Full
Outline
Shape memory alloys （SMAs）， owing to their unique superelasticity and shape memory effect， have been widely utilized as intelligent materials in aerospace， marine engineering， biomedicine， automotive industries， and other fields. With the continuous advancement of national major scientific projects and engineering initiatives， traditional forming technologies have become inadequate to meet the stringent requirements for SMAs structural components in terms of lightweight design， intelligent functionality， multifunctional integration， and superior comprehensive performance. Wire arc additive manufacturing （WAAM） technology demonstrates distinct advantages in the efficient and cost-effective fabrication of medium to large-scale complex metal structures， attributed to its short production cycles， high material utilization rates， and excellent forming performance. This technology effectively addresses issues inherent in conventional forming methods， such as poor forming quality， low strength and toughness， and spatial constraints in forming， thereby greatly meeting the manufacturing requirements for SMAs. However， due to the complex thermal cycling effects in WAAM， the microstructure exhibits defects such as coarse grains， pores， inhomogeneous deformation， and cracks， severely affecting the performance of structural components. This paper comprehensively reviews recent domestic and international research progress on WAAM-processed SMAs， encompassing fundamental characteristics of SMAs， principles and classifications of WAAM， microstructure control， precipitation phases， phase transformation and hysteresis characteristics， defect suppression， superelasticity and shape memory effects， and performance enhancement. Finally， an outlook is provided from the perspective of synergistic control of material-process-microstructure-property， indicating that the deep integration of intelligent， composite， and cross-scale precision control technologies will be the future direction.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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