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Outline
To study the structure of lignans from Dangshen（Codonopsis pilosula）and their anti-hypoxic activities. The ethanol extracts of Dangshen（Codonopsis pilosula）were separated and purified by D-101 column, silica gel column, ODS column and preparation HPLC. The structures were identified by physicochemical properties and various spectroscopic data. Highly differentiated PC12 cells with neuro-like properties were used to establish a chemical hypoxia model by CoCl2 to screen the anti-hypoxic activity of the isolated compounds. The compound with the best anti-hypoxia activity was chosen for further investigation for the effects on lactate dehydrogenase（LDH）, reactive oxygen species（ROS）and mitochondrial membrane potential（MMP）under different concentrations. Ten compounds were classified as schisandrin A（1）, Gomisin N（2）, schisandrol A（3）, angylogyl gomisin Q（4）, angylogyl gomisin H（5）, benzoylgomisin Q（6）, gomisin A（7）, honokiol（8）, magnolol（9）and Codonopiloneolignanin A（10）. Compounds 1, 3-7 and 10 could increase the viability of hypoxic PC12 cells. The protection rates of compounds 1, 3, 4 and 6 were more than 20% at 10 μmol/L. Compound 3（schisandrol A）could reduce the leakage of LDH in PC12 cells of hypoxia induced by CoCl2, reduce the production of ROS and slow down the decline of mitochondrial membranepotential caused by hypoxia. Ten lignans were isolated from Dangshen（Codonopsis pilosula）. Compounds 1-7 were dibenzo（a, c）cyclooctene lignans, compounds 8-9 were biphenyl lignans, compound 10 was new lignans with unique bridge ring carbon ring skeleton. Compounds 1-9 were isolated from the genus of Codonopsis for the first time. Compounds 1, 3-7 and 10 had a protective effect on neuronal cell damage caused by hypoxia. The protection rate of compounds 1, 3, 4 and 6 were more than 20% at 10 μmol/L. Compound 3（schisandrol A）might exert its protective activity by inhibiting the production of ROS in hypoxic cells and slowing down the degree of MMP depolarization caused by hypoxia.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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