To explore the vitamin D nutritional status and influencing factors of primary and middle school students in poverty areas of Guizhou Province, and to provide scientific basis for the development of targeted nutritional improvement measures.

A total of 2,519 students from 4 primary and 4 middle schools in 9 key monitoring counties (districts) in Guizhou Province, where the Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education Students was implemented in 2023, were selected for questionnaire surveys, physical examinations, and blood biochemistry tests using multistage cluster sampling methods. Multifactorial logistic regression was used to analyze the current status of vitamin D nutrition and its influencing factors.

The average vitamin D level of primary and middle school students in poverty areas of Guizhou Province was (22.59±6.66)ng/ml, and the rate of low vitamin D was 37.51%. The prevalence of low vitamin D among female students (46.17%) was higher than that of male students (29.11%), and the difference was statistically significant (χ²=78.213, P<0.001). There was a significant difference in the rate of low vitamin D among students in different regions (χ²=23.454, P<0.001), and the rate of low vitamin D tended to increase with age (χ²=44.905, P<0.001). The results of multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that, compared with the corresponding reference group, ethnic minorities (OR=0.706, 95% CI: 0.590-0.844), physical activity ≥60 min/d (OR=0.791, 95% CI: 0.663-0.943), and living in the countryside (OR=0.747, 95% CI: 0.616-0.906) were protective factors for low vitamin D levels; obesity (OR=2.133, 95% CI: 1.390-3.272), female students (OR=2.238, 95% CI: 1.882-2.662), the 11-13 years old group (OR=1.849, 95% CI: 1.521-2.248) and the 14-17 years old group (OR=2.000, 95% CI: 1.576-2.539) were risk factors for low vitamin D levels.

High rates of low vitamin D among primary and middle school students in poverty areas of Guizhou Province require the development of personalized nutritional interventions to improve vitamin D nutritional status.

To evaluate the relationship between dietary diversity and hypertension among residents aged 35-74 in the Guangxi Province, to analyze the association between dietary diversity and hypertension by assessing the Dietary Diversity Score (DDS), and to provide reference for improving dietary diversity and controlling hypertension in the local population.

This cross-sectional study included participants from the Prospective Cohort Study on Chronic Diseases in Guangxi Ethnic Minority Population. Baseline surveys and physical measurements were conducted on residents aged 35-74. A dietary diversity score (DDS) was calculated based on a food frequency questionnaire. Binary logistic regression models were used to explore the relationship between DDS and hypertension, and restricted cubic spline models were used to examine the dose-response relationship between DDS and hypertension.

A total of 12 896 participants were included, among whom 4541 (35.21%) were diagnosed with hypertension. The mean DDS of residents aged 35-74 in Guangxi was (5.45±1.39). The consumption frequency of cereals and tubers was high, while the intake of dairy products was relatively low. The binary logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for confounding factors, DDS was a protective factor for hypertension (OR=0.95, 95% CI: 0.92-0.98, P=0.001). The restricted cubic spline model demonstrated a linear dose-response relationship between DDS and hypertension (P_{overall trend}<0.05, P_{non-linearity}=0.787). As DDS increased, the risk of hypertension linearly decreased.

The prevalence of hypertension is high among residents aged 35-74 in the Guangxi Province, while the level of dietary diversity is relatively low. Increasing dietary diversity may help reduce the incidence of hypertension.

To investigate the effects of different high-fat diets with various types of oils on serum lipid levels and gut microbiota in mice.

Thirty SPF male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into three groups based on their body weight (n = 10 per group). The normal diet group (ND) was fed a basal diet while the palm oil high-fat group (PHFD) and soybean oil high-fat group (SHFD) were fed their respective high-fat diets for 17 weeks. Blood samples were collected to evaluate serum biochemical indexes. Bacterial RNA was extracted from the feces of mice, followed by 16S rRNA sequencing.

