To explore the nutritional status of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients in Hengshui area and to explore the influencing factors of malnutrition in COPD patients.

A total of 321 COPD patients in our hospital from January 2018 to October 2022 were selected, including 189 males and 132 females, aged 49 to 62 years, with an average age of(55.23 ±3.01) years. Patients were divided into normal nutrition group and malnutrition group. Univariate analysis was used to compare the demographic characteristics, clinical data, and laboratory examinations between the two groups. Logistic regression was used to analyze the possible influencing factors of malnutrition in COPD patients.

Logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR=2.496, 95%CI: 1.204-1.860), annual family income (OR=0.569, 95%CI: 0.386-0.839), COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score (OR=1.917, 95%CI: 1.288-2.854), 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) (OR=0.550, 95%CI: 0.350-0.865), modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale (mMRC) score (OR=1.944, 95%CI: 1.076-3.515), number of acute exacerbations of COPD hospitalization (OR=1.788, 95%CI: 1.053-3.035), and sarcopenia (OR=2.782, 95%CI: 1.542-5.018) were independent influencing factors of malnutrition in patients with COPD in Hengshui area.

In total 47.35% of the 321 COPD patients in Hengshui area had malnutrition, and age, annual family income, CAT score, 6MWT, mMRC score, acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and sarcopenia are the independent influencing factors of malnutrition in COPD patients. It is suggested to formulate feasible and targeted intervention measures according to the above factors in order to reduce the incidence of malnutrition in patients with COPD, reduce the clinical manifestations of sarcopenia, and prolong the survival time.

To investigate the effect of food intake on nutritional status of elderly patients with diabetes in a physical examination center.

In total 626 subjects who underwent physical examination in a physical examination center from November 20, 2021 to September 3, 2022 were divided into diabetic group (n=130) and non-diabetic group (n=496). The general information of the subjects was collected by questionnaire, the height and weight were measured by automatic monitor, and the body mass index (BMI) was calculated. The mini nutritional assessment short-form (MNA-SF) was used to evaluate the nutrition of the subjects. The cumulative illness rating scale for geriatrics (CIRS-G) was used to evaluate the type and grade of concomitant diseases. According to the BMI level of subjects, the subjects in non-diabetic group and diabetic group were divided into obesity group, overweight group, and normal weight group. Dietary retrospective method was used to investigate the nutritional intake of different obese subjects.

The CIRS-G score of the diabetic group was higher than that of the control group (t=19.827, P < 0.05). The malnutrition rate and malnutrition risk rate in the diabetic group were 13.85% and 46.15%, respectively, which were higher than those in the non-diabetic group (6.25% and 42.34%, χ²=10.676, P < 0.05). The proportion of total energy intake excess in the diabetic group was 70.00%, which was higher than that in the non-diabetic group (39.92%,χ²=41.653, P < 0.05). The proportion of obesity in the diabetic group was 23.08%, which was higher than that in the non-diabetic group (13.71%, χ²=9.982, P < 0.05). The average daily total energy intake of obese group and overweight diabetic group was 2 487.43 ± 135.23 kcal and 2 214.28 ±119.59 kcal, respectively, which was higher than that of normal weight group(2 048.56 ± 121.65, F=117.227, P<0.05). There were significant differences in carbohydrate intake, carbohydrate energy supply, protein intake, and protein energy supply among obesity group, overweight group, and normal weight group (P < 0.05).

The malnutrition rate of diabetic patients in this physical examination center is high, and food intake affects the nutritional status of diabetic patients.

To explore the effect of self-esteem on depression of left-behind children in rural areas, and to investigate the mediating effect of social anxiety and loneliness.

A total of 779 rural left-behind children (422 boys and 357 girls) in northern Jiangsu were selected by cluster random sampling. A questionnaire survey was conducted with the use of self-esteem scale, social anxiety scale for children, children’s loneliness scale and center for epidemiologic studies depression scale. The multiple mediating effects were analyzed by structural equation model test.

The self-esteem of left-behind children in rural areas was negatively correlated with social anxiety, loneliness, and depression (r=-0.38, -0.27, and -0.43, P <0.001), while social anxiety was positively correlated with loneliness and depression of left-behind children (r=0.25 and 0.50,P < 0.001). There was a positive correlation between loneliness and depression of left-behind children (r= 0.28, P < 0.001). Multiple mediating effect model analysis showed that social anxiety and loneliness could independently mediate the relationship between self-esteem and depression of left-behind children in rural areas, and the mediating effect values were -0.079(95%CI: -0.131 to -0.017) and -0.165 (95%CI: -0.253 to -0.110), respectively. It also played a chain mediating role through the intermediary chain of “social anxiety-loneliness”, and the mediating effect value was -0.124 (95%CI: -0.177 to -0.092).

The self-esteem of rural left-behind children can significantly reduce the level of social anxiety and loneliness, thus reducing the risk of depression of left-behind children.

To analyze the incidence of gestational hypertension in hospital delivery of obstetrics and gynecology from 2016 to 2022, understand its characteristics and changes, to explore the influencing factors of gestational hypertension, and to construct a predictive model of gestational hypertension, to provide basis for clinical prediction of gestational hypertension.

