Baizhu(Atractylodes Macrocephala Koidz.)is a traditional medicine with long history which has been widely distributed in China. The essential oil(EO)derived from Baizhu(Atractylodes Macrocephala Koidz.),as the main effective part of AMA,is composed of terpenoids,alkanes,aromatics,etc. It has a wide range of pharmacological effects,including anti-tumor,anti-oxidant,immunomodulative,gastrointestinal regulation and anti-bacterial effects. Although many scholars have conducted research on AMA EO,to the best of our knowledge,there is no systematic review about it. This paper reviewed literature published at home and abroad,analyzed the chemical components of AMA EO,summarized its pharmacological activities and toxicity aswell as its clinical applications,so as to provide reference for further development of themedicinal value of AMA EO.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |