Based on the provincial panel data from 2011 to 2022, the principal component analysis and PVAR model were used to empirically test the evolution of the dynamic relationship between digital economy, human capital agglomeration and regional income gap. The results show that there is a dynamic two-way reciprocal relationship between human capital agglomeration and regional income gap, and regional development is promoted in a coordinated manner. The substitution effect between the digital economy and human capital factors is dominant, and the development of the digital economy is not conducive to the accumulation of regional human capital in the short term, which in turn widens the income gap between local and developed regions. In the long run, although the development of the digital economy still squeezes out human capital, it can narrow the regional income gap with its sharing and spatial spillover effect.

With the development of information technology, digital economy, as a new economic growth point, profoundly affects the global industrial layout and development direction. The connotation and measurement of industrial structure transformation and upgrading in the context of digital economy were discussed, the main dilemmas faced in the process of promoting industrial structure upgrading by digital economy was analyzed, and the main paths of digital economy-driven industrial structure upgrading was summarized, including promoting technological upgrading and innovation, strengthening financial support and deepening, optimizing the allocation of talents and resources, perfecting the policy and market guidance, as well as implementing differentiated industrial policy.

In practical operation, GIS mechanical failure is a major cause of accidents. In recent years, the proportion of accidents caused by mechanical failures has gradually increased. However, there are few reports in existing research on the specific process of mechanical failures, how to effectively handle such failures, and how to prevent accidents caused by them. A chain accident caused by a mechanical failure of a GIS equipment isolation switch was introduced. Taking the chain accident of two consecutive trips and two main transformers losing power in sequence caused by mechanical problems of the isolation knife switch in the GIS composite electrical equipment of a 110 kV substation as an example, through the investigation and analysis of the operating mode, protection action, and unpacking inspection results before the GIS fault, the occurrence process of this accident was depicted, and the analysis results of this accident were given. Corresponding rectification suggestions are proposed, providing a typical basis for the production, installation and operation of GIS equipment.

Scientific data management policy plays an important role in standardizing data management and promoting scientific research innovation. The quantitative analysis of the current policy is helpful to provide reference for the formulation and improvement of relevant policies in the future. A four-dimensional analysis framework covering policy objectives, policy tools, policy themes and governance fields was constructed, and a variety of text analysis methods were comprehensively adopted to carry out a cross-dimensional and multi-dimensional comparative analysis of relevant policy texts. The results show that China has established a relatively perfect scientific data management policy system, but there is still room for improvement. In the future, policy objectives can be further optimized, policy contents can be refined, the design of implementation supervision mechanism can be strengthened, the application of demand-oriented policy tools and the synergy of policy tools can be enhanced.

The traditional agricultural product supply chain traceability system suffers from issues such as the lack of coordination between on-chain and off-chain data, the mismatch of consensus mechanisms and the poor security of traceability data. These problems fail to meet the overall traceability requirements of the agricultural product supply chain and pose higher demands on traceability schemes and technologies. Therefore, based on the current research on blockchain in agricultural supply chain traceability, it aims to establish an agricultural supply chain traceability system with the physical layer, core layer, data layer, and application layer as the overall framework by leveraging blockchain technology and integrating the hierarchy and operation process of the agricultural supply chain. It focuses on enhancing the overall efficiency of blockchain traceability, constructing the blockchain security guarantee system, and improving the blockchain privacy protection technology. Through the above research, the technical innovation direction is offered for China’s agricultural product supply chain traceability, the continuous maturation of blockchain technology and its application are promoted, and innovative thoughts are provided for improving the coordinated development level of China’s agricultural product supply chain, the efficiency of agricultural product quality and safety management, and the quality of agricultural product supply chain traceability.

It is of great significance to study the overall status and development direction of China’s coal mine intelligent technology for enterprise technology research and development and policy formulation. Taking the patent of intelligent technology in coal mine as the research object, the LDA theme model was used to carry out research and predict the development trend from the aspects of patent measurement and technical theme. The main results show that the intelligent technology of coal mines in China is in the development stage. Patents are divided into 10 technical topics, among which “intelligent mining face” has the largest number of patent applications and continues to increase, which is a hot spot for R&D. “Disaster prevention and control” “intelligent transportation dispatching system” “intelligent video surveillance system” “intelligent centralized control system” “intelligent algorithm”patent applications are relatively large, “geological monitoring” “gas and coal dust monitoring”are growing rapidly, and the development prospects of the above technologies are good. The number of applications for “information infrastructure” is small and has not changed significantly, and the number of applications for “mining special robots” is low, and the R&D and application capabilities need to be improved urgently.

With the continuous improvement of infrastructure, the issue of internal damage in the semi-rigid base layer structure of heavy traffic highways is becoming increasingly prominent. Particularly, the maintenance and reinforcement of semi-rigid base layers represent one of the urgent challenges that need to be addressed. Based on the South China Expressway project, the effectiveness of semi-rigid base layer grouting reinforcement was investigated. Five different grouting materials were used to treat the internal structure of the road surface. Three-dimensional ground penetrating radar and a falling weight reflectometer were combined to assess changes in internal damage and load-bearing capacity before and after grouting. Simultaneously, a evaluation system was constructed to assess the internal structure of the road surface treated with grouting,and analyze which grouting material achieves the best reinforcement effect based on indicators such as crack reduction coefficient(CRC), carrying capacity improvement coefficient(CIC) and repair uniformity coefficient(RUC). After evaluation, the grouting reinforcement effectiveness on the internal structure of the road surface by the five grouting materials is as follows: high-strength polymer(with waterproofing agent)>high-strength polymer(without waterproofing agent)>low-strength polymer(with waterproofing agent)>geopolymer>low-strength polymer(without waterproofing agent).

With the continuous innovation of agricultural modernization and digitalization technologies, the construction of digital agriculture has become a core topic for agricultural development. Based on the sample data of 31 provincial models(due to the lack of data, the statistical data mentioned here do not include the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan Province)from 2011 to 2022 in China, the entropy weight method was used to measure the index of China’s digital agriculture construction level and an empirical analysis was conducted to verify the impact of fiscal support for agriculture on digital agriculture construction. Furthermore, the mechanism of how the agricultural technological environment affected digital agriculture construction was explored and the threshold effect of urbanization rate was examined. The study finds that fiscal support for agriculture can significantly promote the level of China’s digital agriculture construction, and this conclusion holds in various robustness tests. Moreover, the agricultural technological environment positively moderates the development of digital agriculture in China. The exploratory analysis shows that fiscal support for agriculture has a particularly significant promotion effect on the digital agriculture construction of the eastern region. The threshold effect analysis reveals the differential impact of urbanization rate on digital agriculture construction. The interactive relationship and future trend between fiscal support for agriculture and digital agriculture construction are summarized, and development suggestions of strengthening policy coordination, promoting technological innovation, and promoting deep integration of agriculture and digitalization are put forward, aiming to provide reference and guidance for the sustainable development of China’s agriculture.

At present, the scale of China-ASEAN trade cooperation has expanded, and its impact on China’s carbon emissions should not be underestimated. The LMDI method was used to study China’s carbon emissions from 2013 to 2022 using China-ASEAN trade as an influencing factor. The results show that the energy carbon emission intensity effect, the import trade effect of China and ASEAN, the economic development level effect, the terms of trade effect and the population size effect are the factors that promote carbon emissions. The energy intensity effect and the counter-effect of China-ASEAN export trade are the factors that inhibit carbon emissions. In order to reduce the impact of various factors on carbon emissions, it is necessary to optimize the industrial structure, develop and use energy-saving technologies, improve the terms of trade between the two sides and optimize import trade.

Green finance can provide financial support and guarantee for the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry. A panel fixed-effect model was constructed based on the provincial panel data from 2007 to 2022, with the objective of analyzing the impact of green finance on the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry. The empirical results demonstrate that green finance plays a pivotal role in facilitating the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry. Green technology innovation serves as a partial intermediary between green finance and manufacturing transformation, indirectly promoting the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry. Additionally, the impact of green finance on manufacturing transformation exhibits regional heterogeneity.