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To analyze the disease characteristics, comorbidity patterns, and healthcare burden of hospitalized patients with hypertension and comorbidities, providing evidence for optimizing hypertension comorbidity management.
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 810 747 hospitalized patients with hypertension and comorbidities from all general hospitals in Zhanjiang, Guangdong, between 2016 and 2022. Systematic cluster analysis was used to generate a dendrogram and identify comorbidity patterns. Inter-group comparisons were performed to analyze hospitalization costs across different patterns.
From 2016 to 2022, the number of hospitalized hypertensive patients with comorbidities showed an overall increasing trend, with a higher and rising proportion of males. The age distribution shifted toward older populations, with patients aged ≥85 years increasing annually. The top five most common comorbidities were atherosclerotic heart disease, cerebral infarction, type 2 diabetes, lipoprotein metabolism disorders, and chronic gastritis. Cluster analysis identified eight comorbidity patterns: cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular-metabolic disease,hepatic-renal disease, spinal-digestive disease, cerebral ischemia, senile cataract, dizziness-vertigo, and stroke. The senile cataract group incurred the highest total hospitalization costs(4 705.6,P<0.001). Among multi-comorbidity patterns, the hepatorenal disease group exhibited the highest total hospitalization costs(4 527.8), and the cardiovascular disease group had significantly higher Western medication and material expenses (P<0.001).
Hospitalized hypertensive patients with comorbidities are increasing in number and age. Prevention efforts should prioritize cardiovascular, metabolic, and digestive comorbidities. Eight distinct comorbidity patterns were identified, with senile cataract and hepatic-renal disease patients representing key populations for cost containment.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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