To study the inhibitory effect of Fuzheng Xiao'ai Formula I on colorectal cancer tumors in nude mice from the perspective of intestinal flora.

The CRC nude mouse model was constructed and 20 successfully modeled nude mice were randomLy divided into the model control group and low dose (17.47 g/kg), medium dose (34.94 g/kg), and high dose (69.89 g/kg) groups of Fuzheng Xiao'ai Formula I, with 5 mice in each group. The model control group was gavaged with normal saline, and each dose of Fuzheng Xiao'ai Formula I was gavaged with the corresponding concentration of decoction. After 2 consecutive weeks of intervention, the nude mice were sacrificed, the tumor bodies were completely dissected, and some tumor tissues were taken for HE staining. Based on the tumor weight, volume and pathological results, the medium dose group with better efficacy was screened out. Meanwhile, the cecal contents of this group and the model control group were collected for metagenomic sequencing analysis.

The tumor weight and volume of nude mice in each dose group of Fuzheng Xiao'ai Formula I decreased. HE staining showed that the density of tumor cells in the low, medium, and high dose groups of Fuzheng Xiao'ai Formula I decreased, accompanied by different degrees of necrosis. Metagenomic sequencing showed that compared with the model control group, the abundances of Parabacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium, Clostridium auriscati, and Faecalibaculum rodentium in the medium dose group significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the abundances of Proteus, Citrobacter, Morganella, Enterobacter, Morganella morganii, and Enterobacter hormaechei significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis found that the starch and sucrose metabolism pathway was significantly different between the two groups (P < 0.05), among which α-glucosidase, UTP-glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase, phosphoglucomutase, and maltose α-D-glucosyltransferase were significantly downregulated in this pathway (P <0. 05).

Fuzheng Xiao'ai Formula I repairs the intestinal barrier and maintains the homeostasis of the intestinal environment by increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria and reducing the abundance of harmful bacteria. Down-regulating α-glucosidase in the starch and sucrose metabolism pathway may be a potential way for it to exert anti-colorectal cancer effects.

To observe the protective effect of Bushen Zhuangjin Decoction on cartilage damage in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) rats with kidney deficiency and blood stasis type, and to explore its molecular mechanism.

Seventy female SD rats were divided into 7 groups by a random digital table, with 10 in each. Except the normal group, the others were established kidney deficiency and blood stasis type KOA models. Each 1 rat was selected from the model group and the normal group, which were euthanized to verify successful modeling. Among the others, the positive drug group was given a dose of 5.4 mg/kg of etoposide by gavage. The low, medium, and high dose groups of Bushen Zhuangjin Decoction were given Bushen Zhuangjin Decoction 2.1, 4.2, and 8.4 g/kg by gavage respectively. SB203580 group was orally administered with SB203580 3.0 mg/kg. The model group was given 1 mL/100 g of physiological saline by gavage. The other 10 female SD rats were given an equal volume of physiological saline by gavage (normal group). All lasted for 30 days. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used for detecting tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF)-α, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in joint fluid. Hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the pathological changes of cartilage tissues, and the Mankin scores were compared. Real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) and nuclear transcription factors in various groups of cartilage tissues-κB p65 (NF-κB p65), nucleotide binding oligomerization domain like receptor 3 (NLRP3), and aspartate proteolytic enzyme 3 (Caspase3) gene expressions. Western blotting (WB) was used for detecting p38MAPK and NF-κB p65, NLRP3, Caspase3 protein expressions and p-p38MAPK levels in cartilage tissues.

KOA models of kidney deficiency and blood stasis type were successfully established. The TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 levels of joint fluid, Mankin score, p38MAPK gene, NF-κB p65, NLRP3, Caspase3 expressions and p-p38MAPK in knee cartilage tissues in the model group were all higher than those in the normal group (P <0.01), of which the treatment groups were all lower than the model group (P <0.01), and except for Caspase3 expressions the indexes in the high-dose group of Bushen Zhuangjin Decoction were lower than the SB203580 group (P <0.01), and the effect of Bushen Zhuangjin Decoction was dose-dependent. The cartilage tissue of the model group rats showed severe pathological changes, and the treatment groups all showed relief, and the effects of the low-dose and positive drug groups of Bushen Zhuangjin Decoction, the medium dose group of Bushen Zhuangjin Dectoction and SB203580 group were basically equivalent.

