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Outline
To investigate the effects and mechanisms of extracts from Baihuasheshecao（Hedyotis diffusa Willd）on the proliferation and apoptosis of renal cancer cells.
Thirty-two BALB/c mice inoculated with renal cancer Renca cells were randomly divided into model group, Baihuasheshecao（Hedyotis diffusa Willd）extract group, 5-fluorouracil（5-FU）group and transforming growth factor-β（TGF-β）/Smad pathway inhibitor（LY2157299）group, with 8 mice in each group. Corresponding doses were administered by gavage, and the model group was given an equal volume of physiological saline by gavage once a day for 14 days. The volume changes of transplanted tumor blocks in mice were recorded. The mice in each group were euthanized 24 hours after the last administration. The tumor mass was weighed, and the tumor inhibition rate was calculated. Western blot was used to detect the expressions of TGF-β1, p-Smad2, p-Smad3, Bcl-xl, Bad and cleaned-Caspase-3. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the protein expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen Ki67 and PCNA. HE and TUNEL staining were performed on tumor tissues to detect the morphology and apoptosis of tumor cells.
Compared with the model group, the growth rate of transplanted tumors in all three experimental groups was inhibited, and the volume of transplanted tumors significantly decreased after 14 days of administration. Western blot results showed that compared with the model group, the three experimental groups up-regulated the expression levels of pro apoptotic proteins Bad and cleaned-Caspase-3, down-regulated the expressions of anti apoptotic protein Bcl-xl and pathway proteins TGF-β1, p-Smad2 and p-Smad3（P<0.05）. The immunohistochemical results showed that the expressions of Ki67 and PCNA in tumor tissues of the three experimental groups were significantly lower than those of the model group（P<0.05）. The results of HE staining and TUNEL staining showed that compared with those of the model group, the proliferation ability of renal cancer cells in the tumor tissues of the three experimental groups was inhibited, and the apoptosis rate was significantly increased（P<0.05）.
The extract of Baihuasheshecao（Hedyotis diffusa Willd）can inhibit the proliferation of renal cancer Renca cells and promote their apoptosis, which may be related to the inhibition of TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway activation.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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