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To investigate the impact of Schisandrol A（SA）on lipopolysaccharide（LPS）-induced and differentiated small intestinal epithelial cell damage in human colorectal cancer Caco-2 cells.
Caco-2 cells were random ly divided into a normal control group（without drug intervention，Con），a model group（0.7 mg·mL-1，LPS）and SA（2.5，5，10 μmol·L-1）dose groups.The cell viability was assessed by the CCK-8 method.The cell apoptosis，cell cycle，mitochondrial membrane potential and intracellular reactive oxygen species（ROS）were detected by flow cytometry.The levels of inflammatory factors in the cell supernatant were measured using ELISA.Oxidative stress was assessed using an enzyme-labeled method.The expressions of proteins related to the NF-κB signaling pathway and apoptosis-related pathways were determined by Western Blot analysis.
The findings indicated that compared with the LPS group，SA at concentrations between 2.5-10μmol·L-1 exhibited a significant protective effect on cells，exhibiting a certain dose-dependent relationship（P<0.01，P<0.001）.It reduced the contents of malondialdehyde（MDA），lactate dehydrogenase（LDH）and ROS（P<0.05，P<0.01，P<0.001），increased the activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD）and GSH（P<0.01，P<0.001），inhibited the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α），interleukin-6IL-6 and interleukin-18（IL-18）（P<0.05，P<0.01，P<0.001），promoted the release of anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10（IL-10）（P<0.001），increased mitochondrial membrane potential（P<0.05，P<0.01），improved cell cycle arrest（P<0.05）and modulated the expression levels of inflammation and apoptosis-related pathway proteins（P<0.05，P<0.01，P<0.001）.
This study has confirmed in vitro that SA is capable of improving LPS-induced damage to Caco-2 cells.The mechanism of action appears to be related to the inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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