Zhujieshen(Panax japonicus)is a national key second-class protected wild plant with the characteristics of both the northern medicine Renshen(Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma)and the southern medicine Sanqi(Notoginseng Radix Et Rhizoma). Zhuzishen(Panax japonicus var. major),as one of the “Taibai Seven Medicines” with Qinba characteristics,is a wild and precious herb with good efficacy and high price for both medicine and food. However,current studies on Zhujieshen(Panax japonicus)and Zhuzishen(Panax japonicus var. major)mainly focus on medicinal parts,thus ignoring the medicinal value of the above ground parts,resulting in a waste of resources. The above-ground parts of Zhuzishen(Panax japonicus var. major)contain saponins,flavonoids,volatile oils and other chemical components,which have pharmacological activities such as anti-thrombus,anti-cancer,liver protection,anti-inflammatory,analgesic and immunity enhancement,and have broad development prospects. By searching Chinese herbal medicine books and scientific databases such as CNKI,Web of Science,Pub Med,China Traditional Chinese Medicine Database and Chinese Herbal Medicine Plant Network,this paper combed and summarized the chemical composition,pharmacological action and resources exploitation and utilization of non-medicinal parts Zhujieshen(Panax japonicus)and Zhuzishen(Panax japonicus var. major),aiming to provide reference and basis for chemical research,resource value discovery,product development and utilization of non-medicinal parts of Zhujieshen(Panax japonicus)and Zhuzishen(Panax japonicus var. major).
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |