To explore the relationship between the interaction of health literacy and mobile phone dependence and sub-health status of college students, so as to provide evidence-based evidence for improving sub-health status of college students.

Cluster sampling was used to investigate the social demographic characteristics, health literacy, mobile phone dependence and sub-health of college students in Shandong Second Medical University. logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation between each factor and sub-health status, and the interaction between health literacy and mobile phone dependence and sub-health status was analyzed.

The total detection rates of mobile phone dependence and sub-health were 83.8% (461/550) and 66.7% (367/550), respectively. After adjusting relevant variables, logistic regression analysis found that college students with low health literacy and dependence on mobile phones had the highest risk of sub-health, which was 31.901 times that of college students with high health literacy and no dependence on mobile phones, and the college students without mobile phone dependence and high health literacy were taken as the reference group, and mobile phone dependence and medium and low health literacy had positive synergistic interactions with sub-health, OR values were 5.030 (95% CI: 3.079 - 8.217) and 8.014 (95% CI: 4.404 - 14.583). The calculated relative values of RERI, AP and SI didn’t meet the conditions and cannot indicate the existence of additive interaction.

The interaction between health literacy and mobile phone dependence is associated with sub-health status of college students, which can be used as an evidence-based basis to improve health.

To explore the effects of tooth loss and denture use on cognitive impairment in the elderly.

Based on the data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), over 60-year-old elderlies were selected as the research subjects.Logistic regression was conducted to explore the effects of tooth loss, denture use on cognitive impairment in elderly and subgroup analysis, and interaction analysis were performed for gender and social participation.

A total of 4 372 elderly people were enrolled, and the rate of cognitive impairment was 16.20% (709/4 372). Older age, female, rural living, lower education, no spouse, with depressive symptoms, and without social-participation are risk factors for cognitive impairment. Group of non-total tooth loss without dentures (OR=1.382; 95% CI: 1.145-1.669) and group of total tooth loss without dentures (OR=2.074; 95% CI: 1.186-3.627) were associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment. The results of subgroup analysis showed that the male population with non-total tooth loss and no dentures (OR=1.413; 95% CI: 1.077-1.853), with total tooth loss and no dentures (OR=2.600; 95% CI: 1.263-5.352) was still associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment, while the female with non-total tooth loss and no dentures (OR=1.363; 95% CI: 1.046-1.776) was significantly associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment.The non-social-participation-group with non-total tooth loss and no dentures (OR=1.475; 95% CI: 1.123-1.937), with total tooth loss and no dentures (OR=2.720; 95% CI: 1.294-5.715) were associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment.There was no interaction between tooth loss, denture use, genderand social participation in the incidence of cognitive impairment(P>0.05).

The combination of tooth loss and denture use is an independent influence factor for cognitive impairment. The use of dentures can reduce the adverse effects of tooth loss on cognitive dysfunction, especially for those with partial tooth loss. The elderly should be encouraged to retain natural teeth, restore missing teeth in time. Although there is no interaction between tooth loss, denture use and social participation, older adults are suggested to take part in social activities.

To explore the characteristics of HIV molecular transmission network of men who have sex with men (MSM) among newly reported HIV cases in Jinan, China.

The plasma samples of newly reported HIV-1 MSM in Jinan from 2022 to 2023 were collected. The pol region gene was amplified using nested PCR followed by sequencing. The obtained sequences were used to construct phylogenetic tree and molecular transmission network. The related factors for participants entering a cluster were analyzed. Drug resistance mutations were identified and analyzed using the online software of HIV drug resistance database of Stanford University.

This study obtained 207 sequences and identified 15 HIV-1 subtypes. The dominant subtypes were CRF07_BC (76/207, 36.7%) and CRF01_AE (74/207, 35.7%), followed by B subtypes (21/207, 10.1%), CRF114_0155 (9/207, 4.3%), and CRF55_01B (8/207, 3.9%). Setting 1.5% as the gene distance threshold, a total of 15 molecular clusters were formed by 42 sequences, with a transmission network entry rate of 20.3%. Multivariate Logistic Analysis results showed that MSM with college or above education level and CD4 count>500 cells/μl were more likely to enter the molecular transmission network. Among the 207 participants, 11(5.3%) were detected with drug resistance mutations, including 2 with PI resistance mutations, 6 with NRTI resistance mutations, 2 with NNRTI resistance mutations, and 2 with INSTI resistance mutations. One participant was detected with both NRTI and NNRTI resistance mutations.

The gene subtypes of newly reported HIV cases are diverse, mainly were CRF07_BC and CRF01_AE. MSM with younger age and higher education level are active populations in the HIV transmission network. HIV transmission network monitoring is a long-term and continuous work, and it is necessary to strengthen the traceability of key populations in the network and provide more effective intervention strategies to reduce the HIV transmission.

To translate the Chinese version of Personal Experience Scale (PECK-SF) into Chinese and test its reliability and validity in primary and secondary school students in China.

The Chinese version of PECK-SF was used to investigate the bullying victimization of 10 250 primary and secondary school students over 9 years old, and exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted respectively. The Center of Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC) and the School Connectedness Scale (SCS) were used as criterion scales.

Item analysis showed that the scores of all items in Chinese version of PECK-SF were significantly positively correlated with the total score of the scale (r=0.548-0.704, P<0.001). Exploratory factor analysis showed that the 4-factor cumulative variance explanation rate was 64.709%. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the scale fitting index was good (RMSEA=0.066, RMR=0.009, GFI=0.952, AGFI=0.929, CFI=0.941). The Chinese version of PECK-SF total scale and score by each dimension were positively correlated with CES-DC scores (r=0.273-0.492, P<0.001), and negatively correlated with SCS scores (r= -0.198——0.347, P<0.001). The Cronbach’s α coefficient of this scale is 0.879, and the split-half reliability is 0.764.

The Chinese version of PECK-SF has good reliability and validity and can be used as a bullying victimization assessment tool for primary and secondary school students over 9 years old.

To explore the effects of different sequential strength and endurance training on body composition and cardiorespiratory endurance of primary school students, and to provide theoretical basis for scientific guidance of primary school students’ fitness and improvement of children’s physical health. Subjects 60 boys in grade 5 of a primary school in Beijing (age: 10.22 y±0.73 y; height: 150.23 cm±9.63 cm; weight:45.71 kg±8.09 kg; BMI: 20.25 kg/m²±4.77 kg/m²).

The subjects were divided into three groups: simple endurance group (n=20), RE group (n=20) and ER group (n=20). Three groups of subjects were trained for 12 weeks, 3 times a week. Maximum oxygen uptake, body composition, lung function and other indicators were tested before and after intervention.One-way ANOVA and Paired Sample T-Test were used for statistical analysis.

After 12 weeks of exercise training intervention, there was no significant difference in the growth rate ofthe weight of the subjects between the three groups (Egroup: 2.78±7.23; REgroup: 4.00±7.20; ER groupin the same period: 3.47±7.94)(P>0.05).Compared with the simple endurance group, the percentage of physical fitness (Egroup: 10.69±3.34; RE group: 16.38±6.34; ER group: 23.15±10.30) was significantly decreased (P<0.01), and the ER group was better than the RE group (P<0.05). The muscle growth rate (Egroup: 6.84 ± 2.91; RE group: 12.58 ± 3.68; the ER group: 10.63±2.91) in the same period group was higher than the simple endurance group (P<0.01), and the RE group was higher than the ER group (P<0.05).The growth rate of vital capacity (Egroup: 12.71±4.64; RE group: 20.35±4.22; the ER group: 17.76±5.51) in the same period group was higher than that in the endurance group (P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the growth rate of vital capacity body mass index between the three groups (E group: 9.43±8.23; RE group: 16.55±7.96; the same period ER group: 13.44±10.26) (P>0.05).The maximum oxygen uptake growth rate (Egroup: 7.06±2.55; RE group: 14.10±4.12; the ER group: 11.26±4.04) in the same period group was higher than the endurance group (P>0.05).

Concurrent training is superior to simple endurance training in improving children’s body composition and cardiopulmonary endurance. The endurance-strength training sequence can effectively reduce the body fat content, the training sequence of strength-endurance can effectively increase the content of skeletal muscle and the improvement of children’s cardiopulmonary function is not related to the training sequence.

To analyze the reasons of late HIV diagnosis in Chengdu, and to provide scientific basis for promoting early detection.

A cross-sectional survey was used, and the questionnaires were conducted among HIV/AIDS cases in 9 districts in Chengdu. The socio-demographic data, AIDS knowledge awareness, health seeking habits, testing behavior and other information were collected. The chi-square test and binary Logistic regression model were used to analyze the influencing factors. In-depth interviews were conducted, and the sample size was determined according to the principle of "information saturation".

