Yiyiren(Coicis Semen)is a traditional Chinese medicinal and edible herb,possessed the dual functions of promoting diuresis to drain dampness and tonifying spleen to arrest diarrhea.Yiyiren(Coicis Semen)is rich in many constituents,including fatty acids and esters,polysaccharides,flavonoids,triterpenoids,etc.Among these constituents,polysaccharides are served as a vital material foundation for its therapeutic effects.Currently,the principal extraction methods for Yiyiren(Coicis Semen)polysaccharides include hot water extraction,ultrasonic-assisted extraction,microwave-assisted extraction and flash extraction.The previous research has demonstrated that Yiyiren(Coicis Semen)polysaccharides are rich in a diverse monosaccharide composition,primarily containing glucose,galactose,xylose and mannose.Yiyiren(Coicis Semen)polysaccharides have various biological activities,such as hypoglycemic effect,anti-tumor,anti-inflammation,anti-oxidation,regulating intestinal flora,etc.This article presented a systematic review of recent advances in the extraction,purification,structural characterization and biological activities of Yiyiren(Coicis Semen)polysaccharides domestically and internationally,aiming to provide a scientific reference for further in-depth systematic research and efficient exploitation of Yiyiren(Coicis Semen)polysaccharides.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |