To explore the association between different metabolic body weight subtypes and the risk of cardiovascular disease（CVD）incidence in middle-aged and elderly populations.

The study utilized data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study（CHARLS）, with the initial data collection phase implemented in 2011. By the end of the cohort follow-up in 2020, The final analytical sample comprised 6 353 eligible participants. Participants were classified into 6 and 4 metabolic subtypes respectively using combinations of body mass index, waist-to-height ratio, and ATP-III criteria. Cox regression was employed to explore the association between each metabolic subtype and the incidence of CVD.

During a 9-year follow-up, 1 825 individuals developed CVD. Of the total study population, 11.4%（n=730）met the criteria for obesity, with 16.0% of these obese individuals demonstrating a metabolically healthy profile. Compared to individuals who were of normal weight and metabolically healthy, those with metabolically healthy obesity（MHO）exhibited an increased risk of CVD（HR=1.70, 95% CI: 1.18-2.46）, while the risk was even higher in individuals with metabolically abnormal obesity（HR=2.48, 95% CI: 2.07-2.97）.Sensitivity analysis（using the four subtypes defined by waist-to-height ratio）found consistent results. Stratification by BMI revealed that, within normal weight and overweight populations, the risk of CVD was significantly elevated in metabolically abnormal groups compared to metabolically healthy groups. Subgroup analyses did not identify interactions between age, gender, education level,smoking, or drinking status and the various metabolic subtypes.

In middle-aged and elderly adults, MHO is linked to a higher risk of CVD. Among normal weight and overweight individuals, the risk of CVD is higher in metabolically abnormal groups than in metabolically healthy groups.MHO is not a benign subtype, and obese individuals need to enhance their weight management and lose weight in a reasonable manner.

To investigate the incidence of hypertension（HTN）among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）under standardized management in Hotan City, and to explore its associated risk factors.

A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 1 053 T2DM patients without baseline hypertension who underwent continuous health examinations from 2016 to 2023 in Hotan, Xinjiang. With new-onset hypertension as the endpoint event, their physical examination data were collected and analyzed. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model was employed to analyze the relevant influencing factors.

The average follow-up period was 4.29 years. The incidence density of hypertension among T2DM patients under standardized management was 134.66/1 000 person-years（95% CI: 124.18-145.80）, with a 5-year cumulative incidence rate of 48.81%（95% CI: 45.79-51.83）.The Cox regression analysis indicated that age ≥60 years（HR=3.41, 95% CI: 2.59-4.49）, retirement（HR=1.60, 95% CI: 1.07-2.41）, increased waist circumference（HR=1.01, 95% CI: 1.00-1.02）, and positive urinary protein（HR=1.92, 95% CI: 1.05-3.51）were independent risk factors. Male gender was a protective factor（HR=0.81, 95% CI: 0.68-0.96）. A non-linear, J-shaped relationship was observed between baseline systolic blood pressure and the risk of hypertension, with the risk significantly increasing when SBP exceeded approximately 115 mmHg.

The risk of hypertension remains high among T2DM patients under standardized management in Hotan City. It is imperative to strengthen risk assessment and management for high-risk populations, including the elderly, females, retirees, individuals with abdominal obesity, and those with positive urinary protein. For T2DM patients with elevated systolic blood pressure, intensive, full-course blood pressure monitoring and management are necessary to achieve early identification and effective control of hypertension.

To explore the differences in job burnout among female employees at different levels of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention（CDCs）in Yunnan Province, along with its influencing factors, to provide information for reducing the prevalence of job burnout among female CDC employees, and stabilizing the CDC workforce.

A combination of stratified and random sampling methods was employed to survey female employees of all CDCs in Yunnan Province. The survey was conducted from March to April 2024 using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey（MBI-GS）. Using Chi-square test, binary logistic regression, and Fairlie decomposition methods, this study analyzed the influencing factors, level differences, and their main causes of job burnout among female CDC employees.

