To study the association between the food environment and the risk of diabetes among residents and the mediating role of dietary intake.

Based on the data from the surveillance and investigation of chronic diseases and risk factors in Hubei Province from 2018 to 2020, buffers with different radii were constructed centered on the residential areas of the study subjects, and the densities of fast-food restaurants, dessert shops, supermarkets, vegetable markets, and convenience stores in each buffer were calculated to measure the food environment. A multilevel logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between the food environment and the risk of diabetes among residents, as well as the mediating effect of different types of food intake.

A total of 24 467 adults were included in this study, and the prevalence of diabetes was 12.1%. Regression analysis showed that the density of vegetable markets was positively correlated with the risk of diabetes (OR=1.018, 95%CI: 1.004-1.031). The results of the mediating analysis showed that the density of vegetable markets could reduce the risk of diabetes by increasing fruit intake, and the proportion of the mediating effect was 1.32%. Sub-group analysis showed that in the population under 60 years old, the density of supermarkets was negatively correlated with the risk of diabetes (OR=0.962, 95%CI: 0.937-0.988).

The density of vegetable markets is positively correlated with the risk of diabetes among residents, but a higher density of vegetable markets can reduce the risk of diabetes by increasing fruit intake. Optimizing the layout of the food environment and improving the availability of healthy foods can help reduce the risk of diabetes among residents.

To investigate the effects of nickel cobalt manganese lithium (NCM) on the metabolic pathways of human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B).

The MTS assay was employed to assess the impact of NCM on the viability of BEAS-2B cells, determining exposure concentrations of 0, 50, 100, and 200 μg/ml. Cell samples were collected after 48 hours of exposure. Intracellular metabolites were analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS), and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was utilized to investigate changes in the metabolic profile. Differential metabolites were selected based on a variable importance in projection (VIP) value >1, followed by pathway enrichment analysis. Transmission electron microscopy and JC-1 fluorescence probes were used to assess the effects of NCM on cellular ultrastructure and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP).

Compared to the control group, exposure to different concentrations of NCM resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the viability of BEAS-2B cells. A total of 788 substances were detected in the metabolomic samples; 281, 284, and 274 differential metabolites were identified at exposure concentrations of 50, 100, and 200 μg/ml, respectively. Among these, 82 differential metabolites were common across all exposure groups, with the highest proportion being lipid metabolites. The differential metabolites were significantly enriched in metabolic pathways such as coenzyme Q biosynthesis, riboflavin metabolism, and very long-chain fatty acid oxidation. NCM exposure led to mitochondrial swelling, reduced cristae, and fragmentation in BEAS-2B cells, significantly decreasing MMP levels.

NCM exposure has a pronounced impact on the metabolic profile of BEAS-2B cells and induces mitochondrial damage, with the toxicological pathways primarily involving coenzyme Q biosynthesis.

To analyze the current situation of sleep quality and its relationship with diabetes among elderly Bai people in rural areas of Dali, Yunnan.

A multi - stage stratified random sampling method was used to select 1 418 rural Bai elderly people aged ≥60 years in Dali city, Yunnan Province for questionnaire surveys and physical examinations. Binary multi-factor Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between sleep quality and the prevalence of diabetes.

The sleep disorder rate in the surveyed population was 48.4%, with 41.1% in men and 54.9% in women. The sleep disorder rate in women was higher than that in men (χ²=26.818, P < 0.001).The prevalence of diabetes was 15.9%, with 15.2% in men and 16.6% in women. The sleep disorder rate increased with age (χ²_trend =4.607,P < 0.05). The results of multi-factor Logistic regression showed that the elderly with sleep disorders were more likely to suffer from diabetes than those without sleep disorders (OR=1.425, 95%CI: 1.059-1.916).

Sleep disorder is an important risk factor for diabetes in the elderly. Strengthening sleep management for the elderly is helpful for the prevention of diabetes.

To explore how the subjective life expectancy of patients with chronic diseases affects their medical expenditure and provide a policy intervention perspective for improving the quality of life of patients with chronic diseases.

The data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were used. A total of 9 949 samples with any chronic disease at three time points in 2015 (T1), 2018 (T2), and 2020 (T3) were selected. Information such as subjective life expectancy, annual medical expenditure, frequency of outpatient and inpatient visits from modules including health status, medical service utilization records, family economy, and individual basic information was used. A cross-lagged model was applied to test the interaction between subjective life expectancy and medical expenditure and explore the mediating effect of medical resource utilization.