A total of 101 583 medical records of hospitalized parturient in a hospital of gynecology and obstetrics and children in Sichuan Province from 2016 to 2022 were collected. The χ² test was used for univariate analysis, logistic regression analysis was used to establish the prediction model of influencing factors, and ROC curve was used to evaluate the discrimination of the prediction model.

The incidence of gestational hypertension in hospital delivery of obstetrics and gynecology from 2016 to 2022 was 0.053. The results of logistic regression model showed that older age (OR=1.392, 95%CI: 1.243-1.559), local household registration (OR=0.760, 95%CI: 0.689-0.839), hypothyroidism (OR=1.443, 95%CI: 1.160-1.794), intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) (OR=1.874, 95%CI: 1.570-2.237), and diabetes mellitus (OR=1.367, 95%CI: 1.230-1.519), multipara (OR=0.693, 95%CI: 0.623-0.770), multiple births (OR=2.443, 95%CI: 2.135-2.795), family history of hypertension (OR=3.347,95%CI: 2.666-4.203), and in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) assisted reproduction (OR=1.821, 95%CI: 1.594-2.080) were the influencing factors of gestational hypertension. The area under the ROC curve constructed by the predictive model of gestational hypertension was AUC=0.655 (95%CI: 0.645-0.665).

The risk factors of gestational hypertension are older age, hypothyroidism, ICP, diabetes, multiple births, family history of hypertension, and IVF-ET assisted reproduction. The protective factors of gestational hypertension are local household registration and multipara. The predictive model of gestationall hypertension established in this study has good discrimination ability and has certain predictive value.

To analyze the risk factors related to the development of adolescent myopia to identify the risk factors and protective factors, to provide basis for implementing prevention and control measures for adolescent myopia.

From September 2021 to April 2022, a questionnaire survey was conducted among junior and senior high school students in a middle school group in Chengdu by stratified cluster sampling, including personal basic information and risk factors related to the development of myopia. A total of 2 072 participants were included. SAS9.4 software was used for univariate analysis, and R4.2.3 software was used to analyze the statistically significant factors using multiple logistic regression.

The results of univariate analysis showed that there were 15 factors including sex (χ²=25.56, P<0.001), age (F=62.11, P<0.001), and grade (χ²=192.7, P<0.001) were significantly associated with myopia. The results of multiple logistic regression showed that among the 15 independent variables, seven variables including gender, grade, and frequency of doing eye exercises were statistically significant. The protective factors included doing eye exercises every day (OR=0.64, 95%CI: 0.42-0.98) and doing physical exercise for more than 1.5 hours (OR=0.52, 95%CI: 0.33-0.83). The risk factors included female students (OR=1.47, 95%CI: 1.20-1.81), average daily time of using electronic products > 5 hours to 7 hours (OR=3.10, 95%CI: 1.42-6.80), and average time of doing homework per day > 3 hours to 4 hours (OR=1.57, 95%CI: 1.16-2.12).

There are multiple risk factors related to the development of adolescent myopia. It is suggested to implement targeted prevention and control measures to prevent and control the risk factors.

To explore the self-rated health status and influencing factors of the elderly in rural areas of China, and to provide decision-making reference for relevant departments to formulate healthy aging strategies for the elderly in rural areas.

Using the data of China family panel studies (CFPS) in 2020, descriptive analysis, univariate analysis, and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the self-rated health status and its influencing factors of the elderly in rural areas of China.

In total 72.6% of the 2 717 elderly in rural areas of China rated themselves as healthy. The age group of 60 to 74 years old (OR=0.694, 95%CI: 0.501-0.961), lower income (OR=0.503, 95%CI: 0.372-0.681), no smoking or no current smoking (OR=0.682, 95%CI: 0.538-0.865), and no alcohol or less alcohol now (OR=0.672, 95%CI: 0.491-0.920) were associated with poor self-rated health status. Normal BMI index (OR=1.868, 95%CI: 1.298-2.687), no hospitalization within one year (OR=2.537, 95%CI: 2.015-3.194), no physical discomfort within two weeks (OR=4.205, 95%CI: 3.422-5.167), and no chronic diseases (OR=2.530, 95%CI: 2.051-3.121) were associated with better health status.

The self-rated health status of the elderly in rural areas of China is good, but it is still necessary to strengthen the economic support, improve the construction of medical and health service system, improve the family support and social support system, and actively carry out specialized health education for the elderly in rural areas to promote their health management and quality of life.

To investigate the depression status of de facto orphan caregivers in Sichuan and analyze its influencing factors.

By using the social support rating scale and the simplified version of depression scale, a questionnaire survey was conducted on the social support and depression status of 374 de facto orphan caregivers in a city of Sichuan Province. A structural equation model was used to explore the factors influencing depression and their function routes.