Bushen Zhuangjin Decoction can alleviate the inflammatory response of cartilage tissue in KOA rats with kidney deficiency and blood stasis type, and it is speculated to inhibit p38MAPK/NF-κB pathway achieves this effect.

To investigate the mechanism of rhubarb by activating the PINK1/Parkin pathway to regulate mitophagy and intervene in inflammasome activation to inhibit systemic inflammatory response and protect intestinal structure in sepsis mice.

A total of 40 6-8-week-old C57BL/6J male mice were randomly divided into high-dose rhubarb group, medium-dose rhubarb group, low-dose rhubarb group, sepsis model group and blank group. The high-dose rhubarb group, the medium-dose group, the low-dose group, and the sepsis model group were all modeled by cecal ligation and perforation to establish a mouse model of sepsis, After successful modeling, each dose group of rhubarb was given 0.52 mL/day of rhubarb liquid by gavage every day for 7 days, and on the 8th day, the eyeball blood of mice in each group was collected after successful modeling, serum was prepared, and intestinal tissue was retained; HE staining was used to observe the histopathological changes of intestinal tissue, and the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in serum were detected by ELISA, Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of NLRP3, PINK1, Parkin, LC3I, LC3II in ileal tissues of mice in each group.

HE staining showed that the intestinal mucosal epithelial cell injury was the most serious in the sepsis model group, with multiple ulcers formed, obvious intestinal villi with a large amount of necrosis and large sloughing, accompanied by mucosal bleeding and edema, inflammatory cell infiltration reached the muscularis mucosa, goblet cells were significantly reduced, paneth cells were significantly increased, and inflammatory cells infiltrated into the muscularis mucosa; Compared with the model group, the intestinal mucosal epithelial cell damage, microvilli destruction and inflammatory cell infiltration in the rhubarb group were improved, and the number of goblet cells increased, while the number of paneth cells decreased, and the inflammatory cell infiltration was basically limited to the lamina propria. The serum TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 level in the sepsis model group was significantly increased(P < 0.01), and the serum TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 level in the rhubarb group decreased after treatment(P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The expression levels of NLRP3, PINK1, Parkin, LC3I, LC3II were significantly increased in the intestinal tissues of mice in the sepsis model group(P < 0.01). After treatment, the level of NLRP3 in each dose group of rhubarb decreased(P < 0.01), which was negatively correlated with the dose, and the expression level of PINK1, Parkin, LC3I, LC3II increased to varying degrees(P < 0.05, P <0.01), which was positively correlated with the dose.

By inhibiting the activation of intestinal NLRP3 inflammasomes, rhubarb activates the PINK1/Parkin pathway and increases the degree of mitophagy, thereby reducing the production of systemic inflammatory factors and protecting the intestinal structure.

To establish an HPLC fingerprint of Viola yedoensis using HPLC technology, evaluate the quality of 10 batches of Viola yedoensis combined with cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA), and study its anti-inflammatory mechanism.

A Waters Symmetry C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) was used with a mobile phase of acetonitrile -0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution; flow rate: 0.8 mL·min^-1; injection volume: 10 μL; column temperature: 30 ℃; detection wavelength: 353 nm. The anti-inflammatory effect was observed using the ear swelling method, and the levels of PGE₂, IL -6, and TNF-α in serum were detected.

The HPLC fingerprint of 10 batches of Viola yedoensis was successfully established, with 10 common peaks identified. The similarities were all higher than 0.990. Two common peaks were identified as cichoriin (2.44 ± 1.11) mg·g^-1 and esculetin (10.50 ± 1.57) mg·g^-1. The 10 batches of samples were classified into two categories by chemical pattern recognition methods. The aqueous decoction of Viola yedoensis could inhibit ear swelling in mice and reduce the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and PGE₂ in serum.

This study successfully established the HPLC fingerprint of 10 batches of Viola yedoensis and found that its anti-inflammatory mechanism may be related to the inhibition of TNF-α, IL-6, and PGE₂ expression, providing a scientific basis and pharmacodynamic support for the quality control and clinical application of Viola yedoensis.

