Baizhi（Radix Angelicae Dahuricae）is widely used in clinical medicine. Its volatile oil is the key active ingredient. It is mainly composed of olefins，alcohols，ketones，esters，acids，aldehydes，alkanes，furans，indoles and other compounds. Baizhi（Radix Angelicae Dahuricae）contains a large amount of starch. It is easy to gelatinize when extracting the volatile oil，and it is easy to oxidize after long-term exposure. The contents of volatile oil in Baizhi（Radix Angelicae Dahuricae）can fluctuate due to regional differences，cultivation methods，processing methods，extraction processes，growth environment and other factors. The volatile oil of Baizhi（Radix Angelicae Dahuricae）has high medicinal value. It can be used for anti-inflammation，relieving pain，calming，anti-tumor，anti-allergy，whitening and anti-oxidation in clinic. The volatile oil components of Baizhi（Radix Angelicae Dahuricae）were systematically collected and summarized by consulting the relevant literature of volatile oil of Baizhi（Radix Angelicae Dahuricae）at home and abroad. The factors affecting the contents of volatile oil of Baizhi（Radix Angelicae Dahuricae）and their stability were analyzed，and the efficacy and mechanism of volatile oil of Baizhi（Radix Angelicae Dahuricae）were studied. The aim is to provide reference for further research and development and utilization of Baizhi（Radix Angelicae Dahuricae）and its volatile oil.