaccinated with inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine were included to investigate their demographic characteristics and physical activity, and detect their serum SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels. Multifactor logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation between the walking time of pregnant women and the positive rate of SARS-CoV-2 antibody.

The positive rates of neutralizing antibody, IgG and IgM of serum SARS-CoV-2 were 44.6%, 46.1% and 3.4% respectively. There was a difference in the positive conversion rate of neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 among pregnant women at different walking times(P<0.05), and this difference did not appear in the level of IgG and IgM antibodies(P>0.05). Compared to pregnant women who walked for more than 30 minutes per day, pregnant women who walked for 15~30 minutes per day had a higher NAb positivity rate(OR=1.56, 95%CI:1.09~2.23).

The walking time of pregnant women is related to maintaining the antibody level of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. The antibody level of pregnant women who walk for 15~30min/d is higher. The walking exercise of pregnant women is beneficial to the immune system. It is suggested that pregnant women should exercise moderately every day to maintain good health.

To provide reference for controlling or delaying the decline of pulmonary ventilation function in male pneumoconiosis patients by studying associations of serum albumin levels with the risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in male pneumoconiosis patients.

A retrospective cohort design was adopted in this study. Male pneumoconiosis patients who were hospitalized in West China Fourth Hospital from January 2012 to December 2021 and did not have pulmonary ventilation dysfunction at baseline were selected as the study objects. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to calculate HRs and 95% CIs to evaluate the association of baseline serum albumin levels and the risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction. Restricted cubic spline plot was used to explore whether there was a dose-response relationship between baseline serum albumin concentrations and the risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction.

A total of 746 subjects were included in this study. Fully adjusted model results of Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that male pneumoconiosis patients with serum albumin higher than 40.8 g/L had a reduced risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction compared with male pneumoconiosis patients with serum albumin lower than 34.4g/L (HR=0.660, 95%CI: 0.439-0.992). The restricted cubic spline figure showed that the risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in male pneumoconiosis patients gradually decreased with the gradual increase of serum albumin concentrations and there was a linear negative relationship between baseline serum albumin concentrations and the incidence risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in male pneumoconiosis patients (P<0.05).

Higher serum albumin is a protective factor for severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in male pneumoconiosis patients and maintaining the serum albumin concentrations above 40.8 g/L can reduce the risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction.

To understand the prevalence and trend of hepatitis A and E in Yantai from 2011 to 2022, and to conduct serological research on hepatitis A and hepatitis E in the community population so as to provide data for effective prevention and control of two types of hepatitis.

The case-related information came from the monitoring data of China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the prevalence of hepatitis A and hepatitis E in Yantai City from 2011 to 2022. Two areas in Yantai were selected bymulti-stage random cluster sampling method to carry out monitoring of hepatitis A and hepatitis E antibody levels in community populations. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect serum levels of anti-hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) antibodies.

A total of 858 cases of hepatitis A and 3 145 cases of hepatitis E were reported from 2011 to 2022. The annual average incidence rate of hepatitis A was 1.01/100 000, and the incidence was sporadic throughout the year.The annual average incidence rate of hepatitis E was 3.72/100 000. The incidence was mainly in winter and spring. The reported cases of hepatitis A and hepatitis E were mainly concentrated in the northern coastal areas. 86.48% of the reported cases of hepatitis A are 25-69 years old, while 91.86% of the reported cases of hepatitis E were 35-79 years old.The composition of hepatitis A and hepatitis E was mainly men and farmers. A total of 600 blood samples were collected from healthy people, the overall seroprevalence of HAV IgM, HEV IgM, HAV IgG and HEV IgG were 1.83%, 85.67% and 32%, respectively. In terms of age, the positive rate of HAV IgM was the highest in 61-70 years old group (3.9%), HAV IgG positive rate in over 70 years old group was the highest, HEV IgM positive rate in 51-60 years old group was the highest (4.21%),and HEV IgG positive rate in over 70 years old group was the highest. Farmers had the highest positive rates of HAV IgG and HEV IgG, while students, household workers, and unemployed individuals have the highest positive rates of HAV IgM and HEV IgM. Farmers had the highest positive rates of HAV IgG (92.52%) and HEV IgG (46.26%), students had the highest positive rates of HAV IgM (2.78%) and housework and unemployed people had the highest positive rates of HAV IgM and HEV IgM (3.17%).

