To investigate the dose-response effect of green elements and duration of green exercise on executive function among college students.

Using a mixed experimental design, 90 physically active college students were assigned to greener and less green environment exercise groups and 10-, 20-, and 30-minute exercise durations according to their physical activity level. All subjects completed a moderate-intensity two-legged jump-rope workout, during which heart rate was monitored using a Polar RS800. Inhibitory control, working memory and cognitive flexibility were tested before and after the exercise.

(1) The inhibitory control as well as working memory in the greener group was significantly better than that of less-green environment at the end of the exercise; (2) inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility were significantly better in 20 versus 30 minutes condition than in 10 minutes, but 20 versus 30 minutes was not significant.

Green environments and long duration exercise are more conducive to improving executive function, but there is no significant synergistic effect of green environments and exercise duration.

To evaluate the effect of exercise intervention on executive function in adult patients with depression.

Seven databases, Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central, China Knowledge (CNKI), Wanfang Database, and Wipro Journal Network (VIP), were searched to include randomized controlled trials from the time of database construction to July 2024. Stata 18.0 and Review Manager 5.4.1 software were used for statistical analysis.

A total of 7 papers with 497 subjects were included. Meta-analysis showed that exercise intervention significantly enhanced executive function (SMD=0.29, 95% CI［0.13, 0.44］), with inhibitory control (SMD=0.31, 95% CI［0.02, 0.60］), working memory (SMD=0.25, 95% CI［0.09, 0.40］) and cognitive flexibility (SMD=-0.33, 95% CI［-0.49, -0.17］) significantly improved (P<0.05). Subgroup analyses showed that the exercise intervention of low to moderate intensity, 30-60 minutes per session, lasting 12-16 weeks had the best effect on improvement of inhibitory control; the exercise intervention of high intensity, 30-60 minutes per session, lasting 3-8 weeks had the best effect on improvement of working memory and cognitive flexibility.

Exercise intervention can effectively enhance the executive function and its subdomains in patients with depression, and it is recommended to choose the appropriate exercise modality and dosage according to the actual situation of the patients in order to optimize the effect of the intervention.

To sinicize the Climate Change Health Protection Behavior Scale (CCHPB) for adolescents, and to explore the reliability and validity of the scale among Chinese adolescents.

The Chinese translation model of the scale was carried out with the help of Brislin’s translation model, and the structural validity of the scale was comprehensively evaluated by exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis.

The results showed that the internal consistency of the Chinese version of the CCHPB scale was excellent (α=0.923), and the Cronbach’s α coefficient of all dimensions of the scale was higher than 0.878, indicating that the Chinese version of the CCHPB scale had excellent reliability indicators. The results of exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis strongly confirmed the four-factor structure of the scale. In addition, all indicators in the adaptability of the confirmatory factor analysis model met the adaptation criteria, which clearly indicated that the scale had good structural validity.

The CCHPB scale can be used to evaluate the health protection behaviors of adolescents under possible climate change situations.

To analyze the disease characteristics, comorbidity patterns, and healthcare burden of hospitalized patients with hypertension and comorbidities, providing evidence for optimizing hypertension comorbidity management.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 810 747 hospitalized patients with hypertension and comorbidities from all general hospitals in Zhanjiang, Guangdong, between 2016 and 2022. Systematic cluster analysis was used to generate a dendrogram and identify comorbidity patterns. Inter-group comparisons were performed to analyze hospitalization costs across different patterns.

From 2016 to 2022, the number of hospitalized hypertensive patients with comorbidities showed an overall increasing trend, with a higher and rising proportion of males. The age distribution shifted toward older populations, with patients aged ≥85 years increasing annually. The top five most common comorbidities were atherosclerotic heart disease, cerebral infarction, type 2 diabetes, lipoprotein metabolism disorders, and chronic gastritis. Cluster analysis identified eight comorbidity patterns: cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular-metabolic disease,hepatic-renal disease, spinal-digestive disease, cerebral ischemia, senile cataract, dizziness-vertigo, and stroke. The senile cataract group incurred the highest total hospitalization costs(4 705.6,P<0.001). Among multi-comorbidity patterns, the hepatorenal disease group exhibited the highest total hospitalization costs(4 527.8), and the cardiovascular disease group had significantly higher Western medication and material expenses (P<0.001).