The experimental animals were divided into normal rats control group, normal rats Gyps group, hyperlipidemia rats control group, and hyperlipidemia rats Gyps group. The animals in control and Gyps groups were given blank solvent and Gyps for 7 days respectively. On the 8th day, the rats in each groups were given the probe drug (aminopterin). The effect of Gyps on CYP3A2 activity in normal and hyperlipidemic rats was analyzed by detecting blood concentration of probe drug using HPLC method and calculating pharmacokinetic parameters.

Compared with normal rats control group and hyperlipidemia rats control group, AUC, C_max of dapsone increased, t_1/2 was significantly prolonged, and CLz/F significantly decreased both in normal rats Gyps group and hyperlipidemia rats Gyps group (P <0.01). Compared with normal rats control group, AUC of dapsone in hyperlipidemia rats control group significantly increased and the CLz/F significantly decreased (P <0.01). After administration of Gyps, compared with normal rats Gyps group, the increase of AUC and decrease of CLz/F of dapsone in hyperlipidemia rats Gyps group were more significant (P <0.01).

The activity of CYP3A2 enzyme in rats can be inhibited by Gyps. The results suggest that the dosage of drug should be adjusted to avoid the potential risk of herb-drug interactions when Gyps is combined with drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, especially in hyperlipidemia.

To explore the efficacy and influencing factors of intraorbital electroacupuncture in the treatment of diabetic oculomotor nerve palsy.

The clinical data of patients with diabetic oculomotor nerve palsy who received intraorbital electroacupuncture therapy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from January 2020 to November 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic characteristics, ocular motor nerve palsy score, glycosylated hemoglobin, course of oculomotor nerve palsy, course of diabetes, number of treatments, and maximum deflection angle of diplopia in horizontal and vertical directions were extracted from the electronic medical record system. The T test/Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the difference between the cured group and the non-cured group, and the binary logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of the curative effect.

Of the 167 patients, 67 were cured, 96 were effective, and 4 were ineffective. The overall cure rate was 40.1%, and the total effective rate was 97.6%. The symptoms of diplopia were alleviated after treatment. There was a statistically significant difference in the median value of the maximum horizontal (α) and maximum vertical (β) diplopia angle before and after treatment (P <0.001). After treatment, the maximum value of α in 67 cured patients was 6°, and the minimum value was 0°, with a confidence interval of 1.289-2.598. The maximum value of β is 5°, the minimum value is 0°, and the confidence interval is 1.113 ~ 2.462. Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in ocular motor nerve palsy score, glycosylated hemoglobin, treatment times and treatment days between the cured group and the non-cured group (P < 0.05). Regression analysis showed that the number of treatments was an effective protective factor for acupuncture (β =0.050, P < 0.001). Glycosylated hemoglobin was a risk factor (β =-0.248, P = 0.026).

Intraorbital electroacupuncture can effectively improve the symptoms of ptosis, diplopia and eye movement disorder in patients with diabetic oculomotor nerve palsy. The curative effect is positively correlated with the mild degree of oculomotor nerve palsy, stable blood glucose control and sufficient course of treatment.

To provide theoretical basis for basic research and clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine by analyzing the origins and characteristics of the compatibility of the Draconis Os and Ostreae Concha couplet medicinals.

Formulae involving the Draconis Os and Ostreae Concha couplet medicinals were collected and organized from the Chinese Medical Classics. Based on the theory of couplet medicinals compatibility, this study examines and verifies the origin of the Draconis Os and Ostreae Concha couplet medicinals from the perspective of historical application and compatibility mechanisms, and summarizes the usage characteristics including primary indications, dosage ratios, and preparation methods.

A total of 382 formulae containing the Draconis Os and Ostreae Concha couplet medicinals were identified, with applications in the treatment of mental disorders beginning from the Han Dynasty. Numerous classical texts record that this couplet medicinals is commonly used in equal ratios and the preparation methods often include, but are not limited to, fire processing. Historically and in modern clinical practice, this couplet medicinals is widely used across various fields including internal medicine, gynecology, and andrology. Modern research focuses on analyzing the effective components for calming the mind and their clinical therapeutic effects.

The Draconis Os and Ostreae Concha couplet medicinals has a broad clinical application potential, with a long history and rich experience in treating mental disorders. This research can provide valuable insights for modern clinical treatment and basic research in TCM.