To investigate the effects of Shuangshen Decoction（双肾汤）on inflammatory factors, immune function and recurrence in children with purpura nephritis.

A hundred cases with purpura nephritis were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group, 50 cases in each group. Both groups were given glucocorticoid therapy, and the observation group was given Shuangshen Decoction simultaneously. The changes of syndrome scores, serum inflammatory factors and immune function were observed before and 12 weeks after treatment, and the recurrence of infection was followed up within 12 months.

There was no statistically significant difference in the scores of traditional Chinese medicine symptoms between the two groups before treatment（P>0.05）. The scores decreased at after treatment（P<0.05）and the decline degree in the observation group was greater than that in the control group（P<0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference in the serum tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）, interleukin（IL）-6 or IL-10 between the two groups before treatment（P>0.05）. There were decreased after treatment（P<0.05）and the decline degree in the observation group was greater than that in the control group（P<0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference in the CD4⁺, CD8⁺, IgA, IgG or IgM between the two groups before treatment（P>0.05）. The levels of CD4⁺, IgA and IgG in the observation group were higher after treatment than those before treatment（P<0.05）, and it was higher than that of the control group after treatment（P<0.05）. The recurrence rate and infection rate of the observation group were 22.00%（11/50）and 34.00%（17/50）, which were lower than those of the control group[44.00%（22/50）and 62.00%（31/50）]（P<0.05）. The number of recurrence and infection in the observation group was lower than that in the control group（P<0.05）, and the therapeutic effect in the observation group was higher than that in the control group（P<0.05）.

Shuangshen Decoction in the treatment of children with purpura nephritis can help to alleviate symptoms, improve immune function and inflammatory response, and reduce infection and recurrence rate.