To explore the causal association between gut microbiota and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using two-sample Mendelian randomization.

The data of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of gut microbiota as an exposure factor and type 2 diabetes mellitus as an outcome variable were obtained from the public genome-wide association study database. MR-Egger, weighted median method, inverse variance weighted method (IVW), simple model, and weighted model were used for MR Analysis. The MR-Egger method and IVW method were used for heterogeneity analysis. MR-Egger intercept was used to test the pleiotropy of the data, and the leave-one-out method was used for sensitivity analysis to evaluate the robustness of the results.

A total of 7 gut microbiota were found to be associated with type 2 diabetes in East Asians, and the risk bacteria were Eubacteriumnodatumgroup, Ruminococcaceae UCG010, Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group, Victivall, and protect bacteria were Enterorhabdus, Erysipelatoclostridium, Romboutsia. There were a total of four kinds of intestinal flora in the European population associated with type 2 diabetes, dangerous bacteria were Howardella, Eubacteriumruminantiumgroup, Eubacteriumventriosumgroup, and protect bacteria were FamilyXIIIAD3011group.

Specific gut microbiota may have causal effects on the risk of type 2 diabetes.

To understand and assess the health risks of five common chemical pollutants, formaldehyde, ammonia, benzene, toluene and xylene, in indoor air of public places in Xining City, and to provide technical support for environmental health management of public places in Xining City.

From 2020 to 2022, monitoring sites were set up in the western and central districts of Xining City to monitor the data of common chemical pollutants in hotels and barbershops, and conduct health risk assessment of chemical pollutants according to the Technical Guide for Environmental Health Risk Assessment of Chemical Substances (WS/T 777-2021).

From 2020 to 2022, there were 238 monitoring points in the hotel, only 2 formaldehyde monitoring points exceeded the standard. The total qualified rate of formaldehyde in the hotel was 99.16%, and the total qualified rate of benzene, toluene and xylene in the hotel was 100%. There are 47 monitoring points in barbershop, and the total pass rate of formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, xylene and ammonia at each monitoring point is 100%. The concentration of benzene in indoor air in barbershop (0.001 mg/m³) was lower than that in hotel (0.002 mg/m³), and the difference was statistically significant (Z=-2.708, P<0.05). Among 47 monitoring points in barbershop, 23 monitoring points had a risk between 10^-4 and 10^-6, accounting for 48.9%, and the rest had a risk value higher than 10^-4; Among 238 monitoring points in hotel, 154 monitoring points had a risk between 10^-4 and 10^-6, accounting for 64.7%, and the rest had a risk value higher than 10^-4; There were 34 monitoring sites in barbershop with risk less than 10^-6, accounting for 72.3%, and 138 monitoring sites in hotel with risk less than 10^-6, accounting for 58%. The risk values of P₇₅ and maximum concentration of both sites were greater than 10^-6. Hotel formaldehyde has 150 monitoring points HQ>1, accounting for 63%, the maximum risk value is 3.6; There were two monitoring points for benzene with HQ>1, accounting for 0.8%, and the maximum risk was 1.08. All HQ of toluene and xylene are less than 1. There were 31 monitoring points for formaldehyde in barbershop, HQ>1, accounting for 66%, and the highest risk value was 3.72. HQ of other pollutants is less than 1.

The concentration of five chemical pollutants in the air of public places in Xining City from 2020 to 2022 basically meets the requirements of the national standard, but the carcinogenic risk and non-carcinogenic risk caused by formaldehyde and benzene should be paid attention to.

To understand the air pollution level, to analyze the source apportionment of metals and metalloids in PM_2.5 and to evaluate its health risk in the city of Hefei.

The concentration of 10 elements (As,Cd,Cr,Ni,Pb, Mn,Se, Al and Sb)in PM_2.5 samples was collected in Hefei city from January 2018 to December 2022, which was used to analyze the pollution level and source apportionment was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer(ICP-MS). Correlation analysis, principal components analysis and cluster analysis were used to analyze the sources of metals and metalloids. A health risk assessment model was used to evaluate the health risk of population of 4 carcinogenic elements(As,Cd,Cr,Ni) and 5 non-carcinogenicelements(Pb,Mn,Se,Al,Sb).

The total average concentration of 10 elements in PM_2.5 was in an order of Al>Pb>Mn>As>Se>Sb>Ni>Cr>Cd>Tl and presented an obvious seasonal variation characteristic, higher in winter and spring, lower in summer and autumn.The mixed sources of coal burning, traffic and industry, dust and industrial emissions sources were the main sources of metals and metalloids in ambient PM_2.5 in Hefei.The respiratory pathway exposures of these elements assessed by annual excess risk were between 1.67×10^-7and 4.22×10^-15, which were below the acceptable risk level of population (10^-6).

The main sources of metals in Hefei are mixed sources, soil dust sources and industrial sources. The respiratory pathway exposures of most of the elements assessed by annual excess risk are below the acceptable risk level of population.

To analyze the non-occupational carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning incidents in Jinan City from 2011 to 2022, to grasp their epidemiological characteristics, and propose suggestions for further reducing the morbidity and mortality of non-occupational CO poisoning.

Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data. The chi-square test was used to compare the rates.

From 2011 to 2022, Jinan City reported 3 003 incidents of non-occupational CO poisoning, with 4 208 cases of poisoning. The average number of poisoning cases per year was 351, with the population over 60 years old being the high-risk group for poisoning. There was a total of 125 deaths, with a fatality rate of 2.97%. The mortality rate of critically ill patients was significantly higher than that of other groups (χ²=45.54, P<0.001). The average annual incidence of non-occupational CO poisoning was 47.48 per million, and the average annual mortality rate was 1.18 per million. The date of occurrence of non-occupational CO poisoning in Jinan City had obvious seasonal characteristics, which was consistent with the winter and spring heating seasons. Among poisoning incidents with clear causes, improper heating was a major cause of poisoning (2 554, 87.4%), followed by gas leaks (207, 7.1%), and the consumption of charcoal hot pots and other charcoal-grilled foods (113, 3.9%).

Although the incidence of non-occupational CO poisoning in Jinan is on a downward trend, the number of people poisoned is still high, and the causes of poisoning are diverse. Therefore it is necessary for multiple departments to jointly carry out the corresponding inspection and preventive work while strengthening the safety education for the residents.

To analyze the status and long-term trends in dietary intake and dietary diversity of adults in Guizhou province from 1991 to 2018.

The food intake was worked out by 3 consecutive days of dietary recollection.The χ² test was used to analyze the dietary intake status of different dietary categories by demographic characteristics in 2018. Cochran-Armitage trend test was used to analyze the trend of the proportion of people at risk. Dietary Diversity Scores (DDS) were conducted based on the intake of 9 food groups, and a general linear model was used to test trends in DDS.

The proportion of insufficient intake of livestock and poultry meat was higher in people aged 60 years or older than in residents aged 18-44 years (χ²=11.931, P<0.001), the differences in the proportions of insufficient/excessive intake of vegetables, fat, oil and salt were statistically significant among ethnic groups (χ² range: 5.852-12.392,P range: <0.001-0.016), and those with higher education had lower proportions of insufficient intake of fruits and livestock (χ² range: 10.173-21.870, P range: <0.001-0.001), people in rural areas had higher excessive proportions of intake of oil and salt and higher insufficient proportions of livestock and poultry meat, fruits and aquatic products, but their proportions of insufficient intake of cereals and potatoes and soya nuts were lower (χ² range: 6.986-39.627, P range: <0.001-0.008) compared with the city and other populations. The proportion of insufficient intake of grains and potatoes, vegetables, soya beans and nuts in the population tended to increase(Z_cereal=17.839,Z _vegetable=11.579,Z_bean&nuts=7.749, P<0.001); the proportion of insufficient intake of fruits, livestock and poultry meat, eggs and dairy products tended to decrease (Z range: -19.991-(-2.764), P range: <0.001-0.006); the proportion of excessive intake of salt and alcohol in the population tended to decrease, while the proportion of excessive intake of sugar tended to increase (Z_salt=-20.899,Z_alcohol=-12.460,Z_sugar=6.791, P<0.001); except for those with education level of tertiary education and above (β=0.005, P=0.520), the Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) of the rest of the subgroups showed an increasing trend (β range: 0.025-0.058, P<0.001).

The dietary structure of residents aged 18 years and above in Guizhou Province is irrational. Although the DDS score has increased, nutritional health interventions should be carried out for different groups of people to improve their dietary quality.

The aim of this study is to test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of CP-Q among college students.

The English version of the CP-Q was translated, back-translated following the Brislin model, and cultural adaptation was performed to develop the Chinese-version CP-Q.The reliability, validity and feasibility of the questionnaire were evaluated by investigation of questionnaires offline and electronic questionnaires online.

A total of 658 participants were investigated with 593 valid questionnaires obtained, the total effective rate was 90.1%.Subjects finished the Chinese-version CP-Q and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI); Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (MCTQ) and 24h dietary recalls. Moderate to strong correlations were observed in the sleep/wake schedules between the Chinese-version CP-Q, PSQI and MCTQ, both for work/study days and free days, the highest was the free day sleep time r=0.922(P<0.001).The correlations between sleep, wake, first eating event, lunch time and last eating event in work/study days and free days with the same variables in the 24h recall showed r=0.441-0.659 (P<0.05), in addition to the lunchtime in free days (r=287, P=0.076). A total of 7 items among the 17 variables in the Chinese-version CP-Q evaluated in the test and retest phases presented intraclass correlation coefficients ≥0.75.

The Chinese-version CP-Q has good reliability and validity and could reflect the real situation of eating time and sleeping time. The questionnaire can be used to assess the status of one’s chrononutrition.

To analyze the relationship between childhood emotional abuse (CEA) and short video addiction symptoms(SVAS) in middle school students, and to explore the mediation of cognitive interference(CI) and boredom proneness(BP).

In October 2023, 972 middle school students were tested with childhood emotional abuse scale, short video addiction symptoms scale, cognitive interference scale and boredom proneness scale using the multistage stratified cluster sampling, andprocess was used to analyze chain mediation.

28.19% of short video addiction symptoms was detected, it was higher in girls (χ²=7.961, P=0.005), higher in grade two(χ²=19.747, P<0.001), higher without home visits (χ²=7.221, P=0.007).Total indirect effect of CEA→SVAS was TIE=0.309(95%CI: 0.252-0.374), effect size P_M=69.29%. Indirect effect of CEA→CI→SVAS was IE=0.154 (95%CI:0.113-0.202). Indirect effect of CEA→BP→SVAS was IE=0.079 (95%CI:0.050-0.115). Indirect effect of CEA→CI→BP→SVAS was IE=0.075 (95%CI:0.053-0.104).

CEA can predict SVAS in middle school students through CI and BP.

To understand the epidemiological characteristics and trends of infant deaths due to perinatal diseases in China from 2012 to 2021, in order to provide a reference for the development of related prevention measures and policies.

An epidemiological analysis was conducted on the data of infant deaths due to perinatal diseases from 0-year-old group in the "Chinese Cause of Death Surveillance Dataset" for the years 2012-2021. The average annual percent change (AAPC) in mortality rates was analyzed using the Joinpoint regression model.

The overall mortality rate of infants due to perinatal diseases in China showed a downward trend from 2012 to 2021 (AAPC=-11.89, P<0.001). A declining trend was observed in both male and female infants, as well as urban and rural infants, with AAPCs of -11.73%, -11.98%, -18.70%, and -18.50%, respectively. There was a turning point in the trend for urban infants (APC=-5.20, P=0.124 for 2012-2016 and APC=-18.70, P<0.001 for 2016-2021). The annual average mortality rate due to perinatal diseases was higher in male infants (1.79 per thousand) than in female infants (1.36 per thousand) (χ²=776.474, P<0.001), and higher in rural infants (1.55 per thousand) than in urban infants (0.46 per thousand) (χ²=75.394, P<0.001). The overall mortality rates of "low birth weight, birth trauma and asphyxia, and others" showed a downward trend (AAPCs of -14.10%, -11.10%, and -9.60%, respectively, P<0.001), with differences between urban and rural areas observed in all three perinatal diseases (P<0.001 for each).

The mortality rate of infants due to perinatal diseases in China shows a general downward trend from 2012 to 2021, but the situation of deaths caused by perinatal diseases remains severe. The gap between urban and rural areas is significant, and priority should be given to the perinatal preventive health care of male infants and rural infants.

To investigate the differences in gut flora between infants and children aged 0~3 years with atopic dermatitis (AD) and healthy infants and children.

General information and fecal samples were collected from children with AD aged 0-3 years (AD group) and healthy infants and children (HC group). T Test and Chi-Square Tests were used to analyze the general information of infants and children in two groups, and 16S rRNA sequencing technology combined with bioinformatics analysis to compare the diversity and differences of intestinal flora in two groups.

General information only history of allergy in the immediate family was significantly different between the two groups (χ²=13.875, P<0.001). The difference in the diversity of Gut microbiota between the two groups was not statistically significant. At the gate level, the relative abundance of Verrucomicrobiota was significantly lower in the AD group than in the HC group (P=0.027), whereas the relative abundance of Fusobacteriota was significantly higher than in the HC group (P=0.038). At the genus level, the relative abundance of the genera Cetobacterium (P=0.010), Dysgonomonas (P=0.013), and Fusicatenibacter (P=0.044) in the AD group was significantly higher than that in the HC group, while the relative abundance of the genera Actinomyces (P=0.029), Collinsella (P=0.017) and Eggerthella (P=0.028) were significantly lower in relative abundance than the HC group. LEfSe analysis showed that the relative abundance of Coriobacteriaceae (P=0.017) and Bifidobacterium_longum (P=0.002) in the AD group was significantly lower than that in the HC group.

There are some differences in the composition of the Gut microbiota between the AD and HC groups. Differential microorganisms such as Fusicatenibacter, Eggerthella, Actinomyces and Bifidobacterium_longum may have a correlation with AD development, suggesting that regulating the Gut microbiota early in life may prevent and treat AD.

To explore the incident response capability of adverse event following immunization (AEFI) of vaccination staff in Chongqing.

Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the level and influencing factors of AEFI response capability among committees and vaccination workers in basic-level CDC and Vaccination units in Chongqing.

Among the 994 surveyed individuals, 97.0% had a medical background. The survey respondents answered AEFI disposal related questions with a total score of 35, with an average score of (18.0±5.1) points. Vaccination personnel with work experience of 21-30 years scored lower(β=-1.446, 95%CI: -2.888--0.004), and the ones who participated in district and county-level events(β= 3.223, 95%CI: 1.597-4.849), participated in municipal level events(β=3.885, 95%CI: 1.882-5.887), as well as city and district/county level participants(β=4.998,95%CI: 3.292-6.705) scored higher.

The disposal ability of AEFI among the basic-level vaccinators in Chongqing is uneven, and training should be strengthened in the future.