Hospitalized hypertensive patients with comorbidities are increasing in number and age. Prevention efforts should prioritize cardiovascular, metabolic, and digestive comorbidities. Eight distinct comorbidity patterns were identified, with senile cataract and hepatic-renal disease patients representing key populations for cost containment.

To analyze the impact of pain intensity on depression levels among rural elderly individuals, and to explore the mediating role of Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and the moderating effect of internet use.

This study was based on the 2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Partial correlation analysis was used to explore the relationships between pain intensity, ADL, depression levels, and internet use among rural elderly individuals. The Bootstrap method (Model 4,58) was used to analyze the mechanisms through which ADL and internet use affect the relationship between pain intensity and depression levels.

Pain intensity had a significant direct effect on depression levels among rural elderly individuals (β=1.537, 95% CI: 1.347-1.728). ADL played a significant mediating role between pain intensity and depression levels (β=0.319, 95% CI: 0.262-0.380). Internet use weakened the negative effect of pain intensity on ADL (β=0.508, P<0.01) and strengthened the negative effect of ADL on depression levels (β=-0.224, P<0.01).

Pain intensity positively influences depression levels among rural elderly individuals. ADL partially mediates the relationship between pain intensity and depression levels. Internet use moderates the effects between pain intensity and ADL, as well as between ADL and depression levels. Therefore, it is recommended to guide rural elderly individuals at the personal, family, and community levels to utilize internet technologies to disrupt the "pain-ADL decline-depression" chain reaction.

To understand the aging trend and some characteristics of people living with HIV who first received antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Guizhou province from 2005 to 2022, and to provide reference for the development of follow-up management measures for the elderly population.

The baseline characteristics of HIV/AIDS patients receiving ART in Guizhou province from 2005 to 2022 were collected from the National HIV/AIDS Antiretroviral Treatment Information System. Joinpoint regression was used to analyze the trends of baseline gender, age, transmission route, time from diagnosis to treatment initiation, and CD4+T lymphocyte (CD4+) level.

From 2005 to 2022, a total of 29 366 elderly patients (aged≥50 years) in Guizhou Province received ART treatment for the first time. The proportion of elderly men receiving ART showed a decreasing trend from 2007 to 2022 (APC=-1.30%, P<0.001). The proportion of elderly patients with married status and having a spouse decreased (APC=-2.44%, P<0.001). The proportion of elderly patients with infection through heterosexual transmission reached a turning point in 2007, and it showed a rapid upward trend from 2005 to 2007 (APC=264.70%, P<0.001). The proportion of elderly patients with a one-to-two-year time interval from diagnosis to starting treatment decreased from 2005 to 2007 (APC=-10.22%, P<0.001), and then showed an upward trend from 2007 to 2022 (APC=1.29%, P<0.001). The proportion of elderly patients with baseline CD4+ level≤200 showed a turning point in 2013 ［95% CI: 2008-2018］, and it decreased from 2005 to 2013 (APC=-8.11%, P<0.001).

From 2005 to 2022, the elderly patients who first received ART in Guizhou province were mainly male, married, heterosexual transmission, 1-2 years from diagnosis to treatment, and baseline CD4+ level ≤200, and the proportion of elderly patients was on the rise. Follow-up management strategies of ART should be developed for the elderly population to improve the quality of ART.

To analyze the burden of spinal injuries and its changing trends in China from 1990 to 2021, providing a theoretical basis for the prevention of spinal injuries.

Using the GBD 2021 database, indicators such as incidence, prevalence, and Years Lived with Disability (YLD) were extracted to describe the changes in the burden of spinal injuries in China. Data visualization was performed using the R language, the Joinpoint model was used to analyze the temporal trends of disease burden, the APC model was used to estimate age, period, and cohort effects, and the BAPC model was used to predict the standardized incidence rate of spinal injuries from 2022 to 2040.

