Shape memory alloys （SMAs）， owing to their unique superelasticity and shape memory effect， have been widely utilized as intelligent materials in aerospace， marine engineering， biomedicine， automotive industries， and other fields. With the continuous advancement of national major scientific projects and engineering initiatives， traditional forming technologies have become inadequate to meet the stringent requirements for SMAs structural components in terms of lightweight design， intelligent functionality， multifunctional integration， and superior comprehensive performance. Wire arc additive manufacturing （WAAM） technology demonstrates distinct advantages in the efficient and cost-effective fabrication of medium to large-scale complex metal structures， attributed to its short production cycles， high material utilization rates， and excellent forming performance. This technology effectively addresses issues inherent in conventional forming methods， such as poor forming quality， low strength and toughness， and spatial constraints in forming， thereby greatly meeting the manufacturing requirements for SMAs. However， due to the complex thermal cycling effects in WAAM， the microstructure exhibits defects such as coarse grains， pores， inhomogeneous deformation， and cracks， severely affecting the performance of structural components. This paper comprehensively reviews recent domestic and international research progress on WAAM-processed SMAs， encompassing fundamental characteristics of SMAs， principles and classifications of WAAM， microstructure control， precipitation phases， phase transformation and hysteresis characteristics， defect suppression， superelasticity and shape memory effects， and performance enhancement. Finally， an outlook is provided from the perspective of synergistic control of material-process-microstructure-property， indicating that the deep integration of intelligent， composite， and cross-scale precision control technologies will be the future direction.

Fe-Mn-Al-Ni based shape memory alloys exhibit an extremely low temperature dependence of the critical stress for martensitic transformation and display an ultra-wide superelastic temperature range （from -263 ℃ to 240 ℃）. Therefore， these shape memory alloys show promising applications in aerospace， space exploration， vibration and seismic damping， and other environments with variable working conditions. In this work， the main factors affecting the superelasticity of Fe-Mn-Al-Ni based shape memory alloys are reviewed and prospected. Since the precipitation of the coherent B2 nano-phase plays a key role in the martensitic transformation from non-thermoelastic to thermoelastic in Fe-Mn-Al-Ni-based shape memory alloys. The mechanism by which the coherent B2 nano-phase modulates the martensitic transformation of Fe-Mn-Al-Ni-based shape memory alloys and the related progress of its size regulation are firstly discussed. Since the superelasticity of Fe-Mn-Al-Ni-based shape memory alloys is known to be positively correlated with the grain size， the preparation of single crystals is a prerequisite for achieving excellent superelasticity. Therefore， the single-crystal growth studies of Fe-Mn-Al-Ni-based shape memory alloys in recent years are reviewed. Then， the functional properties of single-crystal Fe-Mn-Al-Ni-based shape memory alloys are summarized. Finally， the further research and development of the Fe-Mn-Al-Ni based shape memory alloys， such as the regulation mechanism of the coherent B2 nano-phase for martensitic transformation， the further development of large-size single crystals， and the improvement of the natural aging and cyclic superelasticity stability， are prospected.

Aiming at the contradiction between the high heat flux density heat dissipation requirement and the confined space of chips in the thin electronic devices， this work proposes a solid-state phase transformation thermal control technology based on the structure transformation of the alloys to meet the efficient heat dissipation requirement of chips in confined space. By comparing the thermal response characteristics of sensible thermal energy storage materials and solid-state phase transformation alloys， the effects of the type， the thickness of thermal energy storage materials and the heating power on the temperature rise behavior of the chip are systematically studied. The experiment results show that the Ti-Ni-based solid-state phase transformation alloys with martensite ↔ austenite structure transformation exhibit significant thermal energy storage advantages benefiting from the synergistic effect of structural sensible heat consumption and latent heat absorption of phase transformation. The thermal energy storage capacity per unit volume of the investigative Ti-Ni-based solid-state phase transformation alloys is 285.4 J·cm^-3， which is 3.9 times and 2.8 times that of the 6061 aluminum alloys and H62 copper alloys， respectively. The test results of the chip in the working conditions show that the application of Ti-Ni-based solid-state phase transformation alloys can reduce the heating rate of the chip by up to 82%， and the time when the temperature of the chip reaches critical temperature is extended by up to 96% and 73% respectively compared with the architectural systems of aluminum-6061 alloys and copper-H62 alloys. The parametric analysis results indicate that the measured time （t_{\mathrm{c}}） when the temperature of the chip reaches critical temperature using the Ti-Ni-based solid-state phase transformation alloys has a quadratic functional relationship （t_{\mathrm{c}}\propto h^{\mathrm{2}}） with the thickness （h） of the thermal energy storage alloy layers， and shows an exponential attenuation law （t_{\mathrm{c}}\propto p^{-\mathrm{1.4}}） with the heating power （p）. The solid-state phase transformation alloys are able to absorb sensible heat through intrinsic specific heat capacity and extend the duration of the slowly rising temperature of the chip through latent heat effect. Both of the two abilities form a dual-mode intelligent thermal control response mechanism of “sensible heat absorption-latent heat buffering” during the heating process. This work confirms that solid-state phase transformation alloys can achieve effective thermal buffering in millimeter-level narrow space， providing a new solution for compact thermal management of miniaturized electronic devices.

