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Outline
The incidence and mortality of gastrointestinal tumors are among the highest in China, posing a significant medical burden on society. In search of better therapeutic effects, the treatment of tumors has become increasingly diversified. In recent years, the role of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）in cancer treatment has been explored and developed. Under the guidance of TCMtheory, herbal medicines can enhance the body＇s resistance and remove malign influences to combat tumors. Flavonoids, as one of the main effective components in many herbal medicines, have multiple advantages including multi-target effects, multi-pathway interactions and low toxicity. They can also promote gastrointestinal health and prevent gastrointestinal diseases. Therefore, flavonoids have certain advantages in treating gastrointestinal tumors. Modern research has shown that flavonoids such as baicalin, quercetin, luteolin, isoliquiritigenin and hesperidin can exert anti-tumor effects through various mechanisms including regulating autophagy, pyroptosis, mitochondrial apoptosis, ferroptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition（EMT）, tumor-associated macrophages（TAMs）, microRNA（miRNA）, angiogenesis, metabolic reprogramming and methylation. This paper reviewed recent domestic and international research on flavonoids in the treatment of gastrointestinal tumors, summarized the mechanisms of flavonoids against gastrointestinal tumors, and supported further discussion on the use of flavonoids in gastrointestinal tumor treatment, promoting in-depth research and clinical development of flavonoids.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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