The results of the standardized cross-lagged analysis showed that the subjective life expectancy T1 of patients with chronic diseases significantly negatively predicted the medical expenditure T2 (β=-0.043, P < 0.01), and the medical expenditure T2 significantly negatively predicted the subjective life expectancy T3 (β=-0.043, P < 0.01); the medical expenditure T1 of patients with chronic diseases significantly negatively predicted the subjective life expectancy T2 (β=-0.034, P < 0.05), and the subjective life expectancy T2 significantly negatively predicted the medical expenditure T3 (β=-0.043, P < 0.01). Medical resource utilization had a mediating effect in this process (β=-0.02, P < 0.05).

There is a complex interaction mechanism between the subjective life expectancy and medical expenditure of patients with chronic diseases. There may be a vicious cycle in which health anxiety leads to the deterioration of the condition and an increase in medical expenditure, which further aggravates anxiety, as well as the phenomenon of excessive medical treatment due to pessimistic health expectations. This indicates the value of formulating differentiated psychological intervention policies for different groups to improve the quality of life of patients with chronic diseases.

To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) among middle-aged and elderly residents in the community, and to construct and validate a Nomogram prediction model to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention of COPD onset and deterioration.

This cross-sectional study involved 3 250 middle-aged and elderly community residents in Chengdu Eastern New District. Basic information and risk factors for COPD were collected through pulmonary function tests, physical examinations, and questionnaires. The study population was divided into training and validation sets. Elastic net analysis was performed in the training set to select coefficients, and LASSO regression and random forest models were utilized to analyze the influencing factors of COPD and severe COPD, leading to the establishment of a Nomogram prediction model.

The detection rates of COPD and severe COPD among community residents in Chengdu were 26% and 5.38%, respectively. LASSO regression indicated that age, male, being unmarried, low income, childhood pneumonia hospitalization, childhood cough, and parental respiratory disease history were common risk factors for COPD and severe COPD. Unique risk factors for COPD included low BMI, occupation, dust exposure, allergy history, workplace smoking, family smoking, and personal smoking.Unique risk factors for severe COPD included low educational level, waist-to-hip ratio, and maternal smoking during pregnancy. A Nomogram risk prediction model for COPD and severe COPD was established based on these indicators, with AUC values of 69.34%(95%CI: 66.90%-71.79%) and 76.81% (95%CI: 72.71%-80.90%), respectively, demonstrating good predictive performance. Internal validation through 1 000 bootstrap resampling showed that the calibration curves of the Nomogram model closely matched the actual occurrence of COPD and severe COPD, indicating a good fit.

Gender, age, educational level, marital status, family income, waist-to-hip ratio, childhood pneumonia hospitalization history, childhood cough, maternal smoking, paternal respiratory disease history, and maternal respiratory disease history are independent risk factors for COPD and severe COPD among community residents in Chengdu. The constructed Nomogram prediction model can provide a concise and intuitive personalized risk assessment for COPD and severe COPD for community residents and high-risk populations.

To analyze the changes in the burden of Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALY) due to esophageal cancer in China from 1990 to 2021 and to predict the DALY trends over the next 20 years, providing scientific basis for policy-making and public health interventions.

The analysis of DALY changes due to esophageal cancer in China from 1990 to 2021 was conducted using the Global Burden of Disease Study database. Joint point regression analysis was employed to assess the annual percentage change in the DALY rate for esophageal cancer in China, and comparisons were made with North Korea, Japan, South Korea, and the United States. A decomposition analysis was performed to evaluate the contributions of population aging, population growth, and age-specific factors to the changes in esophageal cancer DALY. The Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort (BAPC) model was used to forecast the changes in esophageal cancer DALY over the next 20 years.

In 2021, the total number of DALYs due to esophageal cancer in China was approximately 6.8 987 million years, with a significantly higher burden in males compared to females;individuals aged 65 and older accounted for 52.71% of the total DALYs. Compared to international data, China exhibited a more pronounced declining trend in esophageal cancer DALYs. From 1990 to 2021, the DALY rate decreased, with population aging and growth being the main driving factors for the increase in DALY burden. The BAPC predictive analysis indicated a slow declining trend in the total standardized DALY rate for esophageal cancer in China over the next 20 years.

Over the past 30 years, the burden of DALYs due to esophageal cancer in the Chinese population has shown a significant declining trend, particularly among males and the elderly. Future efforts should focus on enhancing screening coverage and interventions for high-risk populations.

To investigate the molecular mechanism by which Astragal side IV (ASV) combined with Quercetin (QUE) inhibits silica (SiO₂)-induced macrophage proptosis activation.