The incidence of hepatitis A and hepatitis E remained at a relatively high level in Yantai from 2011 to 2022, and the positive levels of HAV IgG and HEV IgG antibodies were relatively high. Further efforts need to be made to promote and intervene in key populations, especially men and farmers, to carry out relevant prevention and control measures and reduce infection rates.

To achieve the classification of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) by integrating information that utilize the complementary properties of multimodal data, and to provide references for clinical diagnosis.

A total of 872 subjects were obtained from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), with both clinical information, structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans. They were divided into the training set (612 subjects) and test set (260 subjects). Based on three unimodal data and four multimodal combinations of different modalities, we constructed the sparse Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (sPLS-DA) classification models in the training set to achieve the multi-classification. The macro-averaged precision (Macro-P), macro-averaged recall (Macro-R), macro-averaged F1 value (Macro-F1), and accuracy were used to evaluate the model performance, with the optimal combination of modalities obtained explored for their applicability in the test set.

The classification performance of clinical information (Macro-P=0.781 8, Macro-R=0.804 6, Macro-F1=0.791 2, Accuracy=0.796 7) among the unimodal information was better than that of sMRI and fMRI modalities. The optimal number of potential components was 1, and the number of clinical information features was 9. Among the four multimodal combinations, the clinical information + fMRI combination had the strongest classification ability (Macro-P=0.806 2,Macro-R=0.800 6, Macro-F1=0.797 6, Accuracy=0.813 2), with the optimal number of potential components selected as 1,and the number of features were 5, while the sMRI + fMRI had the worst classification ability (Macro-P=0.401 7, Macro-R=0.398 3, Macro-F1=0.349 9, Accuracy=0.565 9).Applying the best modal combination to the test set, the model performance metrics achieved were 0.791 8 for Macro-P, 0.734 5 for Macro-R, 0.758 4 for Macro-F1, and 0.766 4(0.646 0, 0.846 5) for Accuracy.

The performance of the sPLS-DA classification model constructed based on each multimodal combination was higher than that of the unimodal, among which the combination of clinical information + fMRI modality had the best performance, which couldgreatly facilitate the formulation of scientific and reasonable clinical diagnosis plans.

To analyze the influencing factors and improvement paths of the service capacity of standardized township health centers in Guangxi under the background of "high-quality service at the grassroots level", providing useful reference for further deepening reform and promoting the healthy development of rural medical and health systems.

By the end of 2021, township health centers that have reached the recommended standard of "quality service primary line" service ability were selected as the research samples, and the coupled coordination degree model was combined with fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis method to carry out empirical analysis.

Single factors cannot constitute a necessary condition for improving or decreasing the service capacity of township health centers. There are a total of four configuration paths for improving the service capacity of township health centers in Guangxi, among which the core sufficient conditions for playing a leading role are the number of high-level practicing (assistant) physicians, the number of registered nurses, and coupling coordination scheduling. The overall consistency of the solution is 0.920 (≥0.8), and the model has strong explanatory power.

The improvement of service capacity in township health centers in Guangxi is facilitated by the synergistic effect of multiple factors both internally and externally. The optimization and expansion of grassroots talent teams is the core combination element for the improvement of service capacity in township health centers, and the coupling and coordinated development of medical resource allocation and economy is the key element for the improvement of service capacity.

To summarize the performance and implementation status of various randomization methods, and to provide clinical researchers with a guide for choosing an appropriate randomization method and executing it in a standardized manner.

The review elucidated the conceptual and implementation integrity of randomization, and illuminated the developmental history and application of major randomization methods, as well as their performance in the two competitive dimensions of group allocation randomness and group sample balance.

