To descriptively analyze the epidemiological and pathogenetic characteristics of influenza (flu) in Chaoyang District from 2016 to 2023, and to provide a basis for scientific prevention and control of influenza.

Through the China Influenza Surveillance Information System, the etiology of influenza cases and influenza-like cases were collected, and epidemiological descriptions and statistical analysis were carried out, and χ² tests were used for comparison between groups.

A total of 210 738 influenza cases were reported in Chaoyang District from 2016 to 2023, with an average annual reported incidence rate of 829.81/100 000, and the highest incidence rate in the age group of 0-4 years (4 619.07/100 000). A total of 21 480 pharyngeal swab specimens of influenza-like cases were tested, with a positive detection rate of 14.14%. The positive rate of specimens in 2017-2018 was the highest (22.82%), and the positive rate in 2020-2021 was the lowest (0.77%), and the difference in the positive rate in different monitoring years was statistically significant (χ²=857.804, P<0.001). Influenza A viruses were mostly prevalent in winter, and influenza B viruses were mostly prevalent in winter and spring, and different subtypes of influenza viruses were prevalent at the same time or alternately. Of the 50 influenza outbreaks reported in Chaoyang District from 2016 to 2023, 96.00% occurred in primary and secondary schools.

The intensity of influenza epidemics in Beijing’s Chaoyang District varies in different monitoring years, and influenza A and B viruses show alternating epidemics. Children aged 0-14 years are the key population for influenza prevention and control, and schools are the key prevention and control sites.

To describe and analyze the disease burden of dengue fever in China from 1990 to 2021, and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of the disease.

Using the open data of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database from 1990 to 2021, this study analyzed the trend of dengue disease burden. The Joinpoint regression model was used to reflect the change trend of dengue burden, and the ARIMA time series model was used to predict the dengue disease burden in China in the next ten years.

The incidence and prevalence of dengue fever in China increased from 0.37/100 000 and 0.02/100 000 in 1990 to 1.88/100 000 and 0.11/100 000 in 2021, and the DALYs rate decreased from 0.30/100 000 in 1990 to 0.04/100 000 in 2021. From 1990 to 2021, the age-standardized incidence and prevalence of dengue fever in China increased from 0.38/100 000 and 0.02/100 000 to 2.01/100 000 and 0.12/100 000, and the age-standardized DALYs rate decreased from 0.32/100 000 to 0.05/100 000. The Joinpoint regression model showed that, the age-standardized incidence rate (AAPC=5.59%, P<0.05) and age-standardized prevalence rate (AAPC=5.57%, P<0.05) of dengue fever in China from 1990 to 2021 showed an increasing trend, while the age-standardized DALYs rate (AAPC=-5.84%, P<0.05) showed a decreasing trend. The ARIMA forecast model showed a small decline in the burden of dengue in China from 2022 to 2031.

In China, the incidence and prevalence of dengue fever and its age-standardized rate showed an increasing trend, while the DALYs rate and age-standardized DALYs rate showed a decreasing trend. The burden of dengue fever in China is still relatively heavy, so preliminary screening and health education of dengue fever should be strengthened, and corresponding preventive measures should be formulated according to the characteristics of dengue disease burden.

To evaluate the current status of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and its influencing factors in patients with Wilson’s disease (WD), and to compare them with the standards of the general population in China.

A cross-sectional study of 123 patients with WD from July 14, 2023, to March 14, 2024, was conducted to assess the HRQoL using the EuroQol five-dimensional three-level questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L) and converted using the Chinese value set. The Tobit regression model was used to identify potential factors associated with HRQoL.

The health utility value of WD patients grouped by age was significantly lower than that of the general population (P<0.001). Patients also reported more health problems in all dimensions of EQ-5D-3L than in the general population (P<0.001). The Tobit regression analysis shows that per capita monthly income, low-copper diet, phenotypes, and mental health status are significantly correlated with health utility values.

