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Outline
This study aims to investigate the interrelationships and disease patterns among thyroid nodules（TN），hyperplasia of mammary glands（HMG）and uterine leiomyomas（UL），providing a scientific basis for clinical diagnostic and therapeutic strategies，as well as rational drug use.
A retrospective analysis was conducted on the electronic health records of female examinees who underwent thyroid，breast and uterine ultrasonography at the Health Examination Center of The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine from October 19，2011 to December 19，2018. Based on the detection results，the cases with any single disease，co-occurrence of any two diseases and concurrent three diseases were included in the case group，while the individuals without any detected diseases were included in the control group. Using SPSS Statistics 22.0 software，the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test and descriptive statistical methods were applied to analyze the correlation and disease patterns among the three diseases.
A total of 5252 cases met the study criteria，with 2902 in the case group. The correlation analysis revealed significant positive associations between the co-occurrence of any two diseases. Notably，the correlation between TN and HMG was strongest in the 45-59 age group（r=0.106，P<0.001），between TN and UL in the 18-44 age group（r=0.122，P<0.001），and between HMG and UL in the 45-59 age group（r=0.157，P<0.001）. Descriptive statistical analysis indicated that the concurrence of all three diseases or any two diseases predominantly occurred in the 45-59 age range. The predominant traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）constitutions among patients were phlegm-dampness and Yang deficiency. Blood pressure，lipid and glucose levels were mostly normal but showed significant differences compared to those of the control group（P<0.001）. Laboratory tests revealed that routine blood，liver and kidney function indices were within the normal ranges，yet significantly different from those of the control group（P<0.001）.
This real-world data-based research demonstrates significant positive correlations among TN，HMG and UL，with notable differences in age distribution，TCM constitutions，blood pressure，glucose，lipids and laboratory indices compared to those of the normal group，providing crucial evidence for early detection，prevention and treatment of these diseases.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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