The overall job burnout rate among 4 257 female CDC employees was 83.58%. Specifically, the burnout rate was 81.09% among those employees at provincial and prefectural levels and 84.39% among county-level, with the difference being statistically significant（χ²=6.279, P=0.012）. Regression results indicated that age 45-54 years（OR=0.521, 95% CI: 0.278-0.977）, intermediate or senior professional titles（OR=1.907, 95% CI: 1.123-3.237; OR=2.219, 95% CI: 1.183-4.166）, workload（OR=1.833, 95% CI: 1.312-2.562）, and general sleep quality（OR=0.618, 95% CI: 0.420-0.910）were identified as factors influencing job burnout among female employees at provincial and prefectural levels CDC; Age groups（OR=0.645, 95% CI: 0.471-0.883; OR=0.526, 95% CI: 0.364-0.762; OR=0.306, 95% CI: 0.159-0.589）, welfare levels（OR=0.635, 95% CI: 0.501-0.806; OR=0.365, 95% CI: 0.262-0.508）, workload（OR=1.320, 95% CI: 1.075-1.621）, attention to CDC reforms（OR=0.613, 95% CI: 0.477-0.786）, and sleep quality（OR=0.563, 95% CI: 0.440-0.720; OR=0.353, 95% CI: 0.261-0.477）were identified as factors influencing job burnout among female employees at county-level CDC. The Fairlie decomposition results indicated that 58.37% of the level differences in job burnout were caused by the characteristic effect and 41.63% by the coefficient effect.

Female CDC employees in Yunnan Province exhibit a relatively high rate of job burnout, with significant variations observed across different levels of CDCs. And welfare levels are identified as the primary factor contributing to these disparities. It is recommended that the relevant departments pay attention to the issue of job burnout among female CDC employees. Stratified and differentiated interventions should be developed and implemented to alleviate burnout and reduce disparities in burnout levels among female CDC employees across different levels.

To investigate the impact of green space exposure on adverse treatment outcomes among newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Suzhou.

Data from 18 502 newly treated pulmonary TB patients in Suzhou between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2021 were collected. Green space exposure was quantified using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index（NDVI）within 250-meter and 500-meter buffer zones around residential addresses. Cox proportional hazards regression models were applied to assess associations between green space exposure and adverse outcomes, adjusting for individual- and environmental-level covariates.

Among patients residing in high nighttime light（NTL）intensity areas, those in the highest quartiles（Q4 and Q5）of green space exposure within the 250-meter buffer exhibited significantly lower risks of adverse outcomes after covariate adjustment, with hazard ratios（HRs）of 0.692（95% CI: 0.487-0.984）and 0.353（95% CI: 0.183-0.683）, respectively. In the 500-meter buffer, stronger protective effects were observed, with HRs of 0.587（95% CI: 0.396-0.869）for Q4 and 0.212（95% CI: 0.078-0.582）for Q5. Wald tests for linear trends confirmed a dose-response relationship（P_trend<0.05）. Subgroup analyses revealed greater benefits of green space exposure for females, younger patients, indoor workers, urban residents, and clinically diagnosed cases.

Increased green space exposure is associated with reduced risks of adverse treatment outcomes among newly diagnosed PTB patients in high-NTL areas, underscoring its potential public health significance in tuberculosis management.

To provide scientific evidence for promoting salt reduction and establishing nutritionally healthy canteens.

Seven institutional and enterprise canteens in Chengdu’s chronic disease prevention zones were surveyed. Over four weeks, accounting and weighing methods were used to collect data on the usage of all condiments, weights of main/auxiliary ingredients in popular dishes, salt concentration in soups, per capita salt intake, dish-specific salt content and salt contribution rate, and condiment-derived salt contribution rates. The data was analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis H test to compare differences between groups.

Condiment usage and total salt content varied significantly across canteens. Median salt intake was 5.2（4.0, 5.5）g per diner per meal, with 87.8% contributed by table salt, fermented bean paste, soy sauce, chicken essence, and monosodium glutamate. Salt content and contribution rates of popular dishes showed significant variation（H=20.433，P=0.002；H=19.045，P=0.004）. Median dish-specific salt contribution rate was 28.7%（14.4%,43.9%）. Bean products and vegetable dishes had the highest salt content（H=11.905，P=0.018）; home-style and spicy dishes contained more salt（H=9.567，P=0.048）. In savory dishes, table salt contributed most to condiment-derived salt（H=21.305，P<0.001）; in home-style/spicy dishes, fermented bean paste/tempeh dominated（H=24.700，P<0.001）. Median soup salt concentration was 0.28%（0.12%,0.38%）, with fish/vegetable soups highest and poultry soups lowest（H=22.668，P<0.001）.

Chengdu institutional canteens exhibit high salt-containing condiment usage. Nudge-based interventions may effectively advance salt reduction and nutritionally healthy canteen development.

To understand the contamination of pathogenic bacteria in prepared meat products in Sichuan Province and provide scientific basis for the prevention of foodborne diseases.