Patients with WD have a worse HRQoL than the general population in China. The HRQoL of patients can be improved by advocating a scientific low-copper diet, raising health awareness, and paying more attention to the psychological conditions of patients with WD, especially neuropsychiatric patients.

To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis E in Heilongjiang Province from 2010 to 2022, and to provide scientific basis and data support for the prevention and control of hepatitis E in Heilongjiang Province.

The data of reported cases of hepatitis E in Heilongjiang Province from 2010 to 2022 were collected. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to describe the temporal, spatial and population distribution characteristics of cases of hepatitis E. Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the trend of hepatitis E. and to calculate the Annual Percentage Change (APC).

From 2010 to 2022, the reported incidence of hepatitis E in Heilongjiang Province showed a decreasing trend, and the annual reported incidence was 1.27/100 000. There were reported cases of hepatitis E in every month, and the peak period of hepatitis E was from October to April of the following year. Hepatitis E cases were reported every year in all cities (places) of Heilongjiang Province, and the top five regions reported annual incidence were Qitaihe City (238/100 000), Hegang City (203/100 000), Shuangyashan City (194/100 000), Jixi City (156/100 000) and Yichun City (154/100 000). The reported incidence rates of both men and women decreased year by year, with APC of -8.41% (95% CI: -11.31%- -5.42%, P<0.001) for men and -5.22% for women (95% CI：-9.12% - -1.09%，P=0.013), the incidence of male was higher than that of female. The cumulative number of cases in the 45-55 age group was 1 430(30.45%). The results of occupation distribution showed that 1 380 cases (29.39%) were housework and unemployed, and 1 204 cases (25.64%) were farmers.

The reported incidence of hepatitis E in Heilongjiang Province from 2010 to 2022 shows a decreasing trend, but there arestill significant seasonal, regional and population characteristics. Winter and spring arethe peak of the incidence, and men, 45-65 years old age group, household workers and unemployed people and farmers arethe high incidence groups of hepatitis E. In the future, targeted health publicity activities should be carried out for key groups to promote hepatitis E vaccination, which is expected to further reduce the incidence of hepatitis E in Heilongjiang Province.

To investigate the association between long-term exposure to atmospheric pollutants (PM_2.5 and NO₂) and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, and the mediating role of abnormal lipid metabolism in the association.

Based on a China Multi-Ethnic Cohort and data collected from 2018—2019 on 15 573 participants in Sichuan Province and hospital discharge data in Sichuan Province from 2018—2022. Logistic regression and Cox proportional risk model were used to investigate the two-by-two associations between PM_2.5 and NO₂, dyslipidemia, and type 2 diabetes; regression-based causal mediator model was used to explore the mediating role of dyslipidemia in the association between PM_2.5 and NO₂ and type 2 diabetes.

For each 1 standard deviation (SD) increase in atmospheric PM_2.5 and NO₂ concentrations, the population Odds ratio (OR) (95% CI)for dyslipidemia was 1.042 (1.002-1.084) and 1.047 (1.003-1.093), respectively and the Hazard ratio (HR)(95% CI) for developing type 2 diabetes was 1.159 (1.044-1.288) and 1.330 (1.173-1.509), respectively. Patients with dyslipidemia had a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes with a HR(95% CI) of 1.777 (1.418-2.227). Dyslipidemia partially mediated the association of chronic exposure to PM_2.5 and NO₂ on developing type 2 diabetes mellitus, with natural indirect effects HR (95% CI) of 1.004 (1.000 - 1.008) and 1.005 (1.000 - 1.010), respectively, corresponding to 3.1% and 2.0% of the total effect, respectively.

Long-term exposure to PM_2.5 and NO₂ was positively associated with dyslipidemia and increased risk of type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia partially mediated the association of air pollution on the risk of type 2 diabetes.

