To analyze a randomized controlled study on the treatment of goiter patients with Modified Haizao Yuhu Decoction（海藻玉壶汤）.

A hundred goiter patients admitted to Quzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from May 2021 to May 2024 were selected as the study objects. The patients were divided into two groups by random number table method. Fifty patients treated with Western medicine were established as the control group，and the other fifty patients treated with Modified Haizao Yuhu Decoction were established as the experimental group，all of whom were treated for 12 weeks. After treatment，the clinical effects of the two groups were observed and compared.

After treatment，the single symptom scores of both groups were decreased（P<0.05），and the score of the experimental group was more significantly decreased than that of the control group（P<0.05）. After treatment，the levels of free triiodothyronine（FT3）and free thyroid hormone（FT4）were increased in both groups，and the level of thyroid stimulating hormone（TSH）was decreased（P<0.05）. Compared with those in the control group，the levels of FT3 and FT4 were higher and the level of TSH was lower in the experimental group（P<0.05）. After treatment，the maximum diameter and volume of thyroid nodules in both groups were decreased（P<0.05），and the decrease was more significant in the experimental group compared with that in the control group（P<0.05）. After treatment，the levels of thyroid autoantibodies thyroid peroxidase antibody（TPOAb）and thyroglobulin antibody（TGAb）were decreased in both groups（P<0.05），and the levels in the experimental group were more significantly decreased than those in the control group（P<0.05）.

After the treatment of goiter patients with Modified Haizao Yuhu Decoction，it can effectively regulate the immunity and improve the clinical symptoms of patients with good results.