From 2020 to 2024（excluding 2021）, 756 samples of prepared meat products were collected from farmers’ markets, supermarkets, and retail stores etc, in 11 cities. The detection of Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Yersinia enterocolitica, and diarrheagenic Escherichia coli was carried out, according to the national food safety standard method.

The detection rate of Listeria monocytogenes was the highest, at 22.75%, followed by Salmonella, with a detection rate of 7.67%. The detection rates of Yersinia enterocolitica, Staphylococcus aureus, and diarrheagenic Escherichia coli were 3.47%, 1.82%, and 1.66%, respectively. The detection rate of Salmonella in chilled prepared meat（11.29%）was higher than that in frozen prepared meat（4.33%）, and the detection rate in bulk prepared meat（9.35%）was higher than that in prepackaged prepared meat（3.88%）. The main types of Salmonella were Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimurium, accounting for 28.81% and 25.42%, respectively. Salmonella enteritidis was mainly found in poultry meat（66.67%）, while Salmonella typhimurium was mainly found in livestock meat（37.14%）. The resistance rates of Salmonella to tetracycline and ampicillin were relatively high, at 50.00% and 47.50%, respectively.

Prepared meat products in Sichuan Province are contaminated by pathogenic bacteria to varying degrees. Targeted monitoring and supervision should be continuously carried out, and food safety publicity should be strengthened.

Toanalyze the dynamic evolution laws of the quality of life status of the elderly in communities and its influencing factors, so as to provide a reference basis for improving the quality of life of the elderly.

Using the data of the Ma’anshan Healthy Aging Cohort, 2 495 community residents aged ≥ 60 years old in Ma’anshan City were selected. Taking the clustering status of the scores of the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF（WHOQOL-BREF）as the main outcome indicator, a multi-state Markov（MSM）model was used to analyze the conversion patterns of the three quality of life statuses, namely low, medium, and high.

For individuals with moderate quality of life, the estimated probabilities of deteriorating to low quality of life, remaining at moderate quality of life, and improving to high quality of life were 0.220, 0.648, and 0.132 respectively in the 1-year observation, and evolved to 0.405, 0.448, and 0.148 respectively within the 5-year observation. The results of the multivariable MSM model analysis revealed the key factors influencing the dynamic transition of the quality of life of the elderly. Age is a negative predictor of the improvement of quality of life. Compared with the 60-69-year-old group, the probability of transition from low quality of life to moderate quality of life in the 70-79-year-old group（HR=0.638, 95% CI:0.484-0.841）and the group aged 80 and above（HR=0.404, 95% CI:0.255-0.641）decreased successively. Conversely, a higher level of education was a significant promoting factor. Compared with the illiterate group, those with primary school/junior high school education（HR=1.467, 95% CI: 1.089-1.975）and those with senior high school/junior college or above education（HR=1.909, 95% CI:1.282-2.844）were more likely to achieve an improvement in quality of life. In addition, having multiple chronic diseases（≥3 types）had a dual negative impact on the quality of life. It reduced the possibility of improving the quality of life（for example, from moderate to high quality of life, HR=0.638, 95% CI:0.417-0.877）and also increased the risk of deteriorating the quality of life（for example, from high to moderate quality of life, HR=1.512, 95% CI:1.156-2.625）. Factors such as marital status, smoking, living alone, and physical exercise also had a significant impact on the transition of the quality of life status.

This study uses a multi-state model to reveal the dynamic evolution law of the quality of life of the elderly. The high-quality-of-life state is unstable, but the low-quality-of-life state is reversible. Prospective intervention strategies should be formulated for high-risk groups to delay the decline process of their quality of life.

To analyze the current status and influencing factors of long-term care needs among middle-aged and older adults in China, and to provide a reference for optimizing long-term care services and formulating precise policy supply.

Using data from the 2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study（CHARLS）, this study focused on individuals aged 45 and above. Andersen’s Behavioral Model of Health Services Use was employed as the theoretical framework. Fisher’s exact test and multinomial logistic regression models were utilized for the analysis.

