To explore the causal relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and atherosclerosis which is not clear through Mendelian randomization.

Genome-wide associations of different subtypes of obstructive sleep apnea and atherosclerosis were selected from the data published on the IEU Open GWAS (https://gwas.mrcieu.ac.uk/) website. Inverse variance weighting method (IVW), MR-Egger regression, simple model, weighted model and weighted median method were used to determine the causal correlation between them. A variety of sensitivity analysis and calculating F values were used to verify the accuracy of the results.

Five single nucleotide polymorphisms (Single nucleotide polymorphism, SNP) strongly associated with obstructive sleep apnea were included in the study, and the F values were all greater than 10. The results of IVW method showed that coronary atherosclerosis (OR:1.321,95%CI:1.150-1.518,P=8.3×10^-5) had significant statistical significance, while cerebral atherosclerosis(OR:0.331,95%CI:0.071-1.536,P=0.158) and peripheral atherosclerosis (OR:1.204,95%CI:0.962-1.508,P=0.106) had no statistical significance. The results of heterogeneity test, horizontal multiplicity analysis, sensitivity analysis and MR-PRESSO analysis made the causal relationship of Mendelian randomized analysis more reliable.

There is a causal correlation between obstructive sleep apnea and coronary atherosclerosis, and there is a positive correlation between obstructive sleep apnea and coronary atherosclerosis; there is no causal relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and cerebral atherosclerosis and peripheral atherosclerosis; reverse MR analysis found no causal correlation between selected atherosclerosis and obstructive sleep apnea.

To analyze the interaction between Body Mass Index (BMI) and sex on sleep quality of rural older adults in Chengdu, and to explore the differences in their sleep quality under different BMI and sex stratifications.

Based on the data of a cluster randomized controlled trial for rural older adults in Chengdu, 508 people aged 60 and above were involved. Questionnaires were administered using instruments such as the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to collect information on sleep quality and demographics. Information of height and weight was obtained by physical measurements. Linear mixed models were used to analyze the interaction between BMI and sex on sleep quality, and stratified analyses were performed.

There was a significant interaction between BMI and sex on sleep quality (P<0.001). When stratified by sex, PSQI scores in the overweight and obese populations were significantly higher than the normal/underweight populationonly among the males. (difference=0.46, P=0.031; difference=1.53, P<0.001). When stratified by BMI, females had significantly higher PSQI scores than males in normal/underweight and overweight stratifications (difference=1.85, P<0.001; difference=2.17, P<0.001).

There is a significant interaction effect of BMI and sex on sleep quality among rural older adults. Comparing to males, females have poorer sleep quality in normal/underweight and overweight stratifications. Males have poorer sleep quality with higher BMI levels. Our study suggests that future sleep interventions and policy programs should be tailored according to different sex and BMI.

To investigate the intrinsic relationships among family functioning, life events and insomnia in adolescents with depression.

A survey was conducted on 165 adolescents diagnosed with depression who were receiving treatment at a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou. The study utilized a general information questionnaire, Family APGAR Index, Insomnia Severity Index, and Adolescent Life Events Scale. Descriptive and correlation analyses were performed using SPSS, and mediation effects were tested using the Process plugin.

The insomnia rate among adolescent depression patients was 77.58%. There was a significant positive correlation between insomnia and the total score of life events and its dimension factors (P<0.01), while insomnia showed a significant negative correlation with the total score of family functioning and its dimension factors (P<0.01). The results of the Bootstrap test indicate that family care, growth factors and cooperation play a partial mediating role between life events and insomnia in adolescent depression patients (β=0.019, 95% CI: 0.003-0.036; β= 0.013, 95% CI: 0.01-0.026; β= 0.011, 95% CI: 0.000-0.024), accounting for 15.45%, 10.57% and 8.94% of the total effect, respectively.

Adolescents with depression experience moderate to high levels of insomnia. Life events in adolescents with depression can directly affect insomnia, or indirectly influence it through family care.

To investigate the effect of tea intake on cognitive function in the elderly and the mediating role of relationship of impaired activities of daily living (ADLs) and depressive states.

The data for this study came from the 2018 China Longitudinal Health and Longevity Survey (CLHLS), which included a total of 8,818 valid samples. The logistic regression was used to analyze the effects of frequency and type of tea drinking on cognitive function in the elderly, and the possible mechanism of this effect was further explored using a chain multiple mediation model.

The elderly who regularly consumed tea were less likely to develop cognitive impairment (OR=0.80, 95% CI: 0.68-0.95), in which only green tea consumption was observed to be a protective factor for the development of cognitive impairment (OR=0.81, 95%CI: 0.65-1.00), and no significant evidence was found for other types of tea. Impaired activities of daily living and depressive state mediated the effect of regular tea consumption on cognitive functioning, with beta values and 95%CIs of -0.005 (-0.008--0.001) and -0.005(-0.007--0.003), while the continuous mediating effects of the two mediating variables, although significant, had β-values that were too small and effects that accounted for too little to be of practical significance.