A total of 757 HIV/AIDS cases were investigated, of which 258 (34.1%) were found late diagnosis. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of late diagnosis was higher in age group 30-49 years old (aOR=3.350, 95% CI: 1.725-6.506) and ≥50 years old (aOR=3.913, 95% CI: 1.876-8.161) than 18-29 years old. Passive detection (aOR=2.002, 95% CI: 1.098-3.649) had a higher risk of late diagnosis than active detection. High school education or higher (aOR=0.472, 95% CI: 0.289-0.770) had a lower risk of late diagnosis than middle school education or lower. Among the 258 late diagnosis cases, 218 (84.5%) never had the idea of HIV testing in the past, mainly because they had not heard of AIDS (106 cases/48.6%) and felt that AIDS was far away from them (82 cases/37.6%). Among the 40 cases who had ever considering taking an HIV test, 17 (42.5%) did not take, mainly because they were worried about their privacy being exposed (12 cases/70.6%), worried about what others think during the test process (7 cases/41.2%), and worried about being discriminated against if they tested positive (7 cases/41.2%). In-depth interviews were conducted on 16 patients with late diagnosis. The reasons for late diagnosis mainly included: never heard of AIDS, serious misunderstanding of AIDS cognition, lack of risk perception awareness, and fluke mentality.

In order to effectively reduce the level of late HIV diagnosis, it is necessary to promote high-quality AIDS health education, improve the awareness of AIDS knowledge and risk perception after high risk behaviors, and encourage people with high risk behaviors to take the initiative to receive HIV testing as soon as possible. Building a supportive social environment to avoid giving up active testing for fear of discrimination is also essential.

To investigate the effect of sleep quality on suicide risk among medical students and the role of depression and academic stress in the relationship.

A questionnaire survey of 3 521 current medical students was conducted using the Pittsburgh Sleepiness Scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale, the Beck Suicidal Ideation Scale, and the Academic Stress Score. SPSS 26.0 was applied for descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, ANOVA and correlation analysis of the data, and PROCESS plug-in was used for the moderated mediation test.

Sleep quality index positively predicted suicide risk（β=0.315）; depression partially mediated the association between sleep quality and suicide risk (β=0.233, 95% CI: 0.174-0.297), with a mediating effect accounting for 74.19% of the total effect; academic stress moderated the first half path of the mediation model (β=0.093), i.e., moderated the effect of sleep quality on depression.

Sleep quality increases the risk of suicide among medical students by affecting depression; reducing academic stress reduces the effect of sleep quality on depression among medical students.

To analyze the epidemiological characteristics, influential factors, and the risk of reinfection in patients with hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in Xining, Qinghai, 2008-2023, and to provide scientific evidence for preventing HFMD reinfection in Xining and Qinghai-Tibet plateau regions.

The incidence data of HFMD in Xining from May 1, 2008 to December 31, 2023 were collected from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention to establish a database of cases of HFMD reinfection by filtering and organizing. Descriptive epidemiological method was used to describe the epidemiological characteristics of the reinfection cases, and the Kaplan-Meier method was utilized to assess the cumulative hazard probability of HFMD reinfection after initial infection, and Cox proportional hazards regression model was employed to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the risk of HFMD reinfection through both univariate and multivariate perspectives.

A total of 493 HFMD reinfection cases were reported in Xining 2008-2023, the reinfection incidence was 2.67% (493/18 472), and the cumulative risk for the reinfection was 3.00%. 486(98.58%) cases were infected twice, and 7 cases (1.42%) were infected three times. The Kaplan-Meier curve demonstrated that the cumulative risk of reinfection increased sharply within 30 months after the first infection, and with 74.44% of cases reinfected within 30 months. The Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis revealed that the risk of HFMD reinfection was lower in males compared to females (HR=0.822, 95% CI: 0.684-0.988), in children aged ≥3 years compared to those aged <3 years(HR=0.586, 95% CI: 0.445-0.771). The risk of HFMD reinfection was higher in kindergarten children (HR=5.551, 95% CI: 2.278-13.525) and scattered children (HR=6.897, 95% CI: 2.769-17.184) compared to other population groups, and in children residing in urban areas (HR=1.531, 95% CI: 1.222-1.917) compared to those in rural areas.

The reinfection rate of HFMD is relatively high in Xining. People living in urban areas, initially infected with enterovirus 71(EV71), boys under the age of 3, and scattered children have higher risk of HFMD reinfection. Targeted intervention measures ought to be implemented for these high-risk groups in order to effectively mitigate the reinfection incidence of HFMD.

To study the rifampicin resistance, genotypic characteristics and clustering of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Ningxia from 2020-2023.

98 strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were tested for rifampicin resistance using the GeneXpert MTB/RIF method, and the strains were genotyped by the McSpoligotyping method and analyzed by clustering at the MIRU-VNTRplus website.

