In order to analyze the instability and failure characteristics of earthquake landslides in the Loess Plateau, the Xinbaocun landslide induced by the 8.5-magnitude Haiyuan earthquake in 1920 was taken as an example. Based on satellite remote sensing interpretation and field investigation of landslides, the original terrain of the Xinbaocun landslide before sliding was restored using the numerical simulation function of MATLAB based on the principle that the volume of the landslide body before and after sliding is equal. On this basis, the numerical simulation method was used to analyze the instability, deformation and failure characteristics of the Xinbaocun landslide under the action of earthquakes and invert the minimum horizontal ground motion of the slope instability. The landslide restoration results show that after the restoration of the Xinbaocun landslide, the slope surface shape is generally concave, and the slope distribution range is 12°~18°.The numerical simulation results show that under natural conditions, the slope deformation of the restored landslide is small, there is no obvious plastic deformation zone,the stability is good, and the overall stability coefficient is 1.355. Under the action of earthquake, when the input earthquake motion is 0.4g, the stability coefficient is 0.887, the slope is in an unstable and damaged state, and the slope body has a large area of deformation. The maximum deformation area is located near the top of the slope,and gradually decreases from the top to the foot of the slope. It is speculated that the landslide is a push-type landslide. The inversion results show that the minimum horizontal earthquake motion for slope instability is 0.36g. The research results of this paper can provide certain basic data and reference for the prevention and control of earthquake disasters in the Loess Plateau.

In order to enrich and improve the geohazard-pregnant mechanism of structural mélange, taking the North Lancang River suture zone as an example, the structural petrology characteristics of the structural mélange were dissected, then the physical and mechanical characteristics were identified through field geological investigation and laboratory test analysis, and finally its geohazard effect were revealed. The results show that the tectonic mélange in the northern Lancang River suture zone is sandwiched between granite and granite gneiss on the southwest and volcano-sedimentary rocks on the northeast as a non-abutment layer. The main rock types are phyllite and slate with a small amount of basalt, limestone and siliceous rock blocks, showing obvious “hybrid accumulation” characteristics. Under the coupling process of tectonic uplift, differential weathering and river erosion, it gradually evolved into a mountain deep canyon landform, which is the topographic basis for the development of geohazard. In terms of structural petrology, the structural mélange in the North Lancang River suture zone shows the characteristics of “one weak and three strong”, that is, weak metamorphism, strong deformation, strong alteration and strong orientation, which leads to serious deterioration of rocks and is the source basis of geohazard. In terms of physical and mechanical properties, the tectonic mélange appears as a set of easy to slip soft rock “formation”, rich in clay minerals, with high porosity and water absorption, low compressive and shear strength, which provides structural conditions for the development of geohazards. Tectonic activity and tectonic stress are strong in the North Lancang River suture zone, which provides dynamic conditions for the development of geohazards. The research results are conducive to further enriching and improving the geohazard breeding mechanism of tectonic mélange.

Exploring the spatiotemporal evolution of FVC(fractional vegetation cover) in the East Pamirs Plateau and the driving mechanisms of FVC by the driving forces, providing scientific data support and reference for vegetation protection in the study area. Based on Landsat remote sensing image data, meteorological data, DEM (digital elevation model)data and other data in 1993, 2000,2007,2014 and 2021, pixel dichotomous model, Markov transition model, spatial auto-correlation analysis and geodetector were used to research on the spatiotemporal evolution and detection driving forces of vegetation coverage in the East Pamirs Plateau. Results show as follows. The FVC in the East Pamirs Plateau is exhibiting a fluctuating upward trend, in terms of spatial distribution, is overall characterized by “higher in the east, lower in the west and extremely low in the medium”. The spatial autocorrelation analysis of vegetation coverage in the East Pamirs Plateau from 1993 to 2021 showed a significant positive spatial autocorrelation, with the global Moran's index of FVC 0.27~0.40. Local spatial autocorrelation shows that the vegetation coverage in local areas is dominated by low-low aggregation and high-high aggregation. Factor detection results showed that the explanatory power (q) of various driving factors on the spatial heterogeneity of vegetation coverage in the study area fluctuated to varying degrees from 1993 to 2021, with land use and DEM were the main driving factors of FVC in the East Pamirs Plateau. Results of the interaction detection showed that the influence of interaction between driving factors is greater than that of a single driving factor, and the interaction results are all enhanced.