To investigate the mediating effects and critical influences of triglyceride glucose (TyG) and triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) indices on the association of unhealthy lifestyle and hypertension in an occupational population, and to provide a scientific basis for hypertension in occupational populations.

A cross-sectional survey design was employed based on data from the Southwest Occupational Population Cohort. Unhealthy lifestyle was assessed based on scoring for smoking, alcohol consumption, unhealthy dietary patterns, low physical activity, and abnormal BMI. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between the unhealthy lifestyle score and hypertension. Causal mediation analysis was employed to estimate the mediating effects of TyG and TG/HDL-C. Additionally, network analysis was conducted to explore the correlation between among unhealthy lifestyle, TyG, TG/HDL-C, and hypertension.

A total of 24 545 study participants were included, with an average age of (37.37±10.60) years. Regression analysis revealed that the risk of hypertension increased with the number of unhealthy lifestyle factors. Compared with those with no unhealthy lifestyle factors, individuals with all five unhealthy lifestyle factors simultaneously had a 3.06-fold risk of developing hypertension (95% CI: 2.54-3.69). Mediation analysis indicated that TyG and TG/HDL-C mediated 34.25% and 6.64% of the effects, respectively, linking unhealthy lifestyle and hypertension. Among them, TyG emerged as the primary mediating factor and exhibited the highest bridge strength centrality in the network constructed for unhealthy lifestyle, TyG, TG/HDL-C, and hypertension.

Unhealthy lifestyle is associated with an increased risk of developing hypertension and shows a cumulative effect, and TyG is an important mediator and a key node in the network, suggesting that interventions should be carried out to target unhealthy lifestyle and TyG, which may contribute to hypertension prevention.

To understand the status of knowledge-attitude-practices (KAP) of meal replacement food among college students in Hainan Province.

From April 2023 to February 2024, a stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 2,451 college students from three universities in Hainan Province for a questionnaire survey. The knowledge and attitude levels of students with different characteristics were analyzed by T-test or ANOVA, and multiple response analysis was used for multiple choice questions in practice.

Knowledge of meal replacement food scored (5.67±2.26) (51.5%), attitude (10.85±4.28) (60.3%). 77.7% of university students wanted to continue consuming and try meal replacement food. And 73.5% of students accepted meal replacement food at a price of ‘≤15 RMB/meal’. The college students were mainly concerned about the nutritional balance (21.1%) and safety (19.2%) of the products. Their preferred product types were mainly meal-replacement biscuits (19.2%) and meal-replacement shakes (18.7%). The key considerations for purchasing meal replacement food were brand awareness of the product (18.7%) and price (16.5%). The channels for learning about meal replacement food were mainly the Internet or self-media (36.3%), and purchasing them was mainly from online shopping malls or supermarkets (32.0%).

College students in Hainan Province have a low level of knowledge about meal replacement food but have a positive attitude. They have a high willingness to consume meal replacement food. When shopping, the main factors they consider are the nutritional balance and safety of the product, brand awareness and price. They mainly obtain information about meal replacement food and purchase it online.

To assess the dietary nutrition status of patients with liver cirrhosis and to explore the relationship between dietary fiber and micronutrient intake and the prevalence of sarcopenia, providing a theoretical foundation for sarcopenia prevention in this patient population.

The current study was conducted among patients with liver cirrhosis in the gastroenterology department of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital by purposive sampling from September 2022 to December 2023. The 24-hour dietary recall method was used to collect information on the types and quantities of food consumed by the patients. Whole-body muscle mass was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and sarcopenia was diagnosed in combination with handgrip strength and 6-meter walking speed. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the correlation between energy and nutrient intake and sarcopenia.

