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To analyze the burden of spinal injuries and its changing trends in China from 1990 to 2021, providing a theoretical basis for the prevention of spinal injuries.
Using the GBD 2021 database, indicators such as incidence, prevalence, and Years Lived with Disability (YLD) were extracted to describe the changes in the burden of spinal injuries in China. Data visualization was performed using the R language, the Joinpoint model was used to analyze the temporal trends of disease burden, the APC model was used to estimate age, period, and cohort effects, and the BAPC model was used to predict the standardized incidence rate of spinal injuries from 2022 to 2040.
Compared to 1990, the YLD rate and standardized YLD rate of spinal injuries in China showed a decline in 2021, while other indicators increased; the disease burden increased with age, with males having a higher burden than females; falls were the main cause of the disease burden; the average annual percentage change in standardized incidence rate, standardized prevalence rate, and standardized YLD rate from 1990 to 2021 was 0.007%, 0.156%, and -0.344%, respectively; the age-period-cohort model showed that the incidence rate increased with age, fluctuated upwards with time, and fluctuated downwards with the birth cohort; the prediction model indicated that the standardized incidence rate of spinal injuries will show a declining trend from 2022 to 2040.
The burden of spinal injuries in China from 1990 to 2021 showed an upward trend, with gender and age differences, falls being the main cause, and the elderly and males being the key burden groups; effective measures should be taken for intervention.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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