In order to summarize the distribution characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes and syndrome elements in chronic kidney diseases (CKD). The studies related to TCM syndromes in patients with CKD were searched for in CNKI, WANFANG DATA, VIP, SinoMed, Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane Library from the inception dates to August 21th, 2024, and extracted the relevant information. WPS Excel was used to count the frequency of basic characteristics, syndrome types, and syndrome elements in the literature for establishing a database. The distribution characteristics of syndrome elements were explored by association rule analysis and systematic clustering techniques within data mining. The results show that a total of 126 articles are enrolled, including 45 382 patients with CKD. There are 129 TCM syndrome types and 37 syndrome elements (23 disease nature elements and 14 disease location elements). There are 7 syndrome element combinations types. The 6 common TCM syndrome types of CKD with a composition ratio ≥5% are spleen and kidney qi deficiency syndrome, blood stasis syndrome, damp-heat syndrome, damp turbidity syndrome, qi and yin deficiency syndrome, and spleen and kidney yang deficiency syndrome. Disease nature elements: 16 substantial and 7 insubstantial syndrome elements are included. The 6 disease nature elements with a composition ratio ≥5% are qi deficiency, dampness, yin deficiency, blood stasis, heat, yang deficiency. There are 61 syndrome element combinations types of disease nature elements, with 7 combinations with a composition ratio ≥5%, which are: qi deficiency, blood stasis, dampness + heat, yang deficiency, dampness, yin deficiency, and a combination of qi deficiency + yin deficiency. Disease location elements: the 3 disease location elements with a composition ratio ≥5% are kidney, spleen, and liver. There are 23 syndrome element combinations types with a composition ratio ≥5% are spleen + kidney, kidney, liver + kidney. Syndrome element combinations types: one, two, three, four, five, six, and seven syndrome elements are included, with the two-syndrome element combinations being the most common (46.36%). Correlation analysis indicates that the support for the spleen-stomach is the highest, with the highest confidence in spleen-dampness-heat, meridians-tendons and bones, spleen-fluid retention-qi deficiency, and spleen-stomach-dampness. There are 4 clusters group can be obtained results of the system clustering analysis. It is concluded that the TCM syndromes of CKD is deficienc-excess complex. Spleen-kidney qi deficiency syndrome is the most common syndrome in chronic kidney disease (CKD). The main disease location of CKD are kidney, spleen, and liver. Qi deficiency, dampness, yin deficiency, blood stasis, heat, and yang deficiency are common disease nature elements.

Caragana is the main wind-breaking and sand-fixing vegetation in Inner Mongolia, with a wide planting area and a large area. There is a great demand for harvesting machine in the stubble and harvesting of caragana. Aiming at the problems of high fuel consumption and heavy pollution of traditional caragana harvester, the maximum speed, maximum gradient and pure electric driving range of the extended range hybrid caragana harvester designed by our research group were used as the objective functions to design the dynamic parameters. Firstly, according to the design parameters and performance requirements of the whole machine, the parameters of the range extender, drive motor and battery of the harvester were designed. Combined with the actual working parameters, AVL/Cruise software was used to simulate and find the optimal solution of the overall performance index. Combined with the actual working parameters, AVL/Cruise software was used to simulate and find the optimal solution of the overall performance index. The reasonableness of the simulation results is verified by the field test of the whole machine. Comparing the two results, it is found that the error of the maximum speed is 9.012% and the climbing error is 6.404%. The error of the two results is within the allowable range. The results show that the simulation model is reasonable and can provide reference for the optimization of dynamic parameters of the extended range hybrid Caragana harvester.

In order to solve the problem of unbalanced ratio of excavation and anchor and the difficulty of single transportation in fully mechanized excavation roadway, a cooperative anchor truck for fully mechanized excavation roadway was designed. Based on ADAMS, the kinematics model of the cooperative anchor truck was established, and the trajectory planning of the efficient support operation was carried out. The mechanical characteristics and ultimate support distance of each leg during the forward movement of the supporting device and the supporting monomer were analyzed. The results show that during the forward movement of the supporting monomer, when the four legs are fully supported, the force and moment of the front leg increase by 196% and 195% respectively, and the force and moment of the rear leg decrease from 73.5 kN and 238 kN · m to 0 respectively. The limit distance of the support is 15.3 m, which meets the design requirements of the support. When the three legs are supported and the right rear leg is not supported, the force and torque of the left front leg are increased by 566% and 572% respectively, and the force and torque of the left rear leg are reduced from 145 kN and 462 kN · m to 0 respectively. The constant force and torque of the right front leg are 150.8 kN and 569.4 kN · m, and the limit distance is 14.99 m. It can be seen that under the special working condition of three-leg support and no support for the right rear leg, the limit distance of the cooperative transport anchor vehicle exceeds the maximum length of the roadheader, which meets the requirements of efficient support.