NiTi alloy has garnered significant attention due to its unique functional properties， and laser powder bed fusion has become the mainstream additive manufacturing technique for producing NiTi alloy components. However， the surface roughness of as-fabricated parts is generally too high to permit direct assembly and application， and it is difficult to reduce via conventional machining. Laser remelting， as a non-contact surface treatment technique， can modify the surface morphology and microstructure of materials. This work aims to reduce the surface roughness of NiTi alloy fabricated by laser powder bed fusion through laser remelting， and to elucidate its effects on the mechanical and functional properties of the alloy. Based on experimental data， a regression equation relating the laser remelting process parameters to surface roughness is established. The optimal parameter combination is determined through response surface optimization. The differences in mechanical properties and superelasticity of the alloy before and after laser remelting are evaluated， and the underlying mechanisms are analyzed via microstructure characterization. The results show that the optimal parameter combination for laser remelting is a defocusing distance of 175 mm， a spot diameter of 0.1 mm， a pulse frequency of 250 MHz， a laser power of 60.2 W， and a scanning speed of 1966.4 mm/s. After remelting， the roughness of the alloy decreases from 8.04 μm to 0.763 μm， the tensile strength increases from 588 MPa to 656 MPa， and the stable recoverable strain in tensile superelasticity improves from 2.1% to 2.8%. The enhancement in strength can be primarily attributed to grain refinement in the remelted surface layer， while the improved superelastic stability and recoverable strain result from the synergistic effects of grain refinement and the precipitation of Ti₂Ni phase.

Developing shape memory alloys with well-balanced comprehensive elastocaloric performance is essential for advancing solid-state refrigeration technologies. Given the excellent mechanical properties and superelasticity of TiZrMoSn alloys， their crystal structure， martensitic transformation， superelasticity， and elastocaloric effect are systematically investigated. By introducing a textured， coarse-grained microstructure to enhance the elastocaloric response and reduce stress hysteresis， alongside a Mo-alloying strategy to tune the stability of austenite and optimize phase transformation reversibility and critical stress， a TiZrMoSn alloy with superior comprehensive performance is successfully developed. The results show that the Ti₇₆Zr₁₈Mo₃Sn₃ alloy exhibits a dual-state grain structure （columnar and equiaxed grains） with a dominant 〈001〉_A texture. Under a strain of 4.5%， the alloy reaches a maximum superelastic stress of 700 MPa， a critical transformation stress of 211 MPa， and a stress hysteresis of about 100 MPa， demonstrating high-stress superelasticity with low energy dissipation. At room temperature， the alloy exhibits a peak adiabatic temperature change （ΔT_ad） of -7 K， approaching the highest values reported for Ti-based alloys. After 10³ elastocaloric cycles， ΔT_ad only decays by 8%， showing excellent cycling stability. Moreover， the alloy exhibits a wide theoretical working temperature window of up to 220 K， with ΔT_ad remaining stable （≈7.5 K） across the 300-370 K range， highlighting its outstanding temperature stability and broad applicability in elastocaloric refrigeration.

Equiatomic TiNi shape memory alloys reinforced by TiB particle are prepared via vacuum arc melting by introducing MoB powder particles with varying mass fractions. The influences of in situ reaction products on the microstructure， mechanical properties， and shape memory effect of the alloy are systematically investigated. Moreover， the mechanical properties are further optimized by multi-pass cold-rolling and subsequent annealing treatment. The experimental results indicate that the alloy exhibits optimal comprehensive mechanical properties with tensile strength increasing from 461 MPa to 522 MPa and elongation after fracture rising from 4.5% to 8.6%， when the MoB addition amount is 0.1%（mass fraction）. In addition， the alloy maintains a high shape recovery rate of 93.3% under 3% pre-compression strain.The mechanical properties of the alloy are further improved subjected to cold rolling and annealing treatment. For instance， the tensile strength and elongation after fracture respectively increase to 757 MPa and 18.8% after 5 passes of cold-rolling （75% deformation） and annealing， representing increases of 45% and 118.6% compared to the unrolled alloy. Microstructural analysis reveals that the Ti₂Ni precipitate particles are severely fragmented during the rolling process， resulting in reduced particle size. Recovery and recrystallization take place in the deformation zones， with the matrix exhibiting submicron grains， nanoscale martensitic structures， and nanotwins. High-density dislocations are observed both within the matrix and surrounding the TiB particles. Finally， the improved mechanism of the comprehensive mechanical properties of the TiNi alloy is systematically discussed through the evolution of microstructure.