Regular tea consumption is associated with a reduced risk of developing cognitive impairment in the elderly, especially among those who consume green tea. Impairment in activities of daily living and depression levels almost exclusively mediated the association between tea consumption and cognitive function.

To study the risk factors for health-related quality of life (HRQoL) changes in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) under different multimorbidity patterns.

AECOPD patients in five hospitals in Shanxi Province were selected from September 2021 to September 2023, and 214 patients were finally included. The minimal clinically important differences(MCID) of St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) was combined to assess the HRQoL of the patients. This study started from multimorbidity (refer to ICD-10), multimorbidity patterns stratification was performed based on latent class analysis (LCA), and then ordered logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors affecting the change of SGRQ score at 3 months after discharge of patients with different multimorbidity patterns.

Patients were divided into “cardiovascular disease group” and “cor pulmonale low burden group” through potential category analysis. Ordered logistic regression results showed that at 3 months after discharge, the probability of clinically significant increased in SGRQ in patients with high BMI (OR=2.96, 95%CI: 1.09-8.34, P=0.035) and patients with high direct bilirubin (OR=2.96, 95%CI: 1.07-8.35, P=0.037) in the cardiovascular disease group were 2.96 times higher than that of normal patients; the probability of clinically significant increased in SGRQ in patients with high direct bilirubin (OR=3.25, 95% CI:1.35-7.97, P=0.009) and patients with low oxygen saturation (OR=2.35, 95%CI:1.05-5.55, P=0.043) in the cor pulmonale low burden group were 3.25 and 2.35 times higher than those of normal patients (P<0.05).

The prognostic risk factors of AECOPD patients with different multimorbidity patterns are different, and regardless of the multimorbidity patterns, high direct bilirubin is an independent risk factor for HRQoL changes in patients with AECOPD. Moreover clinicians should closely detect in the the abnormal changes in BMI in AECOPD patients with cardiovascular disease.

To comprehensively understand the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and its potential risk elements in middle-aged and elderly people in Tibet, and to provide a scientific and reliable reference for the development and implementation of precise prevention and control strategies for MS in Tibet.

Between June 2021 and December 2022, 6 286 middle-aged and elderly people were strictly screened in Tibet by multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling. The data were organized and analyzed by using SPSS27.0 software, and the differences in MS prevalence among different groups were compared by using the chi-square test and the trend chi-square test, and further analyses of the factors affecting the prevalence of MS were conducted using logistics regression.

Among 6 286 middle-aged and elderly participants, a total of 1 409 patients were screened, with an overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome of 22.41%, the older the age, the higher the prevalence of MS (χ² = 49.694, P < 0.001); the prevalence of MS in men was 27.8%, higher than that in women, which was 18.21%, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001). Multifactorial unconditional logistic regression analysis revealed that the main risk factors for the prevalence of MS were advanced age (OR=2.053, 95% CI: 1.545-2.728) for those aged 70 years and above, a family history of hypertension (OR=2.691, 95% CI: 2.293-3.158), a family history of diabetes (OR=4.480, 95% CI: 2.066-9.716) and a body mass index (BMI)≥24.0 kg/m² (OR=14.148, 95%CI: 11.778-16.995), however, female (OR=0.508, 95%CI: 0.443-0.584) and alcohol consumption (OR=0.628, 95%CI: 0.487-0.812) were protective factors for the development of MS. In addition, among the various combinations of abnormal components of MS, the aggregation pattern of “abnormal glucose + abnormal blood pressure +central obesity” was the most prevalent, involving a total of 340 cases, with a prevalence rate of 5.41%.

The prevalence of MS in middle-aged and elderly people in Tibet is at a high level, in which males, elderly people, people with a family history of hypertension or diabetes, and overweight or obese people should be regarded as the priority targets for MS prevention and control. This study provides a basic reference for the prevention and control of MS in Tibet, so that precise prevention and control measures can be taken according to the high-risk groups.

To explore the effects and mechanisms between chronic pain and depression in middle-aged and older adults in China, and to provide reference for promoting pain management and improving interventions.

13,253 middle-aged and older adults from the fifth issue of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were included. Propensity score matching method, logit model, OLS regression and Bootstrap mediation test were used to explain the mediating effects of subjective life expectancy (SLE), sleep duration and Internet use between chronic pain and depression and the moderating role of social participation.

The overall effect size of chronic pain on depression was 0.876 (95%CI=0.781-0.972), with a direct effect of 0.745 (95%CI=0.668-0.822), accounting for 85.05%, and an indirect effect of 0.131 (95%CI=0.094-0.169), accounting for 14.95%. The mediating effects of SLE, sleep duration, and Internet use were 0.087 (95%CI=0.071-0.103), 0.093 (95%CI=0.066-0.121), and -0.049 (95%CI=-0.085--0.013), representing 9.93%, 10.62%, and -5.60% of the total effect respectively. Social participation negatively moderated the relationship between chronic pain and depression（β=-0.095，95%CI=-0.186--0.004）.

