Gualou（Fructus Trichosanthis）has the effects of clearing heat, resolving phlegm, widening the chest and dispersing nodules. Modern pharmacology shows that Gualou（Fructus Trichosanthis）has antioxidant stress, regulates glucose and lipid metabolism, inhibits platelet aggregation and achieves systemic protection of blood glucose regulation and cardiovascular system. It has a good therapeutic effect on cardiovascular disease of diabetes when used alone. It can be used in combination with Xiebai（Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus）, Huanglian（Coptidis Rhizoma）, Banxia（Pinelliae Rhizoma）and Guizhi（Cinnamomi Ramulus）, showing a variety of therapeutic effects. Its related formulae like Xiaoxianxiong Decoction（小陷胸汤）, Gualou Xiebai Banxia Decoction（瓜蒌薤白半夏汤）and Zhishi Xiebai Guizhi Decoction（枳实薤白桂枝汤）can regulate blood lipid metabolism, inhibit inflammatory reactions, improve vascular endothelial function and lower blood sugar levels. This article aimed to systematically review and analyze classical Chinese medicine literature, modern clinical research results and experimental data to provide a detailed overview of the latest research progress on compatibility applications and the related formulae of Gualou（Fructus Trichosanthis）, so as to provide new theoretical support and practical reference for TCMsyndrome differentiation treatment strategy of diabetes and cardiovascular disease, and further excavate and play the unique advantages and value of tri-chosanthes and its compatibility in clinical treatment.