Compared with the ND group, the body weights of mice were significantly increased in the PHFD and SHFD groups (P<0.05). Additionally, body weights of the PHFD group were significantly higher than that of the SHFD group (P<0.05). Compared with the ND group, the levels of serum total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly increased in the PHFD group (P<0.05), the levels of serum TC and triglyceride (TG) were significantly increased in the SHFD group (P<0.05), the levels of serum TC and LDL-C were significantly higher in the PHFD group compared to the SHFD group (P<0.05). The results of gut microbiota showed that compared with ND, the PCA diagrams of the β diversity presented clear distinction, the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio (F/B ratio) of the PHFD group was significantly increased (P<0.05), with the PHFD group having a significantly higher F/B ratio than the SHFD group (P<0.05). Moreover, the relative abundance of Muribaculaceae was significantly decreased (P<0.05). The PHFD group had significant increases in the relative abundance of characteristic bacteria, including Ileibacterium, Pseudomonas, and Bifidobacterium (P<0.05), whereas the SHFD group had significant increases in the relative abundance of characteristic bacteria, such as Mucispirillum, Allobaculum, and Colidextribacter (P<0.05). Additionally, the function of glucose metabolism-related pathways was significantly increased in the PHFD group (P<0.05), while function of lipid metabolism-related pathway was significantly decreased in the SHFD group (P<0.05).

Different types of high-fat diets with various types of oils lead to lipid metabolism disorder and significant differences in the composition and structural changes of gut microbiota in mice. The PHFD group shows increases in the relative abundances of genuses associated with glycolipid metabolism, while the SHFD group shows increases in the relative abundances of genuses associated with lipid-metabolism and decrease in the relative abundance of antioxidant capacity.

To explored the relationship between the Dietary Oxidative Balance Score (DOBS) and the risk of developing osteoporosis in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

The study population was selected from CKD patients aged 40 years and above in a total of four survey cycles of NHANES 2007—2008, 2009—2010, 2013—2014, and 2017—2018, and the association between DOBS and the risk of developing osteoporosis in CKD patients was assessed using weighted logistic regression, with smoothed curve fitting demonstrating the dose-response relationship between the two and subgroup analyses based on age and gender.

A total of 2 281 participants were included in this study, and the fully adjusted model (Model 3) found that higher DOBS significantly reduced the risk of osteoporosis in CKD patients, with an OR of 0.400 (95% CI: 0.211-0.758) in the highest quartile group of DOBS (Q4) compared with Q1. Smoothed curve fitting revealed a negative linear dose-response relationship between DOBS and the prevalence of osteoporosis. Subgroup analysis revealed that the negative association between DOBS and osteoporosis was more significant in female and ≥65-year-old CKD patients, respectively.

In this study, we found that the relationship between DOBS and the risk of osteoporosis in CKD patients was linearly negatively correlated and showed gender and age differences, but further studies are needed to confirm this.

To identify potential subtypes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms among middle school students and further explore the association between these subtypes and internet gaming addiction.

A stratified random sampling method was used to select 2 100 students from six middle schools in Bijie City, Guizhou Province. The Internet Gaming Disorder Scale (IGDS) and the Barkley Current Symptom Scale (BCSS) were administered for assessment. Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was employed to determine the latent classifications of ADHD symptoms, followed by the application of a robust three-step approach to analyze the relationship between these classifications and internet gaming addiction. To assess the relationship between ADHD symptom classifications and the risk of internet gaming addiction, binary Logistic regression analysis was conducted, controlling for demographic variables such as gender and age, to clarify the predictive effect of ADHD symptoms on the risk of internet gaming addiction.

The prevalence rate of internet gaming addiction among middle school students was found to be 4.57% (n=96). Latent profile analysis identified three potential subtypes of ADHD symptoms: low symptom subtype (n=1 058, 50.4%), moderate symptom subtype (n=829, 39.5%), and high symptom subtype (n=213, 10.1%). Further analysis indicated statistically significant differences in internet gaming addiction scores among the ADHD symptom subtypes (χ²=547.438, P<0.001), with the high symptom subtype scoring the highest, followed by the moderate symptom subtype, and the low symptom subtype(scores were 26.79±0.54, 19.47±0.26, 14.75±0.19, respectively). After adjusting for demographic variables such as gender and ethnicity and conducting multiple comparisons, the association between moderate and high levels of ADHD symptoms and the risk of internet gaming addiction remained significant (OR values respectively were (1.25, 95% CI:1.58-1.35) and (1.14, 95% CI:1.08-1.20)), while the impact of the low symptom level was not significant.

