To assess energy and amino acid metabolic features in overweight and obese adults compared with normal-weight controls, and to examine their associations to better understand the metabolic mechanisms of obesity.

A total of 61 healthy adults were recruited in Chengdu, China, and categorized into normal weight (18.5-23.9 kg/m²), overweight (24.0-27.9 kg/m²), and obese (≥28.0 kg/m²) groups according to body mass index (BMI). Basal energy expenditure (BEE) and resting energy expenditure after cold exposure (REE) were measured using indirect calorimetry, and cold-induced thermogenesis (CIT) and basal metabolic rate (BMR) were calculated. Plasma amino acid levels were determined using non-targeted metabolomics. Group differences and correlations were assessed by analysis of variance and Spearman rank correlation, respectively.

BMR and CIT were lower in the overweight and obese groups, and both CIT and BMR were negatively correlated with BMI (r=-0.452, P<0.001; r=-0.421, P=0.001). Non-targeted metabolomics revealed no significant between-group differences in amino acid levels. Correlation analysis showed that CIT was positively correlated with arginine (r=0.431, P=0.017) and negatively correlated with Leu-Leu and nicotinuric acid (r=-0.319, P=0.033; r=-0.414, P=0.023). BMR was positively correlated with L-glutathione, reduced (r=0.377, P=0.040).

Obese individuals exhibit reduced BMR and CIT, and specific plasma amino acids are closely related to energy metabolism indicators, suggesting that amino acid metabolism may be involved in obesity-related energy metabolic dysregulation.

To examine the association between trajectories of body roundness index (BRI) and impaired activities of daily living (ADL) among older adults in China.

Data were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). BRI was measured in 2011, 2013, and 2015, and latent class growth mixture modeling was used to identify longitudinal BRI trajectories. ADL impairment was assessed based on the 2017 (Wave 4) survey. Multivariable logistic regression models were employed to evaluate the associations between BRI trajectories and impairments in basic (BADL) and instrumental (IADL) activities of daily living. Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore potential effect modifications by sex, age, and chronic disease status.

A total of 3 157 individuals aged 60 years and above were included. Two distinct BRI trajectories were identified: low-stable group (87.6%) and high-stable group (12.4%). After adjusting for potential confounders, the high-stable group was significantly associated with BADL impairment (OR=1.82, 95% CI: 1.11-2.96), while the association with IADL impairment was positive but not statistically significant (OR=1.21, 95% CI: 0.89-1.66). No significant interactions were found in subgroup analyses.

A persistently high BRI trajectory is significantly associated with an increased risk of BADL impairment in older adults. Longitudinal BRI trajectories may serve as predictive indicators for functional decline, offering new insights for the early identification and intervention of functional impairment in aging populations.

To explore the relationship between physical activity, outdoor activities, and symptoms of anxiety and depression among male and female college students, and provide recommendations for scientific prevention and control.

A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 5 152 college students from grades 1-3 across 20 universities in Chengdu. The questionnaire was based on the National Survey on Common Diseases and Health Influential Factors among Students. Chi-square or linear trend chi-square tests were used to compare categorical data, and binary logistic regression was employed to analyze associations.

Among males, the proportions of those who engaged in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) at least 60 minutes daily for 0 days, 1-2 days, and ≥3 days in the past week were 19.39%, 30.88%, and 49.73%, respectively. Among females, the corresponding proportions were 40.39%, 39.53%, and 20.07%. Regarding daily outdoor activity duration, 18.67% of males spent <1 hour/day, 36.42% spent 1-2 hours/day, and 44.91% spent ≥2 hours/day; among females, these proportions were 25.96%, 33.75%, and 40.29%, respectively. Differences in the detection rates of anxiety, depression, and comorbidity were observed among male and female students with varying levels of physical activity and outdoor activity. Moreover, as the frequency or duration of activity increased, the detection rates showed a decreasing trend. Multivariate analysis showed that, compared to male students who engaged MVPA for 0 days in the past week, those who completed 1-2 days/week or ≥3 days/week of MVPA had a lower risk of anxiety (1-2 days/week: aOR=0.75, 95% CI:0.58-0.98; ≥3 days/week: aOR=0.60, 95% CI:0.47-0.78) and depression (1-2 days/week: aOR=0.67, 95% CI:0.48-0.93; ≥3 days/week: aOR=0.54, 95% CI:0.39-0.75). Compared to female students with less than 1 hour/day of outdoor activity, those with 1-2 hours/day or ≥2 hours/day of outdoor activity had a lower risk of anxiety (1-<2 hours/day: aOR=0.77, 95% CI:0.62-0.95; ≥2 hours/day: aOR=0.81, 95% CI:0.66-0.99) and depression (1-<2 hours/day: aOR=0.58, 95% CI:0.44-0.77; ≥2 hours/day: aOR=0.55, 95% CI:0.42-0.72).

