DARPA, as an incubator of disruptive technologies, plays an important role in the scientific and technological innovation of the US military. The research on DARPA RDT&E budget can provide an important basis for understanding the development direction and trend of US defense technology. This paper explored frontier technology innovations of the US military by analyzing the budgets from FY 2014 to FY 2023. The results show that (1) the focus of the budget has shifted from basic research to advanced technology development, (2) the budget shows a trend of continuously arranging frontier technologies, promoting the demonstration and verification of new technologies, and helping the construction of the "mosaic warfare", and (3) microelectronics, artificial intelligence, communication and network, and biotechnology have been the key research areas of DARPA in the past two years.

Under the guidance of the spirit of openness, it is of great importance to strengthen the deployment, investment and guidance in the field of open source, and to build an appropriate governance system based on the source code or hardware design information for the development of digital economy. This paper analyzes the basic logic of the development of open source, and expounds the international experiences in promoting the development of open source from the aspects of research and development support, demand-side policies supply, and ecological construction. On this basis, this paper studies the current situation of open source development in the United States from a comparative perspective, and holds that the United States has a relatively high voice in the field of open sources. It is claimed that, we should insist on the“integration into the world, independent open source”, clarify the restriction boundaries based on foreign open source platforms, explore open source development strategies, increase research support for collaboration, carry out open source deployment pilots and establish a security assessment framework, and complement the shortcomings of open source ecological construction.

Post-quantum cryptography is a new generation of cryptography technology for defending quantum computer attacks. It is regarded as a reliable alternative to traditional cryptography systems, and relevant international standards are gradually emerging. This paper briefly describes the development of post-quantum cryptography, and analyzes the latest development, mathematical principles and characteristics of current algorithm research. On this basis, the analysis is carried out from the three levels of algorithm, hardware architecture, and specific circuit implementation. Then we indicate key technologies that future research needs to overcome, such as efficient hardware implementation, dynamic reconfigurability, side channel attack defense, and secure SoC integration. Moreover, the low-power post-quantum cryptographic chip, the high-performance post-quantum cryptographic chip and core modules such as hashing, random sampling, operation acceleration and logic processing in the chip are described in detail. Finally, we summarize the application status and research value of the current chip implementation in terms of efficient IP design for core circuits, multi-scenario application compatibility, multiple defense mechanisms, and information infrastructure integration, and cover the future development trend of industrialization and diversification. By studying the post-quantum cryptography algorithm and its key technologies, then exploring efficient chip design and implementation methods, it is conducive to promoting the research on the theory and application of public key cryptosystems against quantum attacks, and provides guarantee for China's information security strategy in the quantum era.

The rapid development of deep learning raises a massive demand for computing power. However, traditional siliconbased chips based on the von Neumann architecture with physically separated memory and computing units, are facing critical issues such as the "memory wall", and hence the increase of chip computing power is gradually hitting a bottleneck. To address this problem, researchers have been inspired by the working mechanism of biological brain and proposed a computing-inmemory architecture based on memristors. This novel architecture is expected to achieve several orders of magnitude improvement in energy efficiency and speed over the von Neumann architecture for tasks such as artificial neural networks. It is one of the most promising technologies to achieve ultra-low power consumption and ultra-high computing power. This article first reviews the working mechanisms of various types of memristors, and summarizes the latest device research internationally. Then, the progress on application demonstrations of memristor-based computing-in-memory chips such as neural networks, signal processing, and machine learning are reviewed. The current challenges in this field and further research directions are concluded in the end.

Superconducting quantum is one of the leading candidates in the race to build a quantum computer and multi-layer stacking may be the best solution for the superconducting qubits extending. This paper briefly introduces the characteristics of through silicon via (TSV) filling technology in superconducting quantum chips, and expounds and analyzes various filling technology schemes. The full-filling technologies, represented by electroplating and metal melt filling, have the advantages of high reliability and low overall process complexity but poor compatibility with semiconductor technology. The partial-filling technologies, represented by physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition, atomic layer deposition and fast atomic sequential technique, have the advantages of good compatibility with semiconductor technology, but low reliability and high process complexity. And the new materials electroplating processes may be one promising solution in the future.

In the context of the Sino-US game and the new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation, automotive chip has become a key element to ensure the safe development of China's automobile industry. The development of China's automotive chip industry is faced with difficulties, such as low level of technology, weak core technology competitiveness, lack of high-end products, and small scale of professional talents. In view of the above problems, this paper uses the five-helix innovation theory to analyze the challenges and opportunities of the automotive chip industry, and puts forward an automotive chip R&D route for China centered on further improvement of the innovation system, making full use of the advantages of the new national system, strengthening the training and introduction of talents, and the establishment of adaptation standards. It helps improve the design level and manufacturing capacity of China's automobile chips, and realize the autonomy of China's automobile chips, with a view to occupying a place in the global market.

Imine Covalent Organic Frameworks (Imine COFs) are a kind of porous organic crystal materials formed by the condensation of aromatic amines and aromatic aldehydes according to the Schiff-base reaction principle. Imine COFs have become the most widely studied COFs materials in recent years due to their advantages of large specific surface area, high porosity, easy functionalization and strong designability. The latest research progress of Imine COFs materials in recent years is reviewed from the aspects of design, synthesis methods and applications. Based on the current status of this field, the existing difficulties in the progress of novel COFs material construction and industrial applications are outlined, and future research trends are proposed, including optimizing the synthesis methods, exploring the conditions for industrial applications, developing multifunctional composite nano-Imine-COFs, and emphasizing the fundamentals of the materials' physicochemical properties, in order to provide ideas for the in-depth research and practical application of Imine COFs materials.

At present, environmental pollution and energy shortage are becoming increasingly serious, and the automobile industry is also moving in the direction of energy conservation and environmental protection. In order to promote the research on the power performance and fuel economy of hybrid electric vehicles, this paper briefly analyzes the working principle of the lithium-ion battery and the factors affecting the life of the lithium-ion battery, summarizes the research status of different methods for predicting the remaining life of the lithium-ion battery and analyzes their advantages and disadvantages. According to the working mode of hybrid electric vehicles, the working mechanism of energy control management strategies are briefly explained, and the development status of energy control management strategies based on rules, optimization and artificial intelligence is described respectively. The influence of battery life control management strategy on vehicle economic performance is discussed. According to the relevant literature analysis, it is found that the battery life prediction method combining multiple methods is more superior, and the energy control management strategy considering battery life has a better effect on improving the fuel economy of hybrid electric vehicles. The problems of battery life prediction and energy control management strategies for hybrid electric vehicles are summarized and the future development direction is forecasted.

Iron tailings are one kind of the largest existing solid wastes in China, and their stockpile is still growing rapidly. On the one hand, the pile of iron tailings not only occupies a large amount of land resources, but also has different degrees of environmental pollution and safety hazards; on the other hand, iron tailings are also a kind of valuable resources, and their reasonable comprehensive utilization can realize the transformation of waste into treasure, and also can achieve the maximum benefit and avoid harm. Therefore, it is necessary and urgent to carry out research on the resource utilization of iron tailings. Based on an in-depth analysis of the current situation of iron tailings utilization, this paper proposes feasible suggestions, such as strengthening the management of iron tailings resource utilization and providing technical guarantee for the development and utilization of iron tailings, strengthening the research on the high value-added resource utilization of iron tailings in mining enterprises and exploring new ways to increase the efficiency of iron tailings resources; attracting social capital to invest in the treatment and ecological restoration of iron tailings reservoirs, and so on.

Mine intelligent robot is an important support for realizing intelligent mine construction. The relevant policy, technology development and application of mine intelligent robot in China are summarized. The six characteristics of mine intelligent robot, such as intelligent perception, precise operation, real-time location, intelligent management and control, intelligent decision and fault diagnosis, and the connotation of mine intelligent robot are summarized. This paper analyzes the problems faced by intelligent robot in mines from the aspects of key core technology, data standards and personnel training, etc., and it is suggested that the support and cultivation of enterprises should be strengthened from the aspects of policy support, independent research and development of technology, personnel support and standard setting, so as to create a good ecological environment for intelligent robots, and to promote the high-quality development of mine intelligent robot. It also contributes to the personnel reduction, efficiency improvement, safety and green development of China's mining industry.

In order to deepen the understanding of the mechanism and process of coal and gas outburst, the correlation between coal and gas outburst and geological structure is studied in combination with literature review and case analysis. Then the influence of geological structure on outburst control factors is analyzed from three aspects of stress, gas and coal attributes. Finally, the geological tectonic process is considered as the incubation stage of the outburst, and the research direction of outburst mechanism and prevention methods in future is puts forward. The results show that geological structure not only changes the stress and gas environment of coal seam, but also changes the geometric shape of coal seam and physical structure of coal. The influence of coal physical structure change in geological structure area on outburst should be paid enough attention to. Taking the geological structure process into the outburst preparation stage, the geological structure process refers to the process of tectonic movement changing the stress and gas occurrence state of the original coal seam and the physical structure transformation of the coal seam. Based on the geological information of outburst, the formation and characteristics of tectonic coal, and the internal relationship between outburst and tectonic coal, the research directions of coal and gas outburst mechanism and prevention methods are summarized.

At present, DC transmission is developing toward high voltage and large capacity technology. Its advantages in longdistance transmission, cross-region networking and flexible dispatch are becoming more and more obvious, but at the same time, abnormal outage of DC system caused by critical equipment failure of converter station has a greater impact on power system. Therefore, it is of great significance to enhance the perception of critical DC equipment, to predict and handle the faults of critical DC equipment in advance, to reduce abnormal outage of DC system and to improve power supply reliability. Taking the multi-protocol wireless data of Ningxia State Grid converter station as an example, an improved particle swarm algorithm based on the gray wolf algorithm is proposed. The experimental results show that the particle swarm-wolf algorithm can more accurately predict the monitoring data of the converter station, reduce the prediction error, and provide a basis for the operation and maintenance of the converter station in the future.