Full
Outline
Glycosides of Roucongrong (Cistanches Herba) (GCs), as a natural active substance extracted from Roucongrong (Cistanches Herba), show promising applications in the treatment of osteoporosis (OP). In this paper, it reviewed the studies on the mechanisms related to the improvement of OP by GCs. In terms of antioxidant effects, GCs have antioxidant functions, which can scavenge free radicals in the body and reduce the damage of oxidative stress on bones. GCs can inhibit the release of inflammatory mediators and relive inflammatory response, thus reducing the inflammatory response in OP. GCs can promote the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, inhibit osteoclast activity, increase bone density and reduce the risk of fracture. In addition, GCs can directly or indirectly affect osteoblast and osteoclast activity and regulate bone metabolism in vivo by regulating sex hormone levels, regulating the balance of calcium and phosphorus metabolism, etc. GCs can regulate bone metabolism in vivo by regulating the levels of osteoprotegerin (OPG)/receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (GCs). OPG/receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)/receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK), Wnt/β-catenin and other signaling pathways, which inhibit bone resorption and promote bone formation. GCs have shown good therapeutic effects in the treatment of OP, and have good safety and tolerability. GCs have significant therapeutic effects and broad application prospects in improving OP, and in-depth research on the pharmacological mechanism of GCs is of great significance, with a view to finding innovative drugs that are safe and effective in the treatment of OP.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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