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The purpose of this study was to explore the mechanism of Qingre Jiedu Formula (清热解毒方) against human papillomavirus (HPV), specifically investigating its immunomodulatory effects at the molecular and cellular levels.
At the molecular level, macromolecular interaction analysis was employed to investigate the binding capacity between Qingre Jiedu Formula and HPV virus. The experimental groups were designed as follows. (1) Blank control group: The equal volume of complete medium was added. (2) Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) positive control group (LPS group): The final concentration was 1 μg/mL. (3) Qingre Jiedu Formula groups: There were four concentration gradients (20, 100, 500, 1000 μg/L). At the cellular level, Raw 264.7 and Jurkat cell lines were used, and the expression levels of cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in cell supernatants were measured by RT-PCR.
Qingre Jiedu Formula could bind HPV at the molecular level. The purgative formula had the effect of activating macrophages, enhancing their ability to phagocytose neutrophilic red and promoting the secretion of nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interferon-beta (IFN-β) in macrophages.
Qingre Jiedu Formula exerts anti-HPV effects through two mechanisms, directly binding to the HPV and enhancement of immune cell activity.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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