A series of xBi₂O₃-AlPO₄-SiO₂ glasses (0≤x≤0.15) were prepared by a sol-gel process. The local structures of glasses were investigated by magic angle spinning nuclei magnetic resonance (MAS NMR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Based on the ²⁷Al MAS NMR spectra. The results show that trere is Bi-O-Bi connectivity in all these glasses. In addition, the prepared glass is composed of AlPO₄- and SiO₂-nanodomains according to the results of ²⁷Al{³¹P} REDOR, ³¹P{²⁷Al} REAPDOR, ³¹P CT-DRENAR-BABA-xy16, and ²⁹Si MAS NMR. The addition of Bi₂O₃ promotes the increase of AlPO₄ clusters, forming the final phase, and Bi₂O₃ exists both in SiO₂ and AlPO₄ nanodomains.

Phosphor in glass (PiG) is widely used as a fluorescent conversion material for light emitting diode (LED) device packaging. However, for the PiG with a single refractive index (SRIN) structure, the optical loss is large when light transmits from air through PiG to the packaging material due to large refractive index difference between the interfaces. In addition, the sintering temperature of PiG is high, thus reducing the light conversion efficiency of phosphor. To address the problems above, lead-free B₂O₃-ZnO-SiO₂ matrix glass with gradient refractive index structure matching with yellow phosphor was prepared. Also, B₂O₃-ZnO-SiO₂ system fluorescent glass (phosphor in matrix glass with gradient refractive index structure) was prepared via multi-layer screen printing and low-temperature sintering process. The glass was used in LED packaging to improve the optical performance of LED devices.

Chemical etching was used to etch the surface of soda lime silicate glass with TEOS as a precursor to prepare nano-silica particles and CTAB to control the degree of agglomeration, and then the chemically etched glass surface was sprayed with nano-silica particles with different agglomeration degrees to construct a multi-level micro-/nano-structure, which was further modified with PFTS to obtain a superhydrophobic glass surface. The micro-morphology and wettability of the coating were characterized by scanning element microscopy and contact angle measurement. The results show that the prepared glass surface has the superhydrophobic properties, and the water contact angle of 156.13°±2° can still maintain after 50 cycles of rubbing with 600 grit sandpaper. The superhydrophobicity of the glass surface is attributed to a combined effect of the presence of low surface energy substance PFTS and the surface spherical structure, and its better wear resistance is since the rigid micron-scale rough structure of the glass surface and the structure formed by the sprayed nano-scale silica particles on the glass surface are interlaced, thus forming a more wear-resistant micro-/nano-structure.

High silica glass fiber is widely used and has the superior properties. Acid leaching is the main existing method to prepare high silica special glass fiber. In this paper, high silica glass fiber was prepared via acid leaching and heat treatment. The structure of SiO₂-Na₂O binary glass fiber during acid leaching and heat treatment was investigated by Raman spectroscopy. The results show that the bending vibration peak and asymmetric stretching vibration peak shift to a lower wavenumber, and the peak intensity becomes weaker during acid leaching process, mainly because SiO₂ content in the fiber increases and the internal structure of the fiber changes to a chain structure. After heat treatment, the asymmetric stretching vibration peaks disappear, and the defect lines D₁ and D₂ appear, and the density of fibers changes at different heat treatment temperatures, mainly due to the condensation reaction of fiber during heat treatment.

Chalcogenide glasses can be melted in a completely oxygen-free environment, but the effect of trace amount of oxygen on the specific properties of chalcogenide glasses is still a challenge. To investigate the effect of trace-oxide components of Se-H impurities in As-Se glass system, SeO₂ and Ge were introduced for H and O impurities in the multi-processes of dynamic-vacuum distillation. The results indicate that the co-doping of SeO₂ (i.e., 2×10^-3) can lead to the decrease of Se-H content in As₂Se₃ bulk glasses, although As-O and Se-O impurities increase. When the content of SeO₂ increases to 10^-2, the absorbing intensities of As-O and Se-O impurities increase. For the preparation of Ge-As-Se glass with low Se-H impurities, the more content of SeO₂ is needed. The introduction of Ge can weaken the efficiency of SeO₂ for eliminating Se-H impurities. If the Se-H impurities decrease to beyond a detecting limit of the FTIR in Ge-As-Se glasses, the more content of SeO₂ is needed for the compensation. This work provides a method for further clarifying the sources of impurities in chalcogenide glasses and the preparation of low-hydroxy chalcogenide glass fibers.

As-S sulfide glasses with a high optical quality were prepared via purification of high-purity elemental raw materials and chemical distillation of the glass melt. Based on the glasses, a multimode step-index optical fiber was drawn by a rod-in-tube technique. The transmission loss of the fiber was measured, its performance of transmitting high-power mid-infrared laser was characterized, and the laser damage mechanism was analyzed. The results show that the fabricated fiber with a core diameter of~200 μm and a numerical aperture of ~0.35 has transmission losses of ~0.25 dB/m and ~0.35 dB/m at 2 μm and 4.6 μm, respectively. Under effective cooling condition, the fiber can withstand ~120 W incident power of 2 μm continuous wave laser, and deliver transmitted power of ~63 W. According to the theoretical analysis, the damage of the fiber at a high laser power is related to the distribution of nano-sized heterophase inclusions (NHPI) in the core glass. The heat accumulation could occur in the region at a high concentration of NHPI, resulting in the thermal damage of the fiber.

The diameter distribution of high-strength glass fiber (HS2) strands and rovings was analyzed, and the influences of the average fiber diameter and the diameter distribution on the mechanical properties of HS2 glass fibers were evaluated. The results show that the tensile strength of fiber bundles and impregnated rovings decreases with the increase of the diameter when the diameter is >11μm. The tensile strength of unidirection orientated fiber reinforced plastic plates with the fiber diameters of 11-13 μm is not affected by the diameter, and the shear strength decreases with the increase of the diameter. The wide distribution and high variation coefficient (C_v) have an adverse effect on the mechanical properties of the fiber. When the average fiber diameter is 11μm, the roving tensile strength of the diameter with C_v 0.20 is 8% lower than that with C_v 0.15. The diameter distribution can reveal the forming tooling and process, and the process needs to be strictly controlled to refine the highly uniform fibers.

Dual-phases glass ceramics (GCs) containing LiYF₄∶Ln³⁺(Ln=Eu, Tb, Dy) and ZnAl₂O₄∶Cr³⁺ nanocrystals (NCs) were fabricated by a conventional melt-quenching method. The structural and spectrographic characterizations indicate that Ln³⁺ can be doped into LiYF₄ lattice and Cr³⁺ can be introduced into ZnAl₂O₄ lattice, respectively. In this regard, the luminescent centers are physically separated through a spatial isolation strategy, getting rid of adverse energy transfer processes. The dual-modal luminescence of Ln³⁺ and Cr³⁺ can be thus attained simultaneously. Also, optical thermometry based on the fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) of Ln³⁺/Cr³⁺ is performed. Under irradiation upon 377 nm, the FIR value for Tb³⁺∶⁵D₄→⁷F₅ and Cr³⁺∶²E→⁴A₂ transitions varies acutely, with a maximal relative sensitivity of 0.80%·K^-1 at 570 K. The FIR-based optical thermometry for Dy³⁺∶⁴F_9/2→⁶H_13/2 and Cr³⁺∶²E→⁴A₂ transitions is carried out, with a maximal relative sensitivity of 0.86%·K^-1 at 573 K. As a consequence, the dual-phases GCs can be an ideal medium for the spatial isolation of luminescent centers, suppressing an adverse energy transfer process and realizing an efficient dual-mode luminescence. This is beneficial to the application of FIR-based optical thermometry for GC materials.

CsPbI₃ quantum dots doped borosilicate glasses were prepared by a high-temperature melting-heat treatment technology with Cs₂O, PbI₂ and NaI as precursors. According to the results by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy, CsPbI₃ quantum dots are precipitated in the glass substrate. The emission peak and absorption edge appear a red shift, the photoluminescence intensity and quantum yield firstly increase and then decrease, and the photoluminescence decay lifetime of quantum dots gradually increases with increasing the heat-treatment temperature or B₂O₃ concentration. Also, the two-dimensional (2D) network structure in the glass increases, and the mobility of Cs⁺, Pb²⁺ and I^- ions increases with the increase of B₂O₃ concentration, which is beneficial for the precipitation of CsPbI₃ quantum dots and the passivation of surface defect. The tunable red light emission of CsPbI₃ quantum dots doped borosilicate glass could have potential applications in the visible band lasers and white light-emitting diodes (LED).

ZnS:Mn nanocrystals embedded glass has attracted much attention due to the excellent luminescence performance in reddish orange range, high stability and non-toxicity. However, high temperature and long annealing time needed in a conventional melt-quenching method readily cause the volatilization, invalidation and agglomeration of nanocrystals, greatly reducing the luminescence performance. In this paper, ZnS∶Mn nanocrystals embedded glass was prepared via spark plasma sintering (SPS) at 980℃ for 10 min, and the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, electron spin resonance, photoluminescence and fluorescence lifetime analysis. The results show that rapidly sintering at a low temperature is beneficial to avoiding the oxidation of Mn²⁺ and driving Mn²⁺ into the ZnS lattice to realize the effective doping. Also, the generation of defect-related luminescence is suppressed by regulating the composition of ZnS nanocrystals, thereby further enhancing the Mn²⁺ transition luminescence. The ion-doped nanocrystals embedded glass prepared by SPS with the superior performance can be used as a promising solid light convertor in high-power LED devices.