Compared to 1990, the YLD rate and standardized YLD rate of spinal injuries in China showed a decline in 2021, while other indicators increased; the disease burden increased with age, with males having a higher burden than females; falls were the main cause of the disease burden; the average annual percentage change in standardized incidence rate, standardized prevalence rate, and standardized YLD rate from 1990 to 2021 was 0.007%, 0.156%, and -0.344%, respectively; the age-period-cohort model showed that the incidence rate increased with age, fluctuated upwards with time, and fluctuated downwards with the birth cohort; the prediction model indicated that the standardized incidence rate of spinal injuries will show a declining trend from 2022 to 2040.

The burden of spinal injuries in China from 1990 to 2021 showed an upward trend, with gender and age differences, falls being the main cause, and the elderly and males being the key burden groups; effective measures should be taken for intervention.

To develop a knowledge, attitude, and behavior questionnaire on screen use among caregivers of children and to test its reliability and validity.

Based on the theory of “Knowledge-Attitude-Practice”, the initial questionnaire was formed through literature analysis, research group discussion, two rounds of Delphi expert consultation and pre-investigation. Through convenient sampling, 270 main caregivers of children aged 2 to 12 in Heilongjiang Province were selected for questionnaire investigation. Item analysis of the data was conducted, and internal consistency coefficient was used to analyze the reliability of the questionnaire. Exploratory factor analysis and content validity were used to evaluate the validity of the questionnaire.

The formal questionnaire consisted of 5 items on general information, 10 items on knowledge dimension, 7 items on attitude dimension, and 9 items on behavior dimension. The Item - Level Content Validity Index (I-CVI) ranged from 0.850 to 1.000. The Scale-Level Content Validity Index (S-CVI) was 0.808, and the Scale-Level Content Validity Index/Average (S-CVI/Ave) was 0.982. The factor loadings for all items were greater than 0.4, and the contribution rate of cumulative variance was 63.346%, indicating good validity. The Cronbach’s α coefficient of the questionnaire overall was 0.892, and the Cronbach’s α coefficient of the three dimensions ranged between 0.738 and 0.886, with good reliability.

The questionnaire has good reliability and validity, and can be used as an evaluation tool for the level of knowledge, attitude, and behavior of caregivers of children.

To analyze the current situation and influencing factors of two-week illness among children aged 0-6 years in Sichuan Province, and to explore the influence of family parenting styles on children’s two-week illness, so as to provide reference for improving the quality of children’s health services.

Based on data from the seventh health service survey of Sichuan Province, the relationship between family parenting style and children’s two-week illness was explored using logistic modeling.

Rural (OR=0.554, 95% CI: 0.311-0.985), left-behind families (where parents do not live permanently or are primarily cared for by someone other than the parents) (OR=1.775, 95% CI: 1.028-3.067) are more sensitive to children’s two-week illness. Indicators such as whether a parent is a permanent resident, the child’s primary caregiver, whether they have commercial insurance, whether they are placed in a childcare facility, and the number of toys they own vary among children’s two-week illness rates (P<0.05).

Different family parenting styles have a great impact on children’s two-week illness. It is recommended to further improve the mechanism of primary children’s health care services, emphasize the role of family in children’s health, and create a child-friendly environment for children to grow up.

To investigate the prevalence of night eating syndrome (NES) among university students and explore its associations with depression, stress, and body mass index (BMI), thereby providing evidence for identifying high-risk populations and developing targeted interventions.

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Nanjing, recruiting 500 university students for a questionnaire survey. The Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) were used to assess NES symptoms, depressive mood, and stress levels. Statistical analyses included the Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test, correlation analysis, and logistic regression models.

A total of 531 valid questionnaires were collected. The prevalence of NES was 6.0%(n=32), while the rates of depressive symptoms and perceived stress were 42.7%(n=227) and 49.0%(n=260), respectively. Students in the NES group had significantly higher levels of depression (P<0.001) and stress (P=0.002) compared to the non-NES group, whereas no significant difference was found in BMI (P=0.130). Spearman correlation analysis showed that NEQ scores were positively correlated with SDS and PSS scores (both P<0.001), but not with BMI (P>0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that depression (OR=22.995, 95% CI: 5.434-97.304, P<0.001) and stress (OR=2.825, 95% CI: 1.282-6.227, P=0.010) were positively associated with NES risk, and the risk increased with the severity of depression.

Depression and stress are critical risk factors for NES among university students. Enhancing mental health may serve as an effective approach to NES prevention and intervention.