Restricted randomization was frequently used to maintain an appropriate treatment balance in practice. Block randomization was the most widely used, but its allocation sequence lacked sufficient randomness and could be predicted, elevating the risk of selection bias, especially in open-label trials. Methods offering a superior trade-off between randomness and balance included MTI restricted randomization methods like the big stick design and maximal procedure, as well as combinations of multiple randomization methods such as the block urn design and sandwich mixed randomization. Many clinical researchers still had misconceptions about the randomization concept itself and often overlooked its critical methodological rigor and standardized implementation.

Researchers should meticulously choose a suitable randomization method and report implementation details in a standardized manner, allowing peer researchers to evaluate the internal validity and evidence strength of the study. Due to its high predictability, the widely used block randomization method should be substituted by alternative methods with better performance. Future randomization procedures can be explored and developed based on the MTI restrictive methods and the combinations of existing methods.

To understand the current situation of chronic kidney disease in the elderly in urban communities and to explore its influencing factors.

The data were based on the National Basic Public Health Service Project in Qingyang District, Chengdu in 2019. The physical examination data of the elderly aged 65 years or older were used and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated from serum creatinine using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation. CKD was defined as eGFR less than 60 mL/min per 1.73 m². Kruskal-Wallis H test, Chi-square test and linear trend Chi-square test were used to compare the differences in the prevalence of CKD among the elderly in urban communities with different characteristics, and the influencing factors of CKD among the elderly in urban communities were explored by multivariate logistic regression model.

Among the 23 851 elderly in urban communities, the prevalence of CKD was 9.8%, and the awareness rate was 6.7%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age 80 years or older (OR=9.874, 95%CI: 8.576-11.369, P<0.001), smoking (OR=1.221, 95%CI: 1.031-1.447, P=0.021), dyslipidemia (OR=1.400, 95%CI: 1.274-1.539, P<0.001), hypertension (OR=1.711, 95%CI: 1.546-1.894, P<0.001) and diabetes (OR=1.151, 95%CI: 1.043-1.27, P=0.005) were positively related to CKD. Higher education (OR=0.644, 95%CI: 0.526-0.787, P<0.001) and everyday physical activity (OR=0.647, 95%CI: 0.571-0.732, P<0.001) were negatively related to CKD.

The prevalence of CKD in the elderly in urban communities is high, but the awareness rate is low. To optimize the management of CKD in urban communities and aim at lowering the development of CKD and slowing its progression.

To investigate the mechanism of IGF2/JAK2/STAT3 on learning and memory impairment induced by aluminum maltol in rats.

A total of 32 SD rats were divided into normal saline control group and low, medium and high maltol aluminum exposure groups (10, 20 and 40 μmol/kg) by random number table, respectively, and intraperitoneally injected every other day for three months. After exposure, Morris water maze was applied to examine the learning and memory ability of rats, and HE staining was used to check the arrangement of hippocampal neurons. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was applied to detect the relative expression level of IGF2 mRNA in hippocampus of rats. Western Blotting was used for detecting the relative protein expression levels of Cleaved Caspase3, IGF2, p-JAK2(Tyr1007/1008), and p-STAT3(Ser727) in the hippocampus of rats.

With the increase of aluminum dose, the escape latency of rats in the same day was prolonged, and the residence time in the target quadrant and the times of crossing the platform were gradually reduced (F=7.900, P=0.001; F=6.693, P=0.002). HE staining results showed that the number of neurons in CA1 region of hippocampus gradually decreased and the arrangement of neurons was obviously loose with the increase of aluminum dose (F=25.947, P<0.001). With increasing aluminum dose, apoptosis-associated protein Bcl-2 levels decreased gradually (F=83.235, P<0.001), Bax (F=153.189, P<0.001) and Cleaved Caspase3 (F=11.636, P<0.01) levels was gradually increased, and the relative expression levels of IGF2 mRNA and IGF2, p-JAK2 (Tyr1007/1008), p-STAT3 (Ser727) proteins decreased gradually with the increase of aluminum dose (F=18.423, P<0.001; F=11.072, P=0.001; F=55.161, P<0.001; F=10.481, P=0.001).

Aluminum maltol can induce cell apoptosis by inhibiting IGF2/JAK2/STAT3 pathway, which could damage the learning and memory ability of rats.