Sodium metal is regarded as one of the most promising anode materials for sodium metal batteries due to its high specific capacity （1166 mAh·g^-1）， low reduction potential （-2.71 V vs. the standard hydrogen electrode）， and low cost. However， unstable solid electrolyte interphase （SEI）， inevitable volume expansion， and uncontrollable dendrite growth have hindered the practical application of sodium metal anodes （SMAs）. Currently， strategies such as electrolyte optimization， current collector design， and artificial SEI construction have been developed to achieve stable SMAs. In this review， the latest strategies adopted in the design of electrolytes， current collectors， and artificial SEI have been systematically summarized. Firstly， the optimization strategies of electrolytes are reviewed， including the optimization of solvents and salts， and additives to regulate the solvation structures to achieve high-performance SEI. Then， the modification strategies of current collectors to regulate sodium deposition behavior are discussed， aiming to achieve uniform sodium deposition， alleviate volume changes， and avoid the formation of dendrites. Moreover， the latest progress in improving the performance of SMAs by artificial SEI layers is systematically reviewed. Finally， the future researches and prospects for high-performance sodium metal batteries are also proposed.

High-performance electromagnetic interference （EMI） shielding materials have consistently been a focal point in the research endeavors related to informatization construction across the globe. MXene， a novel class of layered two-dimensional transition metal carbide/nitride materials， is characterized by its outstanding electrical conductivity， substantial specific surface area， abundant surface functional groups， and exceptional mechanical properties. These features endow it with vast application potential in the realm of electromagnetic protection. Drawing on an introduction to the EMI shielding mechanism and commonly employed EMI shielding materials， this review comprehensively summarizes the current research advancements of MXene-based materials in the field of EMI shielding from three perspectives： electromagnetic synergistic loss， functional integration， and macro-structure design. Moreover， it highlights the immense potential of MXene-based materials in extreme environment applications and multi-functional integration.

MXene， a cutting-edge two-dimensional transition metal carbide/nitride material， has exhibited immense potential for applications across diverse fields. This potential stems from its distinctive layered structure， exceptional electrical conductivity， rich surface chemistry， and adjustable physical properties. This article presents a comprehensive review of the research and application progress of MXene materials in the aviation sector. MXene’s application potential are analyzed selectively in lightweight structures， electromagnetic interference shielding， sensors， energy systems， and thermal management. The article delves into the synthesis methods and structural characteristics of MXene， highlighting their compatibility with the performance requirements of aviation materials. Through tabular presentations and data analysis， it compares the performance disparities between MXene and traditional aviation materials. Meanwhile， this review summarizes the current innovative breakthroughs in the aviation applications of MXene， such as ultra-lightweight composites， self-healing coatings， and multifunctional integrated systems， and expounds on their scientific significance. In light of the challenges encountered in the aviation application of MXene， including scalable production， environmental stability， and cost management， corresponding solutions and development directions are proposed. Finally， based on the current research landscape， the article prospects future development trends for MXene in the aviation field， covering green synthesis processes， intelligent design， and large-scale industrialization routes. This review aims to serve as a valuable reference and guide for in-depth research and engineering application of MXene in the aviation domain.

In recent years， capacitors have become widely utilized as core components in modern electrical equipment and electronic facilities， due to advancements in electric power systems， communication， and the electronic industry. However， film capacitors cannot meet the demand for future device miniaturization due to limitations in energy storage density and temperature resistance. Therefore， the advancement of dielectric materials with high energy storage density is crucial for achieving compact and lightweight dielectric capacitors in the future. This review offers a succinct summary of the research progress in polymer-based film capacitor dielectric materials. It begins by discussing the energy storage materials used in polymer-based film capacitors， including their structural properties， dielectric properties， and energy storage mechanisms. The study focuses on various dielectric materials， such as polypropylene-based， polyimide-based， polyvinylidene fluoride， polystyrene-based， and polytetrafluoroethylene-based. It also includes an analysis and summary of the advantages and disadvantages of each material，which includes the improvement of its energy storage density， the regulation of its temperature resistance， and the optimization of its preparation process. Finally， in view of some existing shortcomings and deficiencies of the current polymer-based film capacitor energy storage materials， the development direction of polymer-based dielectric materials is prospectively discussed.