The double bottom blowing lead smelting is a representative kind of oxygen-enriched enhanced molten pool smelting process. Comparing with the traditional ore lead smelting,its production operation is more complex for coprocessing lead based solid waste. In order to ensure its production status in a stable and economic state, there are higher requirements for its process control. MetCal desk metallurgical computing platform was used to establish a calculation model for the double bottom blowing lead smelting process for coprocessing lead based solid waste through the principles of material balance, thermal balance and chemical balance in the smelting process. The process parameters of the double bottom blowing lead smelting process for coprocessing lead based solid waste were simulated and calculated. Meanwhile, the model was modified and controlled by the feedback control algorithm to make it more in line with the actual production situation, which can provide guidance for the actual production operation of the process engineers and realize the optimal control of the process.

CO₂ flooding is one of the most effective technical means to improve the recovery of low permeability reservoirs. However, the injected CO₂ will cause asphaltene precipitation in crude oil, resulting in the decrease of reservoir permeability and the change of reservoir heterogeneity. In order to clarify the effect of asphaltene differential precipitation on the heterogeneity of low permeability reservoirs under different pressure conditions, a low permeability reservoir in Jilin Oilfield was taken as the research object. Through the CO₂ long core displacement experiment, the CO₂ displacement characteristics under different pressures were clarified. At the same time, combined with the test results of crude oil and core properties, the changes of crude oil asphaltene content and reservoir properties before and after displacement under different pressure conditions were analyzed, and the distribution law of asphaltene precipitation was further clarified. The results show that under immiscible conditions, the degree of crude oil recovery is low, only 55.11%. The asphaltene precipitation increases first and then decreases with the increase of displacement distance. CO₂ mainly displaces the large pore throat crude oil, and the asphaltene precipitation also mainly occurs in the high permeability area, thus inhibiting the reservoir heterogeneity. Under miscible conditions, the degree of crude oil recovery is high, up to 81.84%. Asphaltene precipitation increases with the increase of displacement distance. CO₂ can displace small pore throat crude oil. Asphaltene precipitation occurs in high permeability and low permeability areas, but low permeability areas are greatly affected, and reservoir heterogeneity is further strengthened.

The silica with the highest content in sandstone was taken as the main research object. The SiO₂ surfaces underwent hydroxyl (—OH) and methyl (—CH₃) treatments to represent the hydrophilic and hydrophobic walls, respectively. LAMMPS software was utilized to implement molecular dynamics simulations and replicate the process of supercritical CO₂ extraction of crude oil components. The results indicate that the temperature is 333.15 K and the pressure is 20 MPa. The hydroxylated silica surface extracted 5.07% more saturated hydrocarbon molecules using supercritical CO₂ compared to the methylated silica surface. The interaction energy between the oil components and the two wall surfaces is mutually attractive. The interaction energy of saturated hydrocarbon molecules decreases by 77.52% for hydroxylated silica surface and 46.04% for methylated silica surface, respectively. Additionally, the interaction energy of methylated silica on saturated hydrocarbon is greater than that of the hydroxylated silica surface.It is important to note that carbon dioxide easily extracts saturated hydrocarbons with short molecular chains. The diffusion coefficients of crude oil components under two surface conditions are saturated hydrocarbons > resins > aromatic hydrocarbons > asphaltenes.

Gas storage operations can be significantly impacted by abnormal wellbore temperatures at natural gas storage sites. Accurately predicting wellbore temperatures is of paramount importance for enhancing the safety and efficiency of these operations. Based on the analysis of operational parameter correlations, a gas storage wellbore temperature prediction method was proposed using advanced spatiotemporal graph convolutional neural network (A-SGCN). Both GCN and long short-term memory (LSTM) networks were employed by A-SGCN to capture spatial and temporal dependencies, respectively. Based on this framework, an adaptive residual attention mechanism was incorporated to effectively capture the intricate relationships between spatiotemporal data, ultimately enabling accurate temperature prediction. The effectiveness of the method is validated through its application at the Huangcaoxia gas storage No.2 injection-production station. Accurate prediction of wellhead temperature at Well No.1 is achieved through the association of monitoring parameters between Well No. 1 and Well No.6.