To explore the influencing factors and improvement paths for the equity of public health human resource allocation in China, providing references for accelerating the development of the public health talent workforce.

The study assessed the equity of public health human resource allocation in China from 2019 to 2021 through concentration degree evaluation and employed fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis to investigate the pathways affecting its equity.

There were 11 configurations in the high equity group for public health human resource allocation from 2019 to 2021, with a total consistency and total coverage of 0.97 (>0.8) and 0.66 (>0.5), respectively, indicating a strong explanatory power of the model. Population concentration emerged as a core condition across all configurations.

The equity of public health human resource allocation results from a combination of multiple factors, with identifiable key directions. Among these, population concentration is a core factor, while institutional allocation levels and government health expenditures serve as important leverage points. The synergistic effects among various elements, including institutions, individuals, society, and government, contribute to achieving high equity in public health human resource allocation.

To investigate the longitudinal relationship between physical function, impairment in activities of daily living, and depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older adults in China, as well as to explore the mediating role of self-rated health.

Data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) national cohort from 2013 to 2020 were analyzed, including 7 899 participants aged 45 and older. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was employed to analyze the longitudinal association between impairment and depressive symptoms. The Process macro model 4 was used to construct the model, examining the mediating effect of self-rated health, with the Bootstrap method applied to test the significance of the mediation effect.

After adjusting for confounding factors, the Cox proportional hazards regression results indicated that the risk of depressive symptoms for individuals with only physical function impairment, only activities of daily living impairment, and dual impairment was 1.408 times (95%CI: 1.284-1.543), 1.447 times (95%CI: 1.166-1.795), and 1.825 times (95%CI: 1.636-2.034) higher, respectively, compared to those without impairment (P<0.001). Self-rated health played a significant partial mediating role in the relationship between the two, with the effect size being the largest in the group with only physical function impairment at 24.29%, followed by the dual impairment group at 17.02%, and the group with only activities of daily living impairment at 12.15%.

There is a longitudinal relationship between physical function, activities of daily living impairment, and depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older adults. Additionally, self-rated health serves as a partial mediator in this relationship. Implementing targeted interventions to delay the aging of physical functions and improve self-rated health can effectively control the occurrence and progression of depression in this population, facilitating a shift towards preventive measures.

To analyze the depression status and its influencing factors among elderly patients with dyslipidemia comorbidity in China.

Utilizing data from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), we selected individuals aged 60 and above suffering from two or more chronic diseases, including dyslipidemia, to calculate the prevalence of depressive symptoms. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the influencing factors of depressive symptoms.

A total of 1 120 elderly patients with dyslipidemia comorbidity were included in this study, with a prevalence of depressive symptoms at 46.79%. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that living in rural areas (OR=2.121, 95%CI: 1.475-3.050) and having physical functional impairments (OR=1.053, 95%CI: 1.035-1.072) were risk factors for depression. Conversely, self-rated health (OR=0.782, 95%CI: 0.641-0.955), daily sleep duration (OR=0.835, 95%CI: 0.776-0.899), life satisfaction (OR=0.653, 95%CI: 0.522-0.816), health satisfaction (OR=0.676, 95%CI: 0.554-0.826), and spousal relationship satisfaction (OR=0.691, 95%CI: 0.572-0.835) were identified as protective factors against depression.

The prevalence of depression among elderly patients with dyslipidemia comorbidity in China is notably high. There is a need to enhance the assessment of depressive symptoms in these patients, particularly focusing on those in rural areas and those with physical functional impairments, to safeguard their mental health.

To investigate the concentration and genetic variations of SARS-CoV-2 in sewage in Guiyang city from February to December 2023.

A total of 1 034 sewage samples were analyzed for ORF1ab and N gene concentrations using quantitative PCR, and full viral genome sequencing was performed using the Illumina sequencing platform.

Among the 1 034 samples collected, 587 were tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. The median concentration of the ORF1ab gene was 3.69 copies/ml, and the median concentration of the N gene was 7.57 copies/ml. There was a correlation between the concentration of SARS-CoV-2 in sewage and the number of reported cases from medical institutions. Full genome sequencing was conducted on five SARS-CoV-2 positive samples with CT values <32, achieving an average coverage ranging from 63.91% to 97.28%. All viral types identified were Omicron sub lineages, with a total of 110 mutation sites identified. The S protein exhibited 22 amino acid changes, including the critical mutation E484A.

The detection rate of SARS-CoV-2 in urban sewage in Guiyang city is relatively high, and the viral concentration correlates well with clinical cases. The application of whole genome sequencing technology allows for the detection of genetic variants in the viral material present in sewage and identifies multiple mutation sites. Monitoring viruses in urban sewage effectively captures the spatiotemporal trends of the disease, serving as an important complement to clinical testing and providing a reference for local governments to implement precise epidemic prevention policies.