75.97% preferred home-based long-term care, 1.82% preferred long-term care in nursing homes, 1.05% chose hospital-based long-term care, and 21.16% selected other care options. In terms of predisposing characteristics, males were more likely to prefer nursing home care（OR=2.19, 95% CI=1.16-4.12）and other care options（OR=1.75, 95% CI=1.37-2.22）. Individuals aged 75 and above were more inclined toward hospital-based long-term care（OR=3.80, 95% CI=1.51-9.55）. Divorced（OR=23.62, 95% CI=3.69-151.30）, widowed（OR=43.70, 95% CI=12.88-148.27）, and other marital status groups（OR=26.45, 95% CI=7.50-93.35）were more likely to choose nursing home care. Regarding enabling resources, those with pensions or wages were less likely to choose nursing home care（OR=0.17, 95% CI=0.06-0.51）but more likely to select other care options（OR=3.74, 95% CI=2.93-4.77）. In terms of psychosocial factors, individuals who participated in social activities were less likely to prefer hospital care（OR=0.40, 95% CI=0.18-0.89）and other long-term care options（OR=0.54, 95% CI=0.43-0.67）. Those with depressive tendencies were more likely to prefer nursing home care（OR=0.40, 95% CI=0.14-0.91）.

The long-term care needs of middle-aged and older adults in China are influenced by factors such as gender, age, marital status, pensions or wages, participation in social activities, and depressive tendencies. There are still significant limitations in their autonomous choice of care options, with family-based care being the predominant preference. Therefore, the government should strengthen the top-level design of long-term care service systems, improve policy support, optimize the coordinated governance of multiple departments such as civil affairs, health, and medical insurance, increase support for home-based elderly care, and provide multi-level long-term care services.

To investigate the current status of talent cultivation, motivation, and evaluation of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention（CDCs）at the provincial, municipal and county level, and to provide a foundation for enhancing the construction of CDCs talent teams.

Convenient sampling and snowball sampling methods were adopted to conduct an online survey of in-service personnel from provincial, city, and county CDCs in 31 provinces（autonomous regions and municipalities）in China by Questionnaire Star. A 5-point Likert scale was used to score satisfaction.

Among the 3 626 participants, 46.9%, 35.9%, and 64.5% reported that their units had established talent cultivation, motivation, and evaluation mechanisms, respectively. The constructed proportion of the three mechanisms in provincial CDCs and CDCs in the western region was the highest, while that in county（district）CDCs and CDCs in the central region was the lowest.Statistically significant differences were observed in the scoring rates of the three mechanisms among different levels and regions（all P<0.001）. Training, professional title, and professional title again were the top keywords for the three mechanisms, with word frequency ratios of 64.4%, 24.4%, and 76.5% respectively. The satisfaction scores of the three mechanisms were 3.49±0.84, 3.55±0.90, and 3.40±0.83 points respectively. Moreover, there were significant differences in satisfaction scores of the three mechanisms among people with different professional titles and positions（all P<0.05）.

Both county（district）level CDCs and CDCs in the central region urgently need to strengthen the construction of talent cultivation and incentive mechanisms.Professional titles are currently the main basis for motivating and evaluating talents at all levels of CDCs.CDCs at all levels should further enrich the connotation of the talent mechanism according to the needs and suggestions of employees, explore and optimize the talent incentive and evaluation measures in line with the characteristics of CDCs.

To understand the personnel development status of childcare workers in Sichuan Province and their training requirement, and put forward countermeasures and suggestions.

An questionnaire survey was conducted among childcare workers in infant care institutions for children under 3 years of age across 21 cities in Sichuan Province. The survey was organized by Health Commission of Sichuan Province and the Decision-making Consultative Committee of Sichuan Provincial Committee and the Government of Sichuan Province. Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test was used for multiple comparisons and Bonferroni correction to analyze the differences in training situations among different job types and institutional characters.

Among 9 662 childcare workers, 55.34% of them were with junior college diploma, 66.65% were with preschool education major, 20.53% didn’t receive qualification certificate. 93.07% of them had a monthly income of 4 000 yuan or less. 30.49% didn’t have the "Five Social Insurance and One Housing Fund", and 41.63% of them worked in institutions without a position promotion mechanism. 18.15% didn’t receive pre-job training, 15.76% didn’t received on-the-job training, and 86.53% would participate in regular training. The proportions of those engaged in health care who received pre-job training, on-the-job training, and would participate in regular training were higher than those of teachers and childcare workers（χ²=81.839，P<0.001；χ²=39.409，P<0.001；χ²=42.831，P<0.001）. The proportions of employees in private institutions who received pre-job and on-the-job training were higher than those in public institutions（χ²=18.526，P<0.01；χ²=24.227，P<0.001）.

The problem of childcare workers in Sichuan Province includes insufficient job fit, lack of systematic training, and limited career development,and et al. It is suggested to make targeted strategies in order to strengthen the construction of talent team of childcare workers and promote the healthy and sustainable development of childcare industry.