Emotional regulation in male students may be more closely matched with the mechanism of MVPA, while emotional regulation in female students may align better with outdoor activities. It is advisable to provide gender-specific intervention scenarios to improve mental health.

To describe the trends in influenza vaccination coverage among children under five years old in Zhangjiagang from 2021 to 2024, and to explore the key determinants of parental vaccine acceptance using the Behavioural and Social Drivers (BeSD) framework, in order to provide scientific evidence for optimizing immunization strategies.

Data were obtained by integrating influenza vaccination records from the Jiangsu Provincial Immunization Information System and population statistics from the Zhangjiagang Statistical Yearbook. A BeSD-based questionnaire survey was conducted to assess the impact of parental cognitive attitudes, social support, and service accessibility. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were used to examine the associations between these factors and children’s influenza vaccination behavior.

Coverage increased from 8.12% in 2021 to 12.32% in 2024, remaining low. A total of 900 questionnaires were distributed, and 796 valid responses were included in the analysis. Multivariable analysis showed that older age (36-<60 months, OR=2.72), prior non-EPI vaccination (OR=2.17), school-based information (OR=1.90), vaccination intention (OR=7.21), healthcare provider recommendation (OR=2.81), and prior parental vaccination experience (OR=16.37) significantly promoted uptake. Living in non-urban areas (OR=0.60) and grandparent caregivers (OR=0.60) were barriers.

Vaccination coverage remains suboptimal. It is recommended to strengthen the health education capacity of medical staff and optimize the convenience of vaccination procedures. Targeted interventions should be implemented for families with young children and those with grandparent caregivers in order to enhance overall vaccination coverage.

To analyze the prevalence and its influencing factors among adult residents in Guangxi in 2023, so as to provide scientific basis for accurate prevention and control of diabetes mellitus in Guangxi.

A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select residents aged 18 years and older in Guangxi. Participants completed questionnaires, physical examinations, and laboratory tests. Data were analyzed using R 4.5.1 software, including χ² tests and multivariable logistic regression.

Among the 6 187 subjects, 1 117 were identified as diabetic patients, with a standardized prevalence of diabetes 13.8 %. Multivariate analysis revealed that age (compared with 18-44 years old, 45-59 years old: OR=2.249, 95 % CI: 1.290-3.919; age 60 and above: OR = 3.428, 95 % CI: 1.894-6.205), retirees (compared with agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery and water conservancy production personnel, OR=1.847, 95 % CI: 1.151-2.962), overweight and obesity (compared with normal weight, overweight: OR=2.067, 95 % CI: 1.496-2.856; obesity: OR=2.326, 95 % CI: 1.506-3.595), and hypertension (compared with non-hypertensive individuals, OR=2.110, 95 % CI: 1.546-2.880) were significant risk factors for diabetes.

In 2023, the prevalence of diabetes in Guangxi showed a rapid rising trend. It is necessary to implement targeted prevention and control for key populations such as middle-aged and elderly people, overweight or obese people and individuals with hypertension.

To analyze the disease burden of alcoholic liver cirrhosis in China and globally from 1990 to 2021, and to predict the trend of burden changes from 2022 to 2050, providing a reference for the prevention and control of alcoholic liver cirrhosis in China.