A total of 203 patients with cirrhosis were included in the analysis, including 40.4% with sarcopenia. Negative correlations were observed between sarcopenia prevalence and the intake of dietary fiber (OR=0.85, 95% CI: 0.75-0.96), vitamin A (OR=0.87, 95% CI: 0.77-0.98), vitamin C(OR=0.91, 95% CI: 0.86-0.97), potassium (OR=0.88, 95% CI: 0.80-0.97), magnesium (OR=0.93, 95% CI: 0.87-0.99) and copper (OR=0.31, 95% CI: 0.14-0.67). Additionally, an interactive effect was identified between age and the intake of vitamin C, phosphorus, and iron (Pfor interaction<0.05).

Dietary fiber and micronutrient intake are closely related to sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis. It is crucial to enhance nutritional education for patients with liver cirrhosis and their families, and to consider the use of nutritional supplements when necessary to prevent sarcopenia, particularly in the elderly.

To investigate the contamination levels of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in livestock meat, eggs, and dairy products in Chongqing, and to assess the exposure risk of population to PFAS through the consumption of these foods.

45 livestock meat, 45 eggs and 30 dairy products samples were randomly collected to determine 23 types of PFAS in Chongqing. Based on estimated food consumption data for Chongqing population in 2022, the dietary PFAS exposure risk was evaluated.

The detection rates of PFAS in the three categories of animal-derived foods in Chongqing were as follows: eggs > livestock meat > dairy products. Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) was identified as the predominant PFAS, with detection rates of 95.6% in eggs, 37.8% in livestock meat, and 10.0% in dairy products. Both livestock meat and eggs were found to contain perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), with PFOA detection rates (33.3% in eggs, 31.1% in livestock meat) higher than those of PFOS (2.2% in eggs, 4.4% in livestock meat). The total average exposure to PFAS through the consumption of these three animal-derived food categories for the population over 3 years old in Chongqing was 6.75-32.81 ng/(kg·week). The average exposure levels of PFOA, PFOS, and Σ₄ PFASs (PFOA, PFOS, perfluorohexane sulfonic acid, and perfluorononanoic acid) did not exceed the tolerable weekly intake (TWI) recommended by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). However, at high contamination levels of PFAS, the exposure levels of Σ₄ PFASs for children aged 3-5 and 6-11 ranged from 5.84 to 7.09 ng/(kg·week), which exceeded the TWI Σ₄ PFASs by 32.7%-61.1%.

PFAS were detected in all three categories of animal-derived foods in Chongqing, with eggs contributing the most. The average PFAS exposure from these foods for individuals over 3 years old do not pose a health risk, but high PFAS contamination presents a certain health risk to young children in Chongqing.

To explore the short-term effects of personalized nutritional support on serum albumin (ALB) levels in middle-aged and elderly patients using real-world data and multiple factors.

A retrospective study was conducted on patients aged 50 and above who were at nutritional risk in the nutrition consultation cases at the Second People’s Hospital of Chengdu from August 2020 to June 2024. Clinical data and laboratory test results were collected, and patients were grouped according to different nutritional intervention methods. The ALB decline of patients after 1week of nutritional intervention was analyzed, and the impact of different nutritional intervention methods on ALB decline was evaluated using a logistics regression model.

A total of 1 136 patients were included in the study, with 627 patients showing a decrease in ALB and 509 patients showing no decrease in ALB. Univariate analysis revealed statistically significant differences in age, tube feeding, nutritional intervention methods, chronic kidney disease, cerebral infarction, other site infections, and tumor morbidity. Multivariate analysis was conducted with the dietary guidance group as the control group. Oral nutritional supplementation (OR=0.683, 95%CI: 0.500-0.933), personalized nutritional support intervention (OR=0.409, 95% CI: 0.279-0.601), and other site infections (OR=0.776, 95% CI: 0.607-0.994) were protective factors for ALB decline; Tube feeding (OR=1.766, 95% CI: 1.317-2.369) and cerebral infarction (OR=1.866,95% CI: 1.424-2.444) are risk factors for the decline of ALB.

Personalized nutritional support can effectively prevent the decline of serum albumin in middle-aged and elderly hospitalized patients, and has potential clinical value.