The risk of developing rifampicin-resistant TB was significantly increased in retreatment patients (OR=33.22, 95% CI: 3.11-355.43, P<0.05), and TB patients from Zhongwei and Wuzhong cities showed a higher risk of rifampicin resistance (OR=19.42, 95% CI: 1.12-336.75, P<0.05; OR=43.25, 95% CI: 1.76-1062.70, P<0.05). 98 strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were typed by McSpoligotyping to present three lineages, with the largest lineage being the Beijing-type 80 strains (81.63%); the non-Beijing-type accounted for 18 strains (18.37%), of which 12 strains were of the T-type (12.24%), 1 strain of the U-type (1.02%), and the newly 5 strains (5.10%) were newly discovered or undefined genotypes. The Beijing type was widely distributed in all cities of Ningxia, with only the Beijing type in Guyuan and Shizuishan, and the T-type and newly discovered or undefined genotypes were mostly found in Zhongwei, Wuzhong and Yinchuan. Cluster analysis showed that the 98 strains were divided into two genetic clusters, Beijing-type and non-Beijing-type, with SIT1 accounting for the largest proportion of Beijing-type in the clusters (75.51%), T1-type in the non-Beijing-type, and the remaining 9 strains (9.18%) were independent scattered genotypes, with a cluster rate of 90.82% (89/98).

Health education has been actively carried out for retreatment patients and high-risk areas in the Ningxia region to improve treatment adherence, and TB screening and drug resistance surveillance has been strengthened in Zhongwei and Wuzhong cities. In addition, Mycobacterium tuberculosis is genetically polymorphic in this region, and Beijing SIT 1 is the main prevalent strain. Strengthening the monitoring of this gene and understanding its mode of transmission is important for controlling the spread of tuberculosis, slowing down the development of drug resistance, and ultimately improving the public health situation in the region.

To explore the comorbidity patterns and influencing factors of chronic diseases in middle-aged and elderly people in China, so as to provide new ideas for the development of corresponding chronic disease prevention and control strategies and measures.

Using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2018, after excluding samples with missing variables for 14 chronic diseases, a final sample of 19,390 individuals aged 45 and older was included. The Apriori algorithm from association rule analysis was utilized to explore the comorbidity patterns among middle-aged and elderly individuals in China. The occurrence of chronic comorbidity (two or more chronic diseases or three or more chronic diseases) was taken as the dependent variable, and the independent variable was determined according to the five dimensions of social determinants of health. 5 696 samples were included after deletion of the missing values, and the influential factors of chronic comorbidity were analyzed by univariate χ² test and multiple logistic regression.

The prevalence of comorbid chronic diseases among middle-aged and elderly individuals in our country was 55.4%. The most common comorbidity patterns were arthritis or rheumatic diseases and hypertension. Association rule analysis identified 24 strong rule combinations, with the most common binary association being gastrointestinal or digestive system diseases with arthritis or rheumatic diseases, and the most common ternary association being gastrointestinal or digestive system diseases, hypertension, and arthritis or rheumatic diseases.The results of the multivariate analysis showed that both two or more chronic diseases and three or more chronic diseases were significantly associated with increased risk factors, including: age 60-80 years (two or more chronic diseases: OR=1.479, 95% CI: 1.244-1.759; three or more chronic diseases: OR=1.526, 95% CI: 1.267-1.839), age >80 years (OR=1.545, 95% CI: 1.144-2.087; OR=1.591, 95% CI: 1.175-2.154), depressive symptoms (OR=1.435, 95% CI: 1.267-1.626; OR=1.382, 95% CI: 1.216-1.570), having a pension (OR=1.350, 95% CI: 1.141-1.598; OR=1.332, 95% CI: 1.118-1.586), and residence in central (OR=1.268, 95% CI: 1.096-1.470; OR=1.269, 95% CI: 1.088-1.479) or western regions (OR=1.217, 95% CI: 1.062-1.395; OR=1.198, 95% CI: 1.038-1.382).Conversely, factors associated with a reduced risk of chronic multimorbidity included alcohol consumption (two or more chronic diseases: OR=0.811, 95% CI: 0.707-0.930; three or more chronic diseases: OR=0.837, 95% CI: 0.724-0.968), 6-8 hours of night sleep (OR=0.806, 95% CI: 0.702-0.926; OR=0.792, 95% CI: 0.688-0.912), more than 8 hours of night sleep (OR=0.738, 95% CI: 0.635-0.858; OR=0.745, 95% CI: 0.637-0.872), self-rated general health (OR=0.357, 95% CI: 0.307-0.414; OR=0.343, 95% CI: 0.299-0.392), and self-rated good health (OR=0.136, 95% CI: 0.114-0.163; OR=0.117, 95% CI: 0.096-0.142).

It is suggested that the prevention and intervention of chronic comorbidity should be multidimensional, and the health care personnel should take into account the comorbidity of patients and the problem of multiple drug use in the formulation of comorbidity treatment plan.