Data on the prevalence, mortality, and disability adjusted life years (DALYs) rates of alcoholic liver cirrhosis in different gender and age groups in China and globally from 1990 to 2021, along with their 95% uncertainty intervals (95%UI), were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database. Joinpoint 5.0.1 software was used to calculate the temporal trends of the disease burden of alcoholic liver cirrhosis in China and globally. The nested Bayesian meta-regression model was employed to predict the burden of alcoholic liver cirrhosis.

The age-standardized prevalence (average annual percent change [AAPC]=-0.93% and -0.46% respectively), age-standardized mortality (AAPC=-2.17% and -0.89% respectively), and age-standardized DALYs rate (AAPC=-2.26% and -0.86% respectively) of alcoholic liver cirrhosis in China and globally showed a downward trend from 1990 to 2021. The burden of alcoholic liver cirrhosis in males was more severe than that in females in both China and globally, and the burden in people aged 50 years and above was more severe than that in those aged 15-49 years. It is predicted that by 2050, the age-standardized mortality rate in China will be 0.68 per 100 000, and the age-standardized DALYs rate will be 20.60 per 100 000; globally, the age-standardized mortality rate will be 4.36 per 100 000, and the age-standardized DALYs rate will be 134.70 per 100 000.

The disease burden of alcoholic liver cirrhosis in China is lower than the global level, with significant gender and age differences. It is recommended to strengthen attention to high-risk groups, allocate more resources to prevention and early detection, promote health education, and encourage residents to adopt healthy lifestyles.

To investigate the blood pressure levels, cognitive function, and gut microbiota characteristics of middle-aged spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).

SHR and its control rats WKY aged 13 weeks were purchased and randomly divided into 4 groups, namely SHR male group (n=6), SHR female group (n=8), WKY male group (n=6) and WKY female group (n=8). After 26 weeks of feeding, the blood pressure level of the rats was measured by tail pressure method, and the autonomous activity ability of the rats was observed by open field experiment. The Morris water maze experiment was used to observe the learning and cognitive function of rats. After the experiment, the stool of rats was collected, and the intestinal flora characteristics of rats were analyzed by 16SrRNA sequencing.

The systolic blood pressure of male and female rats in SHR group was significantly higher than that in WKY group (all P<0.01). The results of open field test showed that the average speed of SHR female rats was higher than that of WKY male rats (P<0.001), while the residence time in the surrounding area of WKY female rats was higher than that of WKY male rats (P<0.05). The results of water maze test showed that the latency time of SHR during training decreased more than that of WKY, and the latency time of WKY female rats during testing was higher than that of SHR male and female rats (P<0.01; P<0.001). Beta diversity analysis showed that there were significant differences in the structure of intestinal flora among the four groups of rats (R=0.627 5, P=0.001), and the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Turicibacter was increased in SHR males, while that of Bacteroidota and norank_f_Muribaculaceae was increased in WKY males (all P<0.05). Correlation analysis revealed significant associations between the relative abundance of certain gut microbiota and blood pressure as well as behavioral indicators in SHR and WKY rats of different genders.

There are significant gender differences in blood pressure levels, cognitive function, and gut microbiota characteristics among middle-aged SHR rats. The elevated blood pressure and hyperactivity characteristics are more pronounced in female rats, while the abnormal gut microbiota composition is more prominent in male rats. This suggests that gender differences should be considered in studies related to hypertension and gut microbiota.

Toexplore the factors influencing the persistence and progression of low-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN1), and to construct and validate a Nomogram prediction model therefor.

A total of 564 patients with histopathologically confirmed CIN1 were enrolled from a community-based cohort of married women in Jiexiu City, Shanxi Province, between June and December 2022. All patients underwent pathological re-examination at 12 months, and their CIN1 lesions showed three outcomes: regression, persistence or progression. The study population was divided into a training set and a validation set at a ratio of 7:3. Lasso regression was used to screen predictor variables associated with the risk of CIN1 persistence and progression, and a Nomogram model was constructed using multivariate Logistic regression analysis.The model was evaluated using the concordance index(C-index), Hosmer-Lemeshow (H-L) test, calibration curves, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.

After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 479 participants were enrolled in this study, with 335 assigned to the training set and 144 to the validation set. Lasso-Logistic regression identified serum folate level, HR-HPV infection, genital cleaning frequency, underwear change frequency, and gynecological history as variables associated with CIN1 persistence and progression. The internally validated C-index of the constructed Nomogram was 0.767, indicating good predictive performance.The H-L test showed a good fit of the model (χ²=1.447, P=0.485). The calibration curves of both the training and validation sets were close to the ideal diagonal, indicating good calibration. The areas under the ROC curves for the training and validation sets were 0.784 (95% CI:0.734-0.835) and 0.815 (95% CI:0.736-0.895), respectively, demonstrating good discriminative ability.

Serum folate level, HR-HPV infection, genital cleaning frequency, underwear change frequency, and gynecological history are significant predictive variables for persistence and progression of CIN1.The constructed Nomogram can intuitively predict the incidence of CIN1 persistent or progression in patients, providing a theoretical reference for the prevention, treatment, and individualized management of early cervical lesions.

To evaluate the predictive value of various TyG-obesity indices (TyG-BMI, TyG-WHR, TyG-LAP, TyG-BRI, TyG-CVAI, TyG-BAI) for hyperuricemia in community residents.

Using data from the 2020 cross-sectional survey of the Southwest China Natural Population Cohort, 960 participants were included. A base model was constructed using the random forest algorithm. The predictive performance of models incorporating different TyG-obesity indices was evaluated using the area under the ROC curve, accuracy, precision, recall, and the F1-score.

Among the TyG-obesity indices, the models incorporating TyG-LAP and TyG-CVAI showed the best predictive performance, both with an AUC of 0.716. The TyG-LAP model had slightly higher accuracy and F1-score(0.667 and 0.543), while the TyG-CVAI model achieved the highest recall (0.807). Feature importance analysis indicated that TyG-obesity indices were the important predictors in models incorporating demographic characteristics and behavioral and lifestyle factors.

TyG-obesity indices, particularly TyG-LAP and TyG-CVAI, demonstrate strong predictive ability for hyperuricemia in community residents and may serve as useful tools for community screening and identification of high-risk groups.

To estimate the healthy life expectancy (HLE) of residents in Hainan Province based on multiple criteria, and to evaluate the health status of the population in Hainan Province.

The monitoring data of death causes of residents in Hainan Province, underreporting survey data on causes of death of residents in Hainan Province, and the data of healthy life expectancy in Hainan Province (HLE_GBD) in the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) were collected. The health questionnaire of residents in Hainan Province was compiled by combining Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL), Global Activity Limitation Indicator (GALI), EuroQol Five Dimensions Questionnaire (EQ-5D) and EuroQol Five Dimensions Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-5DVAS) scales. The disability measurement under each criterion was calculated, and the HLE_ADL, HLE_IADL, HLE_GALI, HLE_EQ-5D and HLE_EQ-5DVAS of Hainan residents were estimated using the Sullivan method.

The life expectancy of Hainan residents in 2021 was 79.50 years. The HLE at birth based on ADL, IADL, GALI, EQ-5D, EQ-5DVAS and GBD standards were 75.42, 73.18,71.22, 76.71, 67.73 and 68.26 years, respectively. The HLE of each age group was EQ-5D > ADL > IADL > GALI > GBD > EQ-5DVAS. With the increase of age, healthy life loss and its proportion under different health standards showed a stepwise upward trend. Among them, the proportion of healthy life loss under GBD and IADL standards was the highest, while EQ-5D standard was the lowest.

HLE estimates based on six health standards show notable variation among Hainan Province residents, with EQ-5D and ADL yielding relatively higher HLE values. These findings highlight the need for strengthened methodological validation and cross-standard consistency assessments to establish a more scientific and comparable HLE estimation framework. Incorporating multidimensional health indicators into routine surveillance, while enhancing functional health maintenance, chronic disease management, and elder care capacity, may help improve the overall health status of Hainan’s population.