To explore the relationships among various influencing factors of cognitive function in elderly patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain of the elderly(CMPE) based on structural equation modeling.

From November 2023 to June 2024, a convenience sampling method was used to select 510 hospitalized CMPE patients at the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University for a questionnaire survey. Multiple linear stepwise regression and structural equation modeling (SEM) were employed to analyze the influencing factors of cognitive function in CMPE patients.

The average cognitive function score of the 510 CMPE patients was (24.84±3.792). The SEM analysis revealed that chronic disease status, age, depression, and pain scores had negative direct effects on cognitive function, with effect values of -0.422 (95%CI: -0.668 to-0.268), -0.357 (95%CI: -0.449 to -0.226), -0.146 (95%CI: -0.226 to -0.066), and -0.141 (95%CI: -0.239 to -0.084), respectively. Educational level and social support had positive direct effects on cognitive function, with effect values of 0.201(95%CI: 0.179 to 0.313) and 0.148 (95%CI: 0.096 to 0.260). Among these, educational level, social support, and pain scores exhibited both direct and indirect effects on cognitive function, with total effect values of 0.243 (95%CI: 0.179 to 0.313), 0.175(95%CI: 0.096 to 0.260), and -0.160 (95%CI: -0.239 to -0.084), respectively.

Cognitive function in CMPE patients requires improvement. Medical institutions should conduct cognitive screenings and interventions early to reduce the risk of cognitive impairment and delay the onset of dementia.

To explore the relationship between parental occupational types and adolescent depression symptoms, providing a basis for promoting adolescent mental health.

Data from the 2018 follow-up survey of the China Family Panel Studies were collected, including demographic information, behavioral lifestyle, depression symptoms, and parental occupations of adolescents aged 10 to 19. Depression symptoms were assessed using the Simplified Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and parental occupational types were classified according to the “Occupational Classification of the People’s Republic of China (2022 Edition)”. A multivariate logistic regression model was employed to analyze the association between parental occupational types and adolescent depression symptoms.

In total, 1 971 adolescents were analyzed, including 1 045 boys (53.02%) and 926 girls (46.98%); 525 were only child in the family (26.64%). Among fathers, 1 531 had an education level of junior high school or below (77.68%), with the majority engaged in production and manufacturing occupations (703 individuals, 35.67%). For mothers, 1 653 had an education level of junior high school or below (83.87%), primarily working in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery production and support roles (812 individuals, 41.20%). A total of 293 adolescents exhibited depression symptoms (14.86%). The results of the multifactor logistic regression analysis indicated that, after controlling for variables such as gender, age, smoking, drinking, average daily sleep duration, and parental education level, compared to the unemployed reference group, fathers in professional and technical occupations (OR=0.251, 95%CI: 0.071-0.889) and mothers in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery production and support roles(OR=0.626, 95%CI: 0.409-0.959) were statistically associated with lower risks of adolescent depression symptoms.

Adolescents whose fathers are engaged in professional and technical work or whose mothers work in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery production exhibit a lower risk of developing depression symptoms.

To introduce the application of the time series generalized regression neural network (GRNN) model in predicting the incidence of viral hepatitis in China and to evaluate its fitting and predictive accuracy.

Monthly incidence data of viral hepatitis from 2004 to 2019 were collected to construct time series. Data from January 2004 to June 2019 were used as training data, while data from July to December 2019 served as testing data. Both GRNN and SARIMA models were established to predict the incidence from July to December 2019, and the predictions were compared with the testing data. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) was employed to assess the model’s fitting and predictive performance.

The fitting MAPE for the GRNN model across various types of hepatitis ranged from 1.67% to 21.22%, while the predictive MAPE ranged from 2.26% to 17.17%. In comparison, the SARIMA model’s fitting MAPE for various types of hepatitis ranged from 3.84% to 7.87%, with a predictive MAPE ranging from 2.54% to 48.89%. Notably, the predictive MAPE for hepatitis A was 48.89%, indicating a significant prediction error.

The GRNN model outperformed the SARIMA model in predicting the monthly incidence of viral hepatitis in China, suggesting its suitability for broader application.

To analyze relevant data on the burden of appendicitis among individuals aged 70 and above in China from 1990 to 2019, describe its current status and epidemiological trends, and provide scientific evidence for exploring prevention and treatment strategies for appendicitis in the elderly population in China.

Utilizing the 2019 Global Burden of Disease data, this study analyzed the incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) of appendicitis in individuals aged 70 and above in China from 1990 to 2019. The Join point regression model was used to calculate the average annual percentage change (AAPC).