Chronic pain not only directly exacerbates depression in middle-aged and older adults but also indirectly worsens depression through SLE and sleep duration. However, Internet use and social participation can have compensatory and alleviating effects. It is recommended that physical and psychological therapies be emphasized and applied simultaneously, with special attention given to key populations such as women, rural dwellers, and chronic patients. Additionally, “Internet plus healthcare” and grassroots communities should be utilized to enhance pain management and intervention for middle-aged and older adults.

Toconstruct a Genetic Algorithm optimized Support Vector Machine (GA-SVM) model based on multi-source data predicting acute respiratory infectious diseases and toevaluate its predictive effectiveness, providing a reference for establishing an early warning system for respiratory infectious diseases.

Symptom surveillance cases, meteorological and atmospheric pollution, data and stringency index obtained from 2020 to 2022 were used as modeling and forecasting samples, respectively. By picking up the optimum lagging week number of the potential predictive variables and filter out the most important variables successively, the independent variables were obtained. Then the full time series data were divided into validation set and training set in a 1:4 ratio. The parameters were optimized by genetic algorithm. We used the weekly number of new cases of respiratory infectious diseases as the dependent variable to structure the GA-SVM model. The performance was evaluated based on the following metrics: root mean square error (RMSE), meansabsolute percentage error (MAPE), predictive correlation coefficient (PCC) and R-squared (R²).

The most important variables were stringency index with 2-weeks-lag, symptom surveillance cases with 1-week-lag, maximum temperature with 1-week-lag, school activities with 2-weeks-lag and O₃ index with 1-week-lag. The GA-SVM model performed best when C=18.04, γ=0.175 4 while average RMSE=6.362, average MAPE=24.59%, average PCC=0.896 and average R²=0.804.

The model showsgood predictive performance for the reported cases of acute respiratory infectious diseases in Xuhui District, which confirms the feasibility of applying GA-SVM to multi-source data based on symptom monitoring for predicting respiratory infectious diseases, providing methodological references for the application of multi-source data in the early warning of infectious diseases.

To analyze the trends and characteristics of the number of patients, prevalence, incidence, disability-adjusted life years (DALY), and years lived with disability (YLD) of depressive disorders among the Chinese population from 1990 to 2021, with the hope of providing a theoretical basis for early prevention, intervention, and clinical decision-making regarding depressive disorders.

Depressive disorders data from the GBD 2021 database (Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 Data Resources) were extracted to analyze the number of patients, incidence, prevalence, DALY and YLD in the Chinese population. The software STATA 14.0 and Joinpoint Regression Program 4.8.0.1 were utilized to analyze the incidence, prevalence, DALY, and YLD of depressive disorders across different genders and age groups. Furthermore, the average annual percent change (AAPC) in depressive disorders was calculated.

In 2021, there were 42.3602 million new cases of depressive disorders in China, an increase of 38.9% from 30.4910 million in 1990. The number of patients was 53.1147 million, an increase of 54.0% from 34.4794 million in 1990. Both the standardized incidence and prevalence showed a slow downward trend (the AAPC was -0.57% and -0.44%, respectively, P<0.001). The incidence of depressive disorders in people aged 10 to 24 showed a sudden increase in different years, and the incidence of depressive disorders in people over 65 also showed an accelerating upward trend. The DALY in 1990 and 2021 were 5.4267 million and 7.8659 million person-years, respectively, with a cumulative increase of 44.9%. The DALY rate increased from 461.27 /100 000 to 552.87 /100 000, with an increase of 19.8%. The standardized DALY and YLD rates decreased slowly with each year (the AAPC was -0.53% and -0.53%, respectively, P<0.001).

Depressive disorder is still one of the main causes of global disease burden and a major public health issue facing our country. There is an urgent need to actively explore and implement effective prevention and treatment strategies to reduce the disease burden of depressive disorders.

To explore the current status of coupled coordination of medical resource supply and service utilization in township health hospitals in Sichuan Province, and to provide reference for optimizing medical resource allocation.

The data concerning the allocation of health resources and the utilization of services in township health centers of various cities (prefectures) in Sichuan Province from 2017 to 2021 were selected. The comprehensive evaluation index was utilized to comprehensively assess the allocation of health resources and service utilization, and the coupling coordination degree model was employed to analyze the relationship between the two systems.

The comprehensive evaluation index of medical resource supply and service utilization in township health centers in Sichuan Province improved from 0.27 and 0.45 in 2017 to 0.30 and 0.52 in 2021, respectively, and more than 90% of the areas were subject to lagging medical resource supply; the type of coupling coordination ranged from reluctant coupling coordination to primary coupling coordination; reluctant coordination was the main type; and the LISA chart showed Aba as the "high - high" aggregation point, Luzhouwas low - low aggregation point.

The level of resource supply and service utilization and coupled coordinated development of township health centers in Sichuan Province has been increasing, and the level of health resource supply and service utilization has not been synergistically developed, and most of them are subject to the lagging supply of health resources, and there is a localized aggregation effect of the degree of coupled coordination in space.