There is significant heterogeneity in ADHD symptoms among middle school students and different latent subtypes of ADHD symptoms are significantly associated with internet gaming addiction. Students with higher levels of ADHD symptoms are more likely to have higher internet gaming addiction scores. Schools and families should pay more attention to middle school students exhibiting more severe ADHD symptoms to promote mental health development.

To understand the changes of stunting among primary and secondary school students in the areas of Nutrition Improvement Programme for rural Compulsory Education Students in Henan Province from 2012 to 2021, so as to provide a basis for improving malnutrition and promoting healthy growth of students.

A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 10% of primary and junior high schools from 28 monitoring counties in Henan Province, with no less than 40 students in each grade, a total of 1 198 228 students were sampled in 8 years, and their heights were measured to analyse the stunting situation.

The rates of stunting among students in the monitoring areas of Henan Province were 1.33%, 1.23%, 1.08%, 0.74%, 0.87%, 0.71%, 0.80% and 0.43% from 2012 to 2021, showing a fluctuating downward trend. The overall rate was higher for girls (1.09%) than for boys (0.85%) (χ²=189.596, P<0.05), and for primary schools (0.99%) than for lower secondary schools (0.79%) (χ²=61.862, P<0.05). The rates of stunting in both boys and girls, in primary and junior high school, and in all age groups basically showed a fluctuating downward trend among different years (P<0.05). The rate of stunting in all years showed a decreasing and then increasing trend in the age group of 6～12 years old, then an increasing trend after a decrease in the age group of 13 years old, and then a maximum in the age group of 16 years old.

The rate of stunting among students in the Nutrition Improvement Programme for Rural Compulsory Education Students in Henan Province from 2012 to 2021 shows a fluctuating downward trend, but there is still a certain percentage, which requires targeted intervention policies.

To understand the satisfaction of diabetic patients to family doctor contract services and its influencing factors, and to provide evidence for further improving the contract services of family doctors for diabetic patients.

From August to September 2019, a total of 514 diabetic patients who had been contracted by their family doctors were investigated using a multi-stage stratified random sampling method in three cities of Shandong province. Descriptive analysis, chi-squared test and logistic regression analysis were used to study the degree of satisfaction with contracted services and its influencing factors.

71.8% diabetic patients were satisfied with family doctor contract services. Age (χ²＝7.025, P=0.030), familiarity with family doctor (χ²=13.227, P<0.001), change of life habit (χ²=15.217, P<0.001), change of medical cost (χ²＝4.904, P＝0.027), changes in convenience of medical treatment (χ²=16.578, P<0.001), change of waiting time (χ²=9.155, P=0.002), and other factors will affect the satisfaction of diabetes patients with the services signed by family doctors.Multivariate logistic regression results showed that diabetes patients with higher annual family income (OR=2.321, 95% CI: 1.298-4.148), knew their family doctor’s name (OR=1.804, 95% CI：1.041-3.126), believed that their living habits improved after signing the contract (OR=1.903, 95% CI: 1.081-3.350), and had more convenient medical consultation (OR=1.741, 95% CI: 1.037-2.920) were more satisfied with the service of signing the contract.

The overall satisfaction of diabetic patients to family doctor contract services in Shandong province is relatively high, but there is still room for further improvement. It is suggested that measures should be taken to optimize the contracting services for low-income and elderly diabetic patients, and the contact between family doctors and patients should be further strengthened. Emphasis should be placed on guiding patients to form healthy behaviour, and improving the convenience of healthcare in order to improve patients’ satisfaction.

To explore the current situation of disease prevention and control ability and training needs of grassroots public health personnel in Luzhou, to provide a reference for improving the disease prevention and control ability of grassroots public health personnel in Luzhou.

A questionnaire survey was conducted on 1 075 people engaged in disease control work in township health centers, village clinics, and community health service centers (stations) in Luzhou City to analyze their disease prevention and control ability and influencing factors.