From 1990 to 2019, the incidence of appendicitis among individuals aged 70 and above in China exhibited a year-on-year increasing trend, with the most significant rise occurring between 2000 and 2005. In contrast, both the mortality rate and DALY rate showed a declining trend during the same period, with a substantial decrease starting in 2004. However, the decline rate has slowed down since 2008. Among different gender and age group compositions, the highest incidence was observed in the 70-74 age group, with a higher incidence in females compared to males. Conversely, the highest mortality and DALY rates were found in the 85-89 age group, with both rates being higher in males than in females.

Since 1990, the burden of mortality and DALY due to appendicitis among individuals aged 70 and above in China has gradually decreased, yet the incidence remains at a relatively high level. Therefore, it is essential for China to adopt various prevention and treatment strategies for the elderly population to reduce the disease burden of appendicitis in those aged 70 and above.

To investigate the chain mediating effects of sedentary behavior and smoking on the relationship between screen exposure and visceral fat index in adult men.

Data were collected from the 2020 Chronic Disease Risk Factor Survey in Guizhou Province, focusing on male participants. A health behavior questionnaire was employed to gather information on electronic screen exposure time, sedentary behavior, and smoking quantity. Laboratory indicators were used to assess blood lipid levels, while physical measurements provided data on height, weight, and waist circumference. A correlation coefficient matrix was constructed to analyze the relationships among variables, and a multiple mediation model was developed to explore the mediating pathways of sedentary time and smoking in the relationship between screen exposure and visceral fat index. The PROCESS plugin in SPSS was used to test the chain mediation effects via the bootstrap method, and the mediation pathways were illustrated using Amos.

A total of 1 174 subjects were included in the study. After controlling for age, urban/rural status, education level, marital status, and occupation, regression results indicated a significant direct effect of screen exposure on the visceral fat index in men (β=0.232, 95%CI: 0.915-0.270). Sedentary time (β=0.046, 95%CI: 0.038-0.055) and smoking quantity(β=0.031, 95%CI: 0.004-0.059) were also found to significantly influence the visceral fat index. The mediation analysis revealed that the simple mediating effects of sedentary time and smoking between screen exposure and the visceral fat index were 0.018(95%CI: 0.020-0.033) and 0.056 (95%CI: 0.042-0.072), respectively, while the chain mediation effect was 0.009 (95%CI:0.003-0.014).

Sedentary behavior and smoking exhibit mediating effects in the relationship between screen exposure and visceral fat index in men. As screen exposure is a prevalent lifestyle factor, it is crucial for men to reduce smoking and sedentary behaviors during screen time to mitigate the occurrence of visceral obesity.

To understand the current status and trends of the burden of mushroom poisoning diseases in Guizhou Province from 2011 to 2023, providing a basis for the formulation of rational prevention and control measures.

A descriptive analysis was conducted on mushroom poisoning incident data from the “Foodborne Disease Outbreak Monitoring System” in Guizhou Province from 2011 to 2023. The mushroom poisoning mortality data were organized by gender, age, and year. The World Health Organization’s Excel template was used to calculate Years of Life Lost (YLLs) due to premature death, and the human capital method was employed to estimate the indirect economic burden caused by mushroom poisoning in Guizhou Province. The Join point regression model was utilized to analyze the temporal trends in incidence rates, mortality rates, and YLLs rates of mushroom poisoning.

From 2011 to 2023, Guizhou Province reported a total of 2 518 mushroom poisoning outbreaks, affecting 8 716 individuals and resulting in 97 deaths, with a mortality rate of 0.25 per 100 000 population. The total YLLs for the entire population was 2 139 person-years, with a YLLs rate of 5.55 person-years per 100 000; YLLs and YLLs rates for males were higher than those for females. The highest YLLs were observed in the 45 to <60 age group, while the highest YLLs rate was found in the 60 to <70 age group. The overall indirect economic burden of the 97 mushroom poisoning deaths in Guizhou Province was 40.8 569 million yuan, averaging 421 200 yuan per case. From 2011 to 2023, the incidence rate of mushroom poisoning in Guizhou Province showed a continuous upward trend, while both the mortality rate and YLLs rate exhibited a continuous downward trend, with annual percentage changes (APC) of 26.79%, -17.76%, and -16.70%, respectively (P<0.05).

The incidence rate of mushroom poisoning in Guizhou Province is on a continuous rise, with higher YLLs in males compared to females and the highest YLLs observed in the 45 to <60 age group, corresponding to a significant indirect economic burden. It is essential to enhance effective public education and continue to strengthen medical treatment to reduce the occurrence of toxic mushroom poisoning.