The depression score of orphan caregivers was (13.76 ±5.24) points, and 286 (76.5%) had depressive symptoms. The prevalence of chronic diseases in caregivers (β=0.316, P<0.001), gender (β=0.098, P=0.038), education (β=-0.154, P=0.002), current residence (β=-0.150, P=0.001), care time (β=0.117, P=0.011), and relationship with de facto orphans (β=-0.141, P=0.013) had direct effects on depression. Caregivers who suffered from chronic diseases, female, poorly educated, residence in rural areas, long-term care, and being the orphan’s grandparents had high depression scores. Caregivers’ marital status(β=-0.027, P=0.030), personal monthly income (β=-0.042, P=0.001), and care style (β=-0.037, P=0.004) had indirect effects on depression through social support (β=-0.190, P < 0.001). Caregivers in marriage, with higher monthly income, and assistance from others had higher scores of social supports. The better the status of social support, the lower the score of depression.

The prevalence rate of depressive symptoms of de facto orphan caregivers in Sichuan is high, and the situation of depression is severe, which calls for the attention of the whole society and early intervention.

To investigate the choice of hospitalization location of floating population and analyze the influencing factors, to provide suggestions for further improving the fairness and accessibility of health services used by floating population and improving the urban medical and health service system.

The data of 4 547 floating people who had used hospitalization service in the 2018 national floating population health and family planning dynamic monitoring questionnaire were analyzed. The main analysis methods were statistical description, χ² test, and binary logistic regression analysis.

Among the 4 547 floating people who used hospitalization services, 3 435 people chose to stay in local hospital, accounting for 75.5%. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that people with education of junior high school and primary school or below (OR=0.732, 95%CI: 0.578-0.927; OR=0.673, 95%CI: 0.514-0.883), inter-provincial mobility (OR=0.784, 95%CI: 0.647-0.949), occupation as production and transportation workers (OR=0.644, 95%CI: 0.462-0.897), and no contracted family doctor (OR=0.782, 95%CI: 0.615-0.994) were more likely to choose non-local hospitals for hospitalization. Those who did not have medical insurance (OR=1.516, 95%CI: 1.071-2.146) and with self-assessed health and basic health (OR=1.813, 95%CI: 1.450-2.268;OR=1.353, 95%CI: 1.095-1.671) were more likely to be hospitalized in the inflow area.

The level of hospitalization service utilization of floating population in China has been improved, but there is still room for improvement. Attention should be paid to the demands of floating population for medical treatment and hospitalization and health security. We should constantly narrow the gap in the utilization of public health services between the floating population and the local population and improve the fairness and accessibility of access to medical and health resources.

To measure the fairness and efficiency of primary health resource allocation in Guangxi in 2021, and to explore its spatial autocorrelation pattern.

The degree of aggregation and data envelopment analysis (DEA) were used to analyze the fairness and efficiency of primary health resource allocation in Guangxi, and the spatial autocorrelation method was used to study the characteristics of spatial distribution of fairness and efficiency.

In 2021, the agglomeration degree of primary health resources in Guangxi cities and prefectures ranged from 0.451 to 2.961, and only 4 of the 14 prefectures and cities were DEA effective. There was a certain spatial aggregation effect in the fairness and efficiency of primary health resources allocation (except scale efficiency).

There is a large gap in the fairness and efficiency of primary health resource allocation in Guangxi, and other indicators except scale efficiency show spatial differentiation distribution to varying degrees. It is suggested that Guangxi strengthen the function of overall planning and promote the reasonable quota and complementary advantages of inter-regional primary health resources based on spatial autocorrelation.

To explore the coordination relationship and spatial pattern of health resource allocation and socioeconomic development in Sichuan Province, to provide references for promoting the high-quality development of health and social economy.

Entropy method, comprehensive evaluation index, and coupling coordination degree model were used to evaluate the level and coupling coordination degree of health resources and socio-economic development. Hot spot analysis was used to explore the characteristics of spatial agglomeration.

From 2017 to 2021, the development level of health resource allocation in different economic regions of Sichuan Province was in the following order: northwest Sichuan Ecological Demonstration Zone (0.59), Panxi Economic Zone (0.35), Chengdu Plain Economic Zone/Southern Sichuan Economic Zone(0.30), and Northeast Sichuan Economic Zone (0.23). The order of social and economic development level was as the follows:Chengdu Plain Economic Zone (0.25), Panxi Economic Zone (0.16), South Sichuan Economic Zone (0.15), Northeast Sichuan Economic Zone (0.10), and Northwest Sichuan Ecological demonstration Zone (0.08). In the past five years, most of the coupling coordination degree of different economic regions showed an increasing trend. Only the average coupling coordination degree of northeast Sichuan economic zone was less than 0.4, which was in a maladjusted recession, while the average coupling coordination degree of the remaining four economic zones was between 0.4 and 0.5, which was in transition harmony and generally subject to the lag of social and economic development. The level of coupling coordination showed a spatial pattern of“high in the west and low in the east”, and the agglomeration characteristics were mainly “high-high” agglomeration area in western Sichuan and “low-low” agglomeration area in northeastern Sichuan.

There are obvious regional differences in the allocation of health resources and the level of socio-economic development in Sichuan Province. The trend of coupling and coordination between the two systems is gradually improving, but the degree of coordination is not high. In addition, the coupling coordination level has significant spatial characteristics, and the local area shows agglomeration effect.