The average self-evaluation score of basic disease prevention and control ability skills of primary public health personnel in Luzhou City was 57.93±27.30 points, with a score rate of 46.72%. Among them, "prevention and control of chronic non-communicable diseases" had the highest score rate of 56.94%, and "prevention and control of endemic and parasitic diseases" had the lowest score rate of 37.75%. Among the survey respondents, 92.37% had participated in basic knowledge or skills training in disease control, and the proportion of those who chose "on-site guidance" as the desired form of training was the highest, at 80.74%. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the factors affecting the ability of primary public health personnel in disease prevention and control were mainly female (t=-3.425, P=0.001), outside the establishment (t=3.322, P=0.001), not having participated in training in basic knowledge or skills of disease control (t=-6.119, P<0.001), professional background (non-medical t=-2.083, P=0.038) and professional background (non-medical t=-0.083, P=0.038).

The disease prevention and control ability of grassroots public health personnel in Luzhou City is relatively weak, with gender, professional background, establishment, and whether they have participated in training being the main influencing factors, requiring targeted training in relevant knowledge and skills.

To understand the successful aging of the rural elderly in China and analyze its influencing factors.

The rural elderly aged 60 and above from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were selected as the research object, it was determined that successful aging is achieved by simultaneously meeting the four dimensions of " no major chronic diseases"," no depression"," good cognitive and physical function" and "active social participation". Then multifactor logistic regression was used to analyze the successful aging of the rural elderly based on the social ecosystem theory.

The successful aging rate of the elderly in rural China was 6.79%. The results of multivariate logistic regression showed, self-rated health status in the hierarchy of personal characteristics (OR=0.426, 95% CI: 0.294-0.615), hearing (OR=0.605, 95% CI: 0.447-0.819), childhood health status (OR=0.635, 95% CI: 0.450-0.897), level of education (OR=7.571, 95% CI: 4.091-14.011), and personal annual income (OR=3.422, 95% CI:1.952-6.001), physical exercise in the individual behavioral hierarchy (OR=0.525, 95% CI: 0.291-0.948), daily duration of sleep (OR=0.615, 95% CI: 0.449-0.843), marriage status in the interpersonal level (OR=0.565, 95% CI: 0.349-0.917), financial support from children (OR=1.427, 95% CI: 1.053-1.934), internet use (OR=0.469, 95% CI:0.271-0.814), life satisfaction at the community level (OR=0.352, 95% CI:0.161-0.769), endowment insurance(OR=0.491, 95% CI: 0.245-0.983) in the policy level both were influencing factors for the successful aging of the elderly people in rural areas.

The degree of successful aging of the rural elderly in China is low, and good cognitive and physical functions and positive social participation dimensions are the main shortcomings for the successful aging of the rural elderly.

To measure China’s medical resources mismatch index, to analyze the differences in the spatial distribution of medical resources mismatch, and to clarify the specific path to improve the mismatch of medical resources.

Based on the 2009-2021 data, China’s medical capital and labor mismatch indices were measured, the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics and sources of differences were analyzed using Dagum’s Gini coefficient and its decomposition method, and the fsQCA method was used to analyze the conditional groupings of high or low medical resource mismatches.

There were different degrees of capital mismatch or labor mismatch in each region. The overall Gini coefficient showed an "inverted V" evolution trend, the overall Gini coefficient within the region showed a fluctuating downward trend, and the overall Gini coefficient between regions was more complicated. Inter-region differences were the most important factor in the differences in the spatial allocation of medical resources. There were two types of pathways that lead to a high medical resource mismatch, i.e., labor-labor mismatch index and labor-labor mismatch index. There were 2 types of paths, i.e., labor force-hospital structure dual-driven (H1) and service level auxiliary-driven (H2), and 2 types of paths leading to low medical resource mismatch, i.e., urbanization-hospital structure-service level linkage-restricted (L1, L2) and internal and external linkage-restricted (L3, L4).

It’s supposed to play themacro-controlrole for the government to promote the rational allocation of regional medical resources, take the medical association as an important hand to play the leading role of tertiary hospitals, and fully implement the development strategy of new type of urbanization and lower the threshold of population settlement.