To investigate the clinical effect and safety of Modified Qianjin Weijian Decoction (千金苇茎汤加减) combined with azithromycin in the treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia in children with phlegm-heat blocking lung syndrome.

A total of 58 children with mycoplasma pneumonia with phlegm-heat blocking lung syndrome (admitted from August 2021 to February 2024) were included in the study. All the children received conventional treatment, and were divided into azithromycin single-drug group (29 cases) and azithromycin combined Chinese medicine group (29 cases) by random number table method. The therapeutic effect, adverse reactions, time for symptoms and signs to disappear, TCM syndrome scores before and after treatment and serum levels of procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC and other lung function indicators, and T lymphocyte subsets were compared between the two groups.

The total effective rate of the azithromycin combined Chinese medicine group was higher than that of azithromycin single-drug group (P<0.05). The adverse reaction rate of azithromycin singledrug group and azithromycin combined Chinese medicine group was lower (P>0.05). The disappearance time of symptoms and signs in the azithromycin combined Chinese medicine group was shorter than that in the single medicine group (P<0.05). The levels of TCM syndrome scores, inflammatory factors (PCT, IL-6, CRP), lung function indexes (FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC) and T lymphocyte subsets were compared between the two groups before treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, TCM syndrome scores, inflammatory factors (PCT, IL-6, CRP), lung function indexes (FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC) and T lymphocyte subsets of children in both groups were improved. The levels of TCM syndrome scores, inflammatory factors (PCT, IL-6, CRP), lung function indexes (FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC) and T lymphocyte subsets in the azithromycin combined Chinese medicine group after treatment were better than those in the monotherapy group (P<0.05).

Modified Qianjin Weijian Decoction combined with azithromycin has good clinical effect on mycoplasma pneumonia in children with phlegm-heat blocking lung syndrome, and is safe and reliable.