An in vitro co-culture system was established using rat alveolar macrophages (NR8383) and rat fibroblasts (RFL-6). The experiment was divided into six groups: control group, drug group, SiO₂ group, SiO₂ + drug group, SiO₂ + Balmacaan (Bel) group, and SiO₂ + drug + Bel group. After 24 hours of intervention, cell and supernatant samples were collected. The levels of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) in the supernatant were measured using ELISA. The protein levels of α-SMA,Vimentin, and E-Cadherin (E-cad) in RFL-6 cells were detected using Western blot. The mRNA and protein expression levels of Caspase-1, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-18 in NR8383 cells were assessed using PCR and Western blot, respectively.

Compared to the control group, the levels of TGF-β1, TNF-α, and HMGB1 in the supernatant of the SiO₂ group were significantly increased (P<0.05), the protein levels of α-SMA and Vimentin in RFL-6 cells were elevated, while E-cad protein levels were reduced. The expression levels of (Cleaved-) Caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 mRNA and protein in NR8383 cells were also significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared to the SiO₂ group, the levels of TGF-β1, TNF-α, and HMGB1 in the supernatants of the SiO₂ + drug group, SiO₂ + Bel group, and SiO₂ + drug + Bel group were significantly decreased (P<0.05). The protein levels of α-SMA and Vimentin in RFL-6 cells were reduced, and E-cad protein levels were elevated. The expression levels of (Cleaved-) Caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 mRNA and protein in NR8383 cells were also significantly decreased (P<0.05).

ASV combined with QUE may reduce the secretion of inflammatory factors by inhibiting the proptosis levels of macrophages exposed to SiO₂ in the co-culture system, thereby suppressing the fibrosis levels in fibroblasts.

To explore the longitudinal mediating role of cognitive function in the relationship between depression and activities of daily living (ADL) among individuals aged 60 and above in China, as well as the moderating effect of sleep quality.

Data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) collected in 2018 (T1) and 2020(T2) were analyzed. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D10), the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and the ADL scale were used for measurement. Descriptive statistics and correlation analyses were conducted using STATA 18.0 and SPSS 26.0, while mediation and moderated mediation models were constructed and analyzed using Model 4 and Model 59 in the Process 4.0 program.

T1 depression significantly negatively predicted T2 ADL (r=-0.247, P <0.01). Both T2 cognitive function and T2 sleep quality significantly positively predicted T2 ADL (r=0.227, P < 0.01; r=0.131,P < 0.01). T2 cognitive function served as a longitudinal mediator between T1 depression and T2 ADL, with a mediation effect value of 0.022 (95%CI: -0.027 to -0.018), accounting for 14.5% of the total effect. T2 sleep quality moderated all paths in the mediation model (β=-0.018, P < 0.05; β=0.040, P < 0.001; β=-0.034, P < 0.001).

Depression reduces the ability of elderly individuals to perform daily activities by affecting cognitive function. Improving sleep quality can enhance the impact of depression on cognitive function, and can mitigate the effects of depression and cognitive function on ADL.

To understand the successful aging rate of middle-aged and elderly people in China， to explore the association between sleep duration and successful aging of middle-aged and elderly people in China，and to provide reference for promoting the health and quality of life of middle-aged and elderly people.

Utilizing data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS)， a longitudinal study was conducted to analyze sleep duration， successful aging scores and successful aging rates among individuals aged 45 and above from 2011 to 2020. Generalized estimating equations were used to examine the associations of naptime sleep duration，nighttime sleep duration and total sleep duration with successful aging scores in middle-aged and older adults.

The successful aging rates were 4.26%，16.82%，11.62%，10.08%，and 16.47% in 2011，2013，2015，2018，and 2020，respectively. Nighttime sleep duration (β₁=0.377，P<0.001; β₂=-0.023，P<0.001) and total sleep duration (β₁=0.345，P<0.001；β₂=-0.020，P<0.001) showed inverted U-shaped associations with successful aging in China’s middle-aged and elderly. Naptime duration and successful aging showed an inverted U-shaped association in the middle-aged population aged 45-59 years (β₁=0.083，P=0.008; β₂=-0.042，P<0.001)， and a linear association in the elderly population aged 60 years and above (β₁=0.074，P=0.011).

Maintaining a moderate length of sleep is conducive to the development of successful aging in China middle-aged and older adults，and either too short or too long a sleep period may have